Face validity and reliability of a pictorial instrument for assessing fundamental movement skill perceived competence in young children

This study aimed to adapt the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence for Young Children (PMSC) in Greek and assess its reliability and face, construct, and concurrent validity in 5- to 9-year-old Greek children. Face validity was conducted with 20 children, whereas a larger sample (N = 227) was used to examine construct validity. Two subsamples (n = 38; n = 142) were used to investigate test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of the Greek version of the PMSC (PMSC-GR) with the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for Young Children (PSPCSA) and the physical competence subscale (PCS), respectively. The panel of experts confirmed the clarity and concept integrity of the PMSC-GR. Temporal stability was confirmed for PMSC-GR total score and both Locomotor (LOC; ICC = .80; 95% CI, .62–.89) and Object Control (OC; ICC = .91; 95% CI, .82–.95) subscales. Appropriate internal consistency was found for the total score as well as for the LOC and OC scores (polychoric correlations: PMSC-GR, .80; LOC, .60; OC, .76). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the construct validity of a one-factor and two-factor model. Scores of the PMSC and the PSPCSA-PCS were correlated to a low level. The PMSC-GR is valid and reliable for Greek children and appears to measure a different construct to general physical perceived competence.

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The Validity and Reliability of Scales to Measure Perceived Movement Skill Competence in Iranian Young Children

Journal of Motor Learning and Development ◽

10.1123/jmld.2019-0023 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-22

Author(s):

Marziyeh Arman ◽

Lisa M. Barnett ◽

Steven J. Bowe ◽

Abbas Bahram ◽

Anoshirvan Kazemnejad

Keyword(s):

Young Children ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Motor Development ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Face Validity ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Play Skills ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Object Control

The aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the Perceived Movement Skill Competence scales for Iranian children. In particular, the scales aligned with the second and third versions of the Test of Gross Motor Development and the active play skills. The total sample was 314 children aged 4–8 years (Mage = 6.1 years, SD = 1.1). From this, a random sample of 74 were recruited for face validity. The data from the remaining 240 children were used to establish construct validity using Bayesian Structural Equation Modeling. The data from a second random subsample of 126 children were used to investigate Perceived Movement Skill Competence reliability using ordinal alpha coefficients and intraclass correlations coefficients. The majority of children correctly identified the skills and understood most of the pictures. Internal consistency was very good (from 0.81 to 0.95) for all scales and subscales. Test–retest reliability was excellent with intraclass correlation coefficient values above .85. For construct validity, the initial hypothesized models for three-factor (i.e., locomotor, object control, and play skills) and two-factor (i.e., locomotor and object control) models showed a reasonable fit. The pictorial scales for Perceived Movement Skill Competence are valid and reliable for Iranian young children.

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Early Intervention Orientation and Mobility: A Delphi Study of the Content of the Birth to 6 Orientation and Mobility Skills Inventory (B6OMSI)

Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness ◽

10.1177/0145482x211047626 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0145482X2110476

Author(s):

Sarahelizabeth Baguhn

Keyword(s):

Early Intervention ◽

Young Children ◽

Content Validity ◽

Delphi Study ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Face Validity ◽

Background Information ◽

Future Research ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Orientation And Mobility

Introduction: The objective of this research was to identify the appropriate content for an orientation and mobility (O&M) assessment for young children. It is necessary to have a reliable and valid assessment tool to evaluate whether young children are making adequate gains in response to early intervention efforts in O&M. Very little literature exists on the O&M needs of children aged birth to 6 years because of the roots in adult rehabilitation of the field of O&M. Methods: A group of expert-level professionals in the field of early intervention O&M engaged in a consensus process to establish face validity and content validity of the assessment items, which was accomplished using a Delphi study to identify relevant topics for assessment as a first step in developing a research-based assessment tool. Cutoffs for agreement were established prior to analysis, with 90% consensus for face and content validity of a high-stakes assessment that allows the score on the assessment to serve as a snapshot of a child’s progress. Results: All skills and concepts on the assessment were validated, and seven new items were added. Discussion: The resultant assessment tool is comprehensive in measuring the areas of O&M for young children that specialists found useful for determining the need for services and monitoring progress, does not contain extraneous test questions, and can stand alone as a snapshot of student progress. One item was added to the background information portion of the assessment tool because of its usefulness to some practitioners despite a consensus level below 90%. Future research should seek to establish construct validity and reliability measures. Implications for practitioners: Orientation and mobility specialists can begin using the updated item tool with improved content validity available from the New Mexico School for the Blind website.

