scholarly journals Critically appraised paper: Non-invasive brain stimulation does not enhance the effect of robotic-assisted upper limb training on arm motor recovery after stroke [synopsis]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prudence Plummer
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Motor Recovery ◽  
Robotic Assisted ◽  
Non Invasive

Can neuromodulation techniques optimally exploit cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuit properties to enhance motor learning post-stroke?

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 821-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Israely ◽  
Gerry Leisman
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Motor Recovery ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Deep Brain

Abstract Individuals post-stroke sustain motor deficits years after the stroke. Despite recent advancements in the applications of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques and Deep Brain Stimulation in humans, there is a lack of evidence supporting their use for rehabilitation after brain lesions. Non-invasive brain stimulation is already in use for treating motor deficits in individuals with Parkinson’s disease and post-stroke. Deep Brain Stimulation has become an established treatment for individuals with movement disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor, epilepsy, cerebral palsy and dystonia. It has also been utilized for the treatment of Tourette’s syndrome, Alzheimer’s disease and neuropsychiatric conditions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, major depression and anorexia nervosa. There exists growing scientific knowledge from animal studies supporting the use of Deep Brain Stimulation to enhance motor recovery after brain damage. Nevertheless, these results are currently not applicable to humans. This review details the current literature supporting the use of these techniques to enhance motor recovery, both from human and animal studies, aiming to encourage development in this domain.

scholarly journals Combining Robotic Training and Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation in Severe Upper Limb-Impaired Chronic Stroke Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Di Lazzaro ◽  
Fioravante Capone ◽  
Giovanni Di Pino ◽  
Giovanni Pellegrino ◽  
Lucia Florio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Robotic Training ◽  
Non Invasive

scholarly journals Non-invasive cerebellar stimulation in dystonia

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynton Graetz ◽  
Lynley Bradnam
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Red Nucleus ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Muscle Contractions ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Novel Target ◽  
Propriospinal System ◽  
Cerebellar Stimulation

AbstractPrimary isolated dystonia is a hyperkinetic movement disorder whereby involuntary muscle contractions cause twisted and abnormal postures. Dystonia of the cervical spine and upper limb may present as sustained muscle contractions or task-specific activity when using the hand or upper limb. There is little understanding of the pathophysiology underlying dystonia and this presents a challenge for clinicians and researchers alike. Emerging evidence that the cerebellum is involved in the pathophysiology of dystonia using network models presents the intriguing concept that the cerebellum could provide a novel target for non-invasive brain stimulation. Non-invasive stimulation to increase cerebellar excitability improved aspects of handwriting and circle drawing in a small cohort of people with focal hand and cervical dystonia. Mechanisms underlying the improvement in function are unknown, but putative pathways may involve the red nucleus and/or the cervical propriospinal system. Furthermore, recent understanding that the cerebellum has both motor and cognitive functions suggests that non-invasive cerebellar stimulation may improve both motor and non-motor aspects of dystonia. We propose a combination of motor and non-motor tasks that challenge cerebellar function may be combined with cerebellar non-invasive brain stimulation in the treatment of focal dystonia. Better understanding of how the cerebellum contributes to dystonia may be gained by using network models such as our putative circuits involving red nucleus and/or the cervical propriospinal system. Finally, novel treatment interventions encompassing both motor and non-motor functions of the cerebellum may prove effective for neurological disorders that exhibit cerebellar dysfunction.

scholarly journals Non-invasive brain stimulation in neurorehabilitation: local and distant effects for motor recovery

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sook-Lei Liew ◽  
Emilliano Santarnecchi ◽  
Ethan R. Buch ◽  
Leonardo G. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Motor Recovery ◽  
Non Invasive
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