Psychiatric emergency services: The American response to mental health integration in the emergency department

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Sejal Shah
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Psychiatric Emergency ◽  
Psychiatric Emergency Services ◽  
Mental Health Integration

scholarly journals Air pollutants and daily number of admissions to psychiatric emergency services: evidence for detrimental mental health effects of ozone

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Bernardini ◽  
L. Attademo ◽  
R. Trezzi ◽  
C. Gobbicchi ◽  
P.M. Balducci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Psychiatric Emergency ◽  
Psychiatric Emergency Services ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aims Aim of the current study is to investigate the associations between daily levels of air pollutants (particulate matter, ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide) and daily admissions for mental disorders to the emergency department of two general hospitals in Umbria region (Italy). Methods We collected data about daily admissions to psychiatric emergency services of two general hospitals, air pollutants' levels and meteorological data for the time period 1 January 2015 until 31 December 2016. We assessed the impact of an increase in air pollutants on the number of daily admissions using a time-series econometric framework. Results A total of 1860 emergency department admissions for mental disorders were identified. We observed a statistically significant impact of ozone levels on daily admissions. The estimated coefficient of O3 is statistically significant at the 1% level. All other pollutants were not significantly associated with the number of daily admissions. Conclusions Short-term exposure to ozone may be associated with increased psychiatric emergency services admissions. Findings add to previous literature on existing evidence for air pollution to have an impact on mental health. Ozone may be considered a potential environmental risk factor for impaired mental health.

Use of Psychiatric Emergency Services and Enrollment Status in a Public Managed Mental Health Care Plan

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 1494-1501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dane Wingerson ◽  
Joan Russo ◽  
Richard Ries ◽  
Christos Dagadakis ◽  
Peter Roy-Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Psychiatric Emergency ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Psychiatric Emergency Services ◽  
Enrollment Status ◽  
Health Care Plan

scholarly journals A narrative literature review of the typology of psychiatric emergency services in the UK

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S235-S235
Author(s):  
Dhruba Bagchi ◽  
George Tadros ◽  
Opeyemi Odejimi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Emergency Service ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Psychiatric Emergency ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Psychiatric Emergency Services ◽  
Crisis Resolution ◽  
The Uk

AimsThis study aims to provide a detailed literature review of the different forms of Psychiatric Emergency Services currently available within the UK.Background1 in 6 individuals have one form of mental health disorders. Mental health crisis resulting in an individual requiring access to Psychiatric Emergency Service (PES) can occur at any time. Psychiatric Emergency Service (PES) is described as one that provides an immediate response to an individual in crisis within the first 24 hours. Presently, several PESs are available in the UK with the aim of providing prompt and effective assessment, management and in some cases treatment and/or referral. Over the years, economic and political influences have greatly determined the service delivery models of PES. Indeed, these services vary in name, accessibility, structure, professionals involved, outcomes and many more.MethodElectronic search of five key databases (MEDLINE, PsychINFO, EMBASE, AMED and PUBMED) was carried out to identify various models of PES in the UK. Various combinations of search terms were used and studies which met the inclusion criteria were selected. Studies were included if they were written in English, conducted within the United Kingdom, and described a form of PES. Search was not limited by years and this is to help have a comprehensive overview as well as show changes over time of the various models of psychiatric emergency services. Studies which did not meet any of the criteria detailed above were excluded.ResultIn total, 59 relevant studies were found which identified nine type of PES-Crisis resolution home treatment, police officer intervention, street triage, mental health liaison services in the Emergency Department, psychiatric assessment unit, integrated services, voluntary services and crisis house. There were more papers describing Crisis resolution home treatment services than the others. Furthermore, majority of the papers reported services within England than other countries within the UK.ConclusionAll forms of PES are beneficial, particularly to mental health service users, but not without some shortcomings. There is a need to continue carrying out methodological research that evaluate impact, cost-effectiveness as well as identify methods of optimising the beneficial outcomes of all models of PES. This will inform researchers, educationist, policy makers and commissioners, service users and carers, service providers and many more on how to ensure current and future PES meet the needs as well as aid recovery of mental health service users.

scholarly journals T125. AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN OZONE, BUT NOT OTHER AIR POLLUTANTS, AND DAILY NUMBER OF VISITS TO PSYCHIATRIC EMERGENCY SERVICES

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S277-S278
Author(s):  
Francesco Bernardini ◽  
Luigi Attademo ◽  
Riccardo Trezzi ◽  
Chiara Gobbicchi ◽  
Pierfrancesco Balducci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Psychiatric Emergency ◽  
Ozone Exposure ◽  
Psychiatric Emergency Services ◽  
Daily Number ◽  
Number Of Visits

