UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES: THE IMPACT OF CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING GUIDELINES ON RATES OF STI SCREENING IN PRIMARY CARE

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 738
Author(s):  
Rebecca Zur ◽  
Mark Yudin
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
The Impact

Primary Care Physicians' Awareness and Adherence to Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines in Texas

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
P Holland-Barkis ◽  
SN Forjuoh ◽  
GR Couchman ◽  
C Capen ◽  
TG Rascoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Screening Guidelines

scholarly journals The impact of medical tourism on cervical cancer screening among immigrant women in the U.S.

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sou Hyun Jang ◽  
Hendrika Meischke ◽  
Linda K. Ko
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Medical Tourism ◽  
Immigrant Women ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Permanent Resident ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Background Research on the relationship between medical tourism—traveling abroad for healthcare and cervical cancer screening is lacking. This study examines (1) the association between medical tourism and cervical cancer screening among immigrant women and (2) whether the association varies across years in the U.S. Methods We analyzed the New Immigrant Survey data of immigrant women aged 21–65 (n = 999). The outcome was having had a Pap smear since becoming a permanent resident, and the main predictor was medical tourism. Logistic regressions were conducted. Results Immigrant women who engaged in medical tourism had higher cervical cancer screening rates compared to those who did not engage in medical tourism (84.09% vs. 71.68%). This relationship was statistically significant only among women who have recently immigrated, after controlling for covariates. Conclusions Immigrant women who engaged in medical tourism had 2.18 higher odds of receiving a Pap smear than immigrant women who did not, after controlling for other covariates. Health educators should be aware of the practice of medical tourism and consider providing education on adherence to cancer screening guidelines and follow up abnormal results to ensure that immigrant women receive continuous cancer care.

Primary care physicians' awareness and adherence to cervical cancer screening guidelines in Texas

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penelope Holland-Barkis ◽  
Samuel N. Forjuoh ◽  
Glen R. Couchman ◽  
Charles Capen ◽  
Terry G. Rascoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Screening Guidelines

scholarly journals Recovery strategies following COVID-19 disruption to cervical cancer screening and their impact on excess diagnoses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Castanon ◽  
Matejka Rebolj ◽  
Francesca Pesola ◽  
Peter Sasieni
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Cervical Cancers ◽  
Screening Interval ◽  
Recovery Strategies ◽  
Screening Services ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Published Research

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted cervical cancer screening services. Assuming increases to screening capacity are unrealistic, we propose two recovery strategies: one extends the screening interval by 6 months for all and the other extends the interval by 36/60 months, but only for women who have already missed being screened. Methods Using routine statistics from England we estimate the number of women affected by delays to screening. We used published research to estimate the proportion of screening age women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and progression rates to cancer. Under two recovery scenarios, we estimate the impact of COVID-19 on cervical cancer over one screening cycle (3 years at ages 25–49 and 5 years at ages 50–64 years). The duration of disruption in both scenarios is 6 months. In the first scenario, 10.7 million women have their screening interval extended by 6 months. In the second, 1.5 million women (those due to be screened during the disruption) miss one screening cycle, but most women have no delay. Results Both scenarios result in similar numbers of excess cervical cancers: 630 vs. 632 (both 4.3 per 100,000 women in the population). However, the scenario in which some women miss one screening cycle creates inequalities—they would have much higher rates of excess cancer: 41.5 per 100,000 delayed for screened women compared to those with a 6-month delay (5.9 per 100,000). Conclusion To ensure equity for those affected by COVID-19 related screening delays additional screening capacity will need to be paired with prioritising the screening of overdue women.

Evaluation of a Narrative Video to Promote Prevention and Early Detection of Cervical Cancer Among Latinas

