scholarly journals Regulation of Life Span by The Gut Microbiota in The Short-Lived African Turquoise Killifish

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Smith ◽  
David Willemsen ◽  
Miriam Popkes ◽  
Franziska Metge ◽  
Edson Gandiwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Systemic Effects ◽  
Life Span Extension ◽  
Nothobranchius Furzeri ◽  
Vertebrate Model

ABSTRACTGut bacteria occupy the interface between the organism and the external environment, contributing to homeostasis and disease. Yet, the causal role of the gut microbiota during host aging is largely unexplored. Here, using the African turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri), a naturally short-lived vertebrate, we show that the gut microbiota plays a key role in modulating vertebrate life span. Recolonizing the gut of middle-age individuals with bacteria from young donors resulted in life span extension and delayed behavioral decline. This intervention prevented the decrease in microbial diversity associated with host aging and maintained a young-like gut bacterial community, characterized by overrepresentation of the key genera Exiguobacterium, Planococcus, Propionigenium and Psychrobacter. Our findings demonstrate that the natural microbial gut community of young individuals can causally induce long-lasting beneficial systemic effects that lead to life span extension in a vertebrate model.

scholarly journals Regulation of life span by the gut microbiota in the short-lived African turquoise killifish

eLife ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Smith ◽  
David Willemsen ◽  
Miriam Popkes ◽  
Franziska Metge ◽  
Edson Gandiwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Systemic Effects ◽  
Life Span Extension ◽  
Nothobranchius Furzeri ◽  
Vertebrate Model

Gut bacteria occupy the interface between the organism and the external environment, contributing to homeostasis and disease. Yet, the causal role of the gut microbiota during host aging is largely unexplored. Here, using the African turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri), a naturally short-lived vertebrate, we show that the gut microbiota plays a key role in modulating vertebrate life span. Recolonizing the gut of middle-age individuals with bacteria from young donors resulted in life span extension and delayed behavioral decline. This intervention prevented the decrease in microbial diversity associated with host aging and maintained a young-like gut bacterial community, characterized by overrepresentation of the key genera Exiguobacterium, Planococcus, Propionigenium and Psychrobacter. Our findings demonstrate that the natural microbial gut community of young individuals can causally induce long-lasting beneficial systemic effects that lead to life span extension in a vertebrate model.

scholarly journals CBP-1 Acts in GABAergic Neurons to Double Life Span in Axenically Cultured Caenorhabditis elegans

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 1198-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaihan Cai ◽  
Ineke Dhondt ◽  
Lieselot Vandemeulebroucke ◽  
Caroline Vlaeminck ◽  
Madina Rasulova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Gabaergic Neurons ◽  
Creb Binding Protein ◽  
Axenic Medium ◽  
Life Span Extension ◽  
Gene Functions ◽  
Key Genes

Abstract When cultured in axenic medium, Caenorhabditis elegans shows the largest life-span extension compared with other dietary restriction regimens. However, the underlying molecular mechanism still remains elusive. The gene cbp-1, encoding the worm ortholog of p300/CBP (CREB-binding protein), is one of the very few key genes known to be essential for life span doubling under axenic dietary restriction (ADR). By using tissue-specific RNAi, we found that cbp-1 expression in the germline is essential for fertility, whereas this gene functions specifically in the GABAergic neurons to support the full life span–doubling effect of ADR. Surprisingly, GABA itself is not required for ADR-induced longevity, suggesting a role of neuropeptide signaling. In addition, chemotaxis assays illustrate that neuronal inactivation of CBP-1 affects the animals’ food sensing behavior. Together, our results show that the strong life-span extension in axenic medium is under strict control of GABAergic neurons and may be linked to food sensing.

scholarly journals Life-Span Extension in Mice by Preweaning Food Restriction and by Methionine Restriction in Middle Age