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Development of the Adult Pandemic Attitude Scale (A-PAS)

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18126311 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (12) ◽

pp. 6311

Author(s):

Mihyeon Seong ◽

Juyoung Park ◽

Soojin Chung ◽

Sohyune Sok

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Item Analysis ◽

Preliminary Investigation ◽

Attitude Scale ◽

Face Validity ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Five Dimensions ◽

Development Step

This study aimed to develop an instrument for measuring the attitudes that reflect the characteristics of the pandemic (Adult Pandemic Attitude Scale (A-PAS)) and verifying its validity and reliability. This study used a methodological research design and was conducted with a development step and an evaluation step. The development step included development of preliminary items, content validity, face validity, and preliminary investigation. The evaluation step included item analysis, construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, criterion validity, factor naming, reliability, and completion of the final instrument. The A-PAS developed in this study consisted of a total of 20 items in five dimensions. The internal consistency of 20 items of the A-PAS, Cronbach’s α was 0.92 for 20 items, Cronbach’s α for each factor, a subscale of instrument, was 0.61~0.87 and Raykov’s p coefficient of each factor, which is a subscale of the tool, was found to be 0.60 to 0.88. Analysis of construct validity showed the results as follows: χ2 (p) = 134.05 (p < 0.001), RMSEA = 0.02, RMR = 0.02, GFI = 0.94, CFI = 0.99. The study findings suggest that the developed instrument can be utilized to measure the attitudes of adults toward pandemics, and reflect the reality of the pandemic situation. The outcomes can be used as valuable data for intervention, prevention activities, and policy preparation. The instrument will be applied in the event of a pandemic, such as COVID-19, and will be helpful in promoting the health of the people.

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Validation of a social-cognitive theory-based tool for measuring factors influencing obesity prevention behaviors in 4-6 years old children using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)

10.53350/pjmhs211562025 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 2025-2030

Author(s):

Maryam Seraji ◽

Maryam Zahmatkeshan ◽

Victoria Momen Abadi ◽

Elham Nejadsadeghi

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Social Cognitive Theory ◽

Obesity Prevention ◽

Social Cognitive ◽

Cognitive Theory ◽

Child Obesity ◽

Face Validity ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Confirmatory Factor

Background: Child obesity is one of the main health problems all across the world, which leads to mental and physical health problems. Various models are used in designing intervention to prevent child obesity, one of which is social-cognitive theory (SCT). The constructs of social-cognitive theory are commonly used for designing preventive interventions. However, there is no specific tool based on the constructs of social-cognitive theory to assess the factors associated with child obesity. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and confirmatory factor analysis of a SCT-based questionnaire for assessing obesity preventing behaviors among 4-6 years old children. Method: A cross-sectional study was first conducted in 2016 on 240 preschool children aged 4-6 years in Behbahan city (a city in southwest Iran) to assess the obesity prevention behaviors among them using a SCT-based questionnaire. To investigate the validity and confirmatory factor analysis of the SCT-based questionnaire, content and face validity as well as forward-backward translation method were used. Reliability of the questionnaire was also measured by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Construct validity was assured by confirmatory factor analysis. To measure the obesity prevention behaviors in 4-6 years old children, the construct of SCT, including environment, emotional coping, outcome expectations, goal setting and self-efficacy were used. Also, the obesity prevention behaviors used in the model included physical activity, consumption of fruit and vegetable, consumption of sugar-free drinks, and screen. Results: Results of this study confirmed the acceptable content and face validity of the SCT-based questionnaire. The results of confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed the factor loading of more than 0.3 for all variables; therefore, the SCT-based questionnaire had an acceptable validity and reliability. Conclusions: Since the SCT-based questionnaire had an acceptable validity and reliability, it can be used to assess the obesity prevention behaviors in 4-6 year old children, and also to design relevant educational interventions. Keywords: Validation, Social-Cognitive Theory, Behavior, Childhood obesity, Preschool, Prevention

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A Systems Study on Interprofessional Collaboration in Healthcare

International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science ◽

10.4018/ijkss.2021070105 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 93-108

Author(s):

Hironobu Matsushita ◽

Carole Orchard ◽

Katsumi Fujitani ◽

Kaori Ichikawa

Keyword(s):

Interprofessional Collaboration ◽

Japanese Version ◽

Face Validity ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Alpha Coefficient ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Team Collaboration ◽

Interprofessional Team ◽

Excellent Internal Consistency ◽

Acute Healthcare

This study aims to translate and adapt the Assessment of Interprofessional Team Collaboration Scale II (AITCS-II) cross-culturally for effective and systemic use in Japan, to describe floor and ceiling values, and to examine in terms of such criteria as reliability and face and content validity. The AITCS-II was translated from English into Japanese to develop the Japanese version of the Assessment of Interprofessional Team Collaboration Scale II (hereinafter referred to AITCS-II-J). Then, cross-sectional and cross-professional data analyses were carried out to seek evidence of construct validity. Analysis demonstrated good content and face validity. With a Cronbach's alpha coefficient greater than 0.9 (r varied from 0.912 to 0.940), the AITCS-II-J exhibited excellent internal consistency. The AITCS-II-J showed evidence of acceptable validity and reliability; therefore, this measurement system will be useful for informing the enhancement of interprofessional team collaboration within the Japanese acute healthcare context.