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483992110389
Author(s):  
Jessica Calderón-Mora ◽  
Adam Alomari ◽  
Theresa L. Byrd ◽  
Navkiran K. Shokar
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Psychosocial Variables ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Efficacy Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Objective To evaluate the impact of an online-delivered, theory-based narrative video on cervical cancer screening knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs in a predominantly Latino community. Methods The study design was a nonrandomized pretest–posttest evaluation. The eligibility criteria included men and women 18 years or older not previously enrolled in our community cervical cancer screening program who had internet access. Participants were recruited via in-person county-wide flyer distribution and social media dissemination. The intervention involved a narrative video designed for Latinas delivered via the internet. The 17-minute video is novella style, with a culturally tailored storyline and setting that covers cervical cancer risk factors and statistics, importance of screening, and addresses testing barriers. The measures were knowledge about cervical cancer and screening, perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, subjective norms, and self-efficacy. Analysis was performed using change scores for knowledge and psychosocial variables and descriptive statistics for satisfaction and acceptability of the video. Results Data from 227 surveys were analyzed; respondent mean age: 37.6 years; 98.8% female, 88.8% Hispanic; 42.0% had an annual income of $20,000 or less; and 85.2% had at least a high school education. Knowledge and all psychosocial variables improved significantly. More than 90% of the participants rated all of the satisfaction items as good or excellent. Conclusions and Implications for Practice A culturally appropriate narrative video about cervical cancer and screening disseminated online effectively improved knowledge and psychosocial variables among Latinas. Our findings indicate that health promotion interventions online could be effective for improving desired health behavior through a new means of educational dissemination by way of websites and social media outlets.

scholarly journals Evaluating smartphone strategies for reliability, reproducibility, and quality of VIA for cervical cancer screening in the Shiselweni region of Eswatini: A cohort study

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. e1003378
Author(s):  
Ramin Asgary ◽  
Nelly Staderini ◽  
Simangele Mthethwa-Hleta ◽  
Paola Andrea Lopez Saavedra ◽  
Linda Garcia Abrego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
World Health ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Humanitarian Settings ◽  
The Impact

Background Cervical cancer is among the most common preventable cancers with the highest morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid (VIA) as cervical cancer screening strategy in resource-poor settings. However, there are barriers to the sustainability of VIA programs including declining providers’ VIA competence without mentorship and quality assurances and challenges of integration into primary healthcare. This study seeks to evaluate the impact of smartphone-based strategies in improving reliability, reproducibility, and quality of VIA in humanitarian settings. Methods and findings We implemented smartphone-based VIA that included standard VIA training, adapted refresher, and 6-month mHealth mentorship, sequentially, in the rural Shiselweni region of Eswatini. A remote expert reviewer provided diagnostic and management feedback on patients’ cervical images, which were reviewed weekly by nurses. Program’s outcomes, VIA image agreement rates, and Kappa statistic were compared before, during, and after training. From September 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018, 4,247 patients underwent screening; 247 were reviewed weekly by a VIA diagnostic expert. Of the 247, 128 (49%) were HIV–positive; mean age was 30.80 years (standard deviation [SD]: 7.74 years). Initial VIA positivity of 16% (436/2,637) after standard training gradually increased to 25.1% (293/1,168), dropped to an average of 9.7% (143/1,469) with a lowest of 7% (20/284) after refresher in 2017 (p = 0.001), increased again to an average of 9.6% (240/2,488) with a highest of 17% (17/100) before the start of mentorship, and dropped to an average of 8.3% (134/1,610) in 2018 with an average of 6.3% (37/591) after the start of mentorship (p = 0.019). Overall, 88% were eligible for and 68% received cryotherapy the same day: 10 cases were clinically suspicious for cancer; however, only 5 of those cases were confirmed using punch biopsy. Agreement rates with the expert reviewer for positive and negative cases were 100% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 79.4% to 100%) and 95.7% (95% CI: 92.2% to 97.9%), respectively, with negative predictive value (NPV) (100%), positive predictive value (PPV) (63.5%), and area under the curve of receiver operating characteristics (AUC ROC) (0.978). Kappa statistic was 0.74 (95% CI; 0.58 to 0.89); 0.64 and 0.79 at 3 and 6 months, respectively. In logistic regression, HIV and age were associated with VIA positivity (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR]: 3.53, 95% CI: 1.10 to 11.29; p = 0.033 and aOR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.0004 to 1.13; p = 0.048, respectively). We were unable to incorporate a control arm due to logistical constraints in routine humanitarian settings. Conclusions Our findings suggest that smartphone mentorship provided experiential learning to improve nurses’ competencies and VIA reliability and reproducibility, reduced false positive, and introduced peer-to-peer education and quality control services. Local collaboration; extending services to remote populations; decreasing unnecessary burden to screened women, providers, and tertiary centers; and capacity building through low-tech high-yield screening are promising strategies for scale-up of VIA programs.

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