2009 ◽  
Vol 64A (7) ◽  
pp. 711-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Sun ◽  
A. A. Sadighi Akha ◽  
R. A. Miller ◽  
J. M. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Life Span Extension ◽  
Methionine Restriction

scholarly journals Conservation State of Two Paintings in the Santa Margherita Cliff Cave: Role of the Environment and of the Microbial Community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
francesco armetta ◽  
Josue Cardenas ◽  
Eugenio Caponetti ◽  
Rosa Alduina ◽  
Alessandro Presentato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Salt Composition ◽  
The West ◽  
West Wall ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Sea Aerosol

Abstract The conservation of ancient paintings sited in humid environments is an actual challenge for restorers, because it needs the knowledge of the materials the paintings are made up and of their interaction with a peculiar surrounding environment; thus, tailored procedures and strategies aimed at restoring and preserving paintings are necessary. The Santa Margherita’s cave in Castellammare del Golfo (Trapani, Italy) is a natural cave, containing the remains of paintings, in a poor state of conservation, belonging to an ancient church dated back to the Middle Age. The present manuscript reports the monitoring of environmental conditions (i.e., temperature and humidity) in a full year as well as a study on the materials constituting the stone support and the paintings together with a survey of the microbial community. The findings allow us to define the causes which mainly involve the degradation of the paintings. In detail, the degradation of the east and the west wall occurred differently because of the exposure to the sea aerosol, which influenced the salt composition, also contributing to diversifying the bacterial community. Some specific actions to plan the conservation and restoration of paintings and to preserve the site are suggested.

scholarly journals DIET INFLUENCES THE GUT MICROBIOTA: A MINIREVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. e247
Author(s):  
Manish Soni
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Dietary Fibres ◽  
The World ◽  
Host Health ◽  
Genetic Makeup ◽  
Diet Intake

The human gut ecosystem is dynamic in nature which harbors trillions of microorganisms. These microorganisms constituting the gut microbiota are highly diverse and abundant having multiple implications on wellbeing and health of a person. There is a complex interaction between diet and microorganisms which can lead to beneficial or detrimental outcomes to host health. Each individual harbors specific and diverse microbiota depending upon his diet intake, genetic makeup, medication, metabolic regulations, external environment and his way of living the life. Among all these factors, diet plays a major role in deciding and influencing the microbiota of any person. The effects of diet on the gut microbiota are mostly temporary in nature. The microbiota of a person can be modulated by consumption of dietary fibres and prebiotics. This review focuses on the role of diet in influencing the gut microbiota of varied populations in different regions of the world.

Use of Medaka Fish as Vertebrate Model to Study the Effect of Cocoa Polyphenols in the Resistance to Oxidative Stress and Life Span Extension

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana V. Sánchez-Sánchez ◽  
Aránzazu Leal-Tassias ◽  
Neus Rodríguez-Sánchez ◽  
Marina Piquer-Gil ◽  
Patricia Martorell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Medaka Fish ◽  
Life Span Extension ◽  
Vertebrate Model

scholarly journals Bacterial Community Profile of the Gut Microbiota Differs between Hypercholesterolemic Subjects and Controls

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilo Rebolledo ◽  
Alejandro Cuevas ◽  
Tomás Zambrano ◽  
Jacquelinne J. Acuña ◽  
Milko A. Jorquera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Total Dna ◽  
Hypercholesterolemic Subjects

The role of gut microbiota in the development of metabolic illnesses has been abundantly demonstrated. Recent studies suggest that gut microbiota alterations may also be related to the development of hypercholesterolemia. Therefore, we aimed to assess differences in the gut bacterial community profiles between hypercholesterolemic subjects and controls. Thirty cases diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia and 27 normocholesterolemic controls were included. A fasting whole blood sample was obtained to determine the lipid profile. In parallel, stool samples were collected and total DNA was isolated to assess the bacterial community profiles by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). In addition, the Richness, Shannon-Weaver, and Simpson indexes were used to evaluate the richness and diversity of bacterial communities. As expected, serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol were significantly higher in the cases compared with controls. Moreover, DGGE analysis showed a lower richness and diversity of bacterial communities in hypercholesterolemic subjects. In conclusion, our results showed differences in the profiles of bacterial communities between hypercholesterolemic subjects and controls, suggesting a possible role of the gut microbiota in the development of hypercholesterolemia.

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