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A Five-Stage Process for Establishing Contextually Valid Systematic Observation Instruments: The Case of Rugby Union

The Sport Psychologist ◽

10.1123/tsp.16.2.138 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 138-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Clive J. Brewer ◽

Robyn L. Jones

Keyword(s):

Interobserver Agreement ◽

Rugby Union ◽

Face Validity ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Systematic Observation ◽

Observation Instrument ◽

Observation Instruments ◽

Elite Level ◽

Stage Process ◽

Reliability Check

The purpose of this paper is to propose a five-stage process for establishing both validity and reliability in new systematic observation instruments. The process is contextualized within the working behaviors of elite level rugby union coaches within the practice setting. The sequential stages began with observer training and progressed through the identification of coaching behaviors through induction (to establish content validity), to establishing face validity through a domain-referenced test. The objectivity and reliability of the developed behavioral classifications are determined through an interobserver agreement test while, finally, the researcher’s ability to reliably reproduce data with the developed instrument is determined using a test/retest intraobserver reliability check. The developed instrument (the Rugby Union Coaches Observation Instrument: RUCOI) is deemed able to record the situationally unique behaviors arising from the nature of the sport and of the elite standard, both of which were considered to impinge upon the pedagogical process in the said context.

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Designing a Comprehensive Pattern of Structural-Psychological Empowerment for Employees of Medical Sciences Universities

Galen Medical Journal ◽

10.31661/gmj.v8i0.1486 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. e1486

Author(s):

Nayereh Sadat Roohollahi ◽

Iravan Masoudi Asl ◽

Somayeh Hessam ◽

Mahmoud Mahmodi

Keyword(s):

Internal Consistency ◽

Cultural Context ◽

Psychological Empowerment ◽

Face Validity ◽

Exploratory Research ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Significance Level ◽

Self Sufficiency ◽

Bachelor's Degrees

Background: The concept of empowerment requires the abandonment of traditional models. The need to design and develop employee empowerment patterns has been emphasized in several studies. The present study aims to design a comprehensive structural-psychological empowerment pattern for employees of medical sciences universities. Materials and Methods: Our exploratory research was conducted on 410 employees of medical universities of Tehran, Iran, and Islamic Azad University. Firstly, a primary pattern was designed according to a review of available literature, texts, patterns, and tools. Then, the psychometric analysis was done using validation (face validity, content validity, construct validity, factor validity) and reliability (internal consistency and stability). Lastly, the final pattern was introduced after having been approved by experts. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 and AMOS software. P<0.05 was considered as the significance level. Results: Based on our study, 83.9% of participants were holders of bachelor's degrees or higher degrees. The results of validation (face, content, structure, and confirmation validity) and reliability (internal consistency [α=0.90] and stability [0.91] ) showed that the structural-psychological empowerment pattern was appropriate, which was validated with 31 items and 8 domains. The scope of this pattern included resources, self-sufficiency, competence, support, effectiveness, and opportunity, significance, and information domains. The highest impact on the model was related to the support domain (impact factor=0.87). Conclusion: The present pattern is an appropriate and verified Iranian model in the field of structural-psychological empowerment, which is suggested in the cultural context of Iran, especially in medical universities.[GMJ.2019;8:e1486]

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Validity and Reliability of the Scale, Role Taking in Caregivers of People with Chronic Disease, ROL

International Archives of Medicine ◽

10.3823/2575 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Mauricio Arias ◽

Sonia Carreño ◽

Lorena Chaparro

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Chronic Disease ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Content Validity ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Face Validity ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Role Taking ◽

Phase Study

Objective: To determine face, content, and construct validity, and internal consistency of ROL scale. Methods and Findings: A three-phase study was conducted. First, content analysis of the scale was carried out consulting 10 professional experts. Then, face validity was analyzed with 60 caregivers. Finally, construct validity was evaluated by performing an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with 110 participants. Internal consistency of ROL scale was also assessed. Face validity of ROL scale reached a high acceptance index in three dimensions: role performance (0.97), role organization (0.98), and response to the role (0.98). Content validity showed coherence, clarity, and relevance of the scale. From factor analysis, three components emerged and were grouped in the same manner for varimax, quartimax, and equimax rotations. Cronbach's alpha was 0.816, which is an acceptable overall value. Conclusion: ROL scale makes objective the concept of role taking in family caregivers of people with chronic disease. It demonstrated to have acceptable reliability, and construct, face, and content validity to be used in the Colombian context. Keywords: Validation Study, Caregivers, Health Transitions, Chronic Disease.

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