Abstract Background Air pollution is a major environmental risk to health. Exposure to xenobiotic heavy metals such as lead and cadmium—constituents of air pollution such as particulate matter and nitrogen and sulfur oxides, organic solvents, and other environmental pollutants—could be component causes for schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution could be an independent risk factor for mental health disorders. Recent studies analysing the association between daily levels of air pollutants and hospital admissions for mental disorders showed significant results for different pollutants considered both for admissions for generic mental disorders and for specific diagnoses such as schizophrenia, depression and substance abuse. Aim of the present study is to investigate the associations between daily levels of air pollutants (particulate matter, ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide) and daily admissions for mental disorders to the emergency department of two general hospitals in Umbria region (Italy) Methods We collected data about daily admissions to psychiatric emergency services of two general hospitals, daily levels of respirable particular matter (PM10 and PM2.5), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and meteorological data (daily average temperature, pressure, humidity, and maximum and average wind speed) for the time period 1 January 2015 until 31 December 2016 (731 days). We used air monitoring data for the different types of air pollutants which were averaged across up to 16 monitor stations dispersed in the region. We assessed the impact of an increase in air pollutants on the number of daily admissions using a time-series econometric framework. Results A total of 1860 cases of emergency department admissions for mental disorders were recorded over the study period. We observe a statistically significant impact of O3 levels on daily admissions. The estimated coefficient of O3 is statistically significant at the 1 percent level. According to our results, an increase of one µg/ m3 of O3 concentration (relative to the average concentration of the last 20 days) results in 0.013 more admissions to the hospitals. All other pollutants are not significantly associated with the number of daily admissions. Discussion We observed a statistically significant association of daily ozone levels and daily number of admissions to psychiatric emergency services. Ozone is a component of photochemical smog and a powerful oxidant, and is considered as one of the most important air pollutants. Ozone may have a relevant interference with CNS physiology, and its exposure may be linked to brain disease and contribute to inflammation and oxidative stress. Ozone exposure may be considered a potential environmental risk factor for impaired mental health. Epidemiological studies found evidence that ozone exposure may affect autism spectrum disorders, lead to motor disorders and cognitive impairment, and have an influence on the incidence of depression and suicide. In recent studies ozone air levels showed an association with increased risk of an emergency department visit for depression. This is one of the first studies worldwide investigating the association between daily concentration of air pollutants and the daily number of visits to a psychiatric emergency unit. Our results add to previous literature on existing evidence for air pollution to have a role in the cause or worsening of mental distress and psychiatric disorders. Contrary to our hypothesis, we did not find a positive association between most of the air pollutants considered in our study. This is in contrast with previous literature on this subject. This could be explained by the methodological limitations of our study.

Outreach Psychiatric Emergency Service

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 375-382
Author(s):  
Remco F. P. de Winter ◽  
Mirjam C. Hazewinkel ◽  
Roland van de Sande ◽  
Derek P. de Beurs ◽  
Marieke H. de Groot
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioner ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Emergency Service ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Psychiatric Emergency ◽  
Psychiatric Emergency Services ◽  
Psychiatric Emergency Service ◽  
Suicidal Patients

Abstract. Background: Outreach psychiatric emergency services play an important role in all stages of a suicidal crisis; however, empirical assessment data are scarce. This study describes characteristics of patients assessed by these services and involved in suicidal crises. Method: During a 5-year period, detailed information from psychiatric emergency service assessments was recorded; 14,705 assessments were included. Characteristics of patients with/without suicidal behavior and with/without suicide attempts were compared. Outcomes were adjusted for clustering of features within individual patients. Results: Suicidal behavior was assessed in 32.2% of patients, of whom 9.2% attempted suicide. Suicidal behavior was most commonly associated with depression or adjustment disorder and these patients were referred to the service by a general practitioner or a general hospital, whereas those who attempted suicide were less likely to be referred by a general practitioner. Those who attempted suicide were more likely to be female and have had a referral by a general hospital. Self-poisoning by medication was the most common method of attempting suicide. Limitations: Bias could be due to missed or incomplete assessments. Primary diagnoses were based on clinical observation at the time of the assessment or on the primary diagnosis previously recorded. In addition, suicidal behavior or attempted suicide might have been underestimated. Conclusions: Suicidal behavior is commonplace in assessments by psychiatric emergency services. Suicidal patients with/without a suicide attempt differed with respect to demographic features, primary diagnoses, and referring entities, but not with respect to treatment policy. About 40% of the suicidal patients with/without an attempt were admitted following assessment.

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