Development of the Adult Pandemic Attitude Scale (A-PAS)

This study aimed to develop an instrument for measuring the attitudes that reflect the characteristics of the pandemic (Adult Pandemic Attitude Scale (A-PAS)) and verifying its validity and reliability. This study used a methodological research design and was conducted with a development step and an evaluation step. The development step included development of preliminary items, content validity, face validity, and preliminary investigation. The evaluation step included item analysis, construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, criterion validity, factor naming, reliability, and completion of the final instrument. The A-PAS developed in this study consisted of a total of 20 items in five dimensions. The internal consistency of 20 items of the A-PAS, Cronbach’s α was 0.92 for 20 items, Cronbach’s α for each factor, a subscale of instrument, was 0.61~0.87 and Raykov’s p coefficient of each factor, which is a subscale of the tool, was found to be 0.60 to 0.88. Analysis of construct validity showed the results as follows: χ2 (p) = 134.05 (p < 0.001), RMSEA = 0.02, RMR = 0.02, GFI = 0.94, CFI = 0.99. The study findings suggest that the developed instrument can be utilized to measure the attitudes of adults toward pandemics, and reflect the reality of the pandemic situation. The outcomes can be used as valuable data for intervention, prevention activities, and policy preparation. The instrument will be applied in the event of a pandemic, such as COVID-19, and will be helpful in promoting the health of the people.

Download Full-text

Construct Validity and Reliability of the Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale for American, Japanese, and Korean Women

Research and Theory for Nursing Practice ◽

10.1891/1541-6577.31.4.349 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 349-363

Author(s):

Denise M. Saint Arnault ◽

Moonhee Gang ◽

Seoyoon Woo

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Help Seeking ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Item Analysis ◽

The United States ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Cross Sectional

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale (BMI) across women from the United States, Japan, and South Korea. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed. The sample was 564 women aged 21–64 years old who were recruited in the United States and Korea (American = 127, Japanese immigrants in the United States = 204, and Korean = 233). We carried out item analysis, construct validity by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and internal consistency using SPSS Version 22 and AMOS Version 22. Results: An acceptable model fit for a 20-item BMI (Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale–Revised [BMI-R]) with 3 factors was confirmed using CFA. Construct validity of the BMI-R showed to be all acceptable; convergent validity (average variance extracted [AVE] ≥0.5, construct reliability [CR] ≥0.7) and discriminant validity (r = .65–.89, AVE >.79). The Cronbach’s alpha of the BMI-R was .92. Conclusion: These results showed that the BMI was a reliable tool to study beliefs about mental illness across cultures. Our findings also suggested that continued efforts to reduce stigma in culturally specific contexts within and between countries are necessary to promote help-seeking for those suffering from psychological distress.

Download Full-text

Construct Validity and Internal Consistency of the Catalan Version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in Young People With Chronic Pain

Evaluation & the Health Professions ◽

10.1177/0163278718820410 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 213-221

Author(s):

Elena Castarlenas ◽

Ester Solé ◽

Santiago Galán ◽

Mélanie Racine ◽

Mark P. Jensen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Young People ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Internal Consistency Reliability ◽

Validity And Reliability

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the construct validity and reliability of the Catalan version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) in a sample of young people with chronic pain. Two hundred twenty-seven young people with chronic pain (age range = 12–24 years, mean age = 17.87 years, SD = 3.08 years) participated in this study. The findings support a one-factor structure of the PSEQ, and the scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency reliability in our sample. In addition, convergent validity was supported by a loading of average variance extracted (AVE) greater than .50, and discriminant validity was supported by the finding that self-efficacy and pain-related anxiety AVEs were greater than the shared variance between both constructs. Further support for the measure’s construct validity was shown by (1) significant and positive associations between PSEQ scores and adaptive coping strategies and (2) negative and significant associations between PSEQ scores and maladaptive coping strategies and catastrophizing thoughts. The results of this study indicate that the Catalan version of the PSEQ is reliable and valid when used to assess pain self-efficacy beliefs in young people with chronic pain.

Download Full-text

Testing the Construct Validity and Reliability of Curiosity Scale Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Journal of Educational and Social Research ◽

10.36941/jesr-2020-0080 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 229

Author(s):

Heronemus Sujati ◽

Sajidan ◽

Muhammad Akhyar ◽

Gunarhadi

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Elementary Student ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Random Samples ◽

Confirmatory Factor

Curiosity is one of the important characters that should be acquired by every elementary student in Indonesia. Currently, a standardized instrument to measure the student’s curiosity has not yet available. This study aims to test the construct validity and reliability of the developed curiosity scale. The research involved 300 random samples from 565 students of the fifth grade of elementary school in Ngaglik district of Sleman region, in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The data was analyzed with the second order confirmatory factor analysis using LISREL 8.80 software. The results show that the developed curiosity scale had fulfilled the criteria of goodness of fit, convergent validity, discriminant validity, construct reliability and omega composite reliability. Therefore, the developed scale was feasible to use.

Download Full-text

PENGEMBANGAN SKALA LOCUS OF CONTROL

Jurnal Riset Manajemen dan Bisnis (JRMB) Fakultas Ekonomi UNIAT ◽

10.36226/jrmb.v2i3.76 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 417-424

Author(s):

Hendryadi Hendryadi

Keyword(s):

Locus Of Control ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Short Form ◽

Employee Selection ◽

Future Research ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Control Scale ◽

Two Stages

This article aims to develop a short form of the locus of control scale. The study was conducted in two stages: a study of 66 respondents as pilot testing which aims to test content validity, structure validity, and internal consistency. Study 2 was conducted on 328 respondents used to test the validity and reliability of the scale evaluated by the PLS-SEM method (such as internal consistency, convergent validity, and discriminant validity). The analysis concludes that the 8-item locus of control scales tested have adequate validity and reliability. A short form locus of control scale was developed and validated in this study, so it can be used in future research and evaluation for HR management practitioners in employee selection Keywords: locus of control, EFA, CFA, scale construction

Download Full-text

An empirically verified project risk maturity model

International Journal of Managing Projects in Business ◽

10.1108/ijmpb-03-2013-0015 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 263-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Budi Hartono ◽

Deo F.N. Wijaya ◽

Hilya M. Arini

Keyword(s):

Construction Industry ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Face Validity ◽

Maturity Model ◽

Maturity Level ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Project Risk ◽

Content Type ◽

Risk Maturity

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop and to empirically verify a model of project risk management maturity (PRMM). Design/methodology/approach – Theoretical work to develop the initial model of risk maturity. Empirical study by a cross-sectional survey to the Indonesian construction industry. Findings – A new model of PRMM is developed and empirically tested. The model is valid (face validity, content validity, discriminant validity, convergent validity, and criterion validity) and reliable. Research limitations/implications – A more comprehensive, follow-up study is required to gain more insights on the actual maturity level of Indonesian construction industry. Practical implications – The model is applicable to assess the organizational maturity level which in turn could be used for improving organization performance. Originality/value – The work demonstrates a novel approach in developing models by emphasizing on the empirical verification.

Download Full-text

A psychometric evaluation of the job crafting questionnaire (JCRQ) among employees working in Jordanian universities

International Journal of Organizational Analysis ◽

10.1108/ijoa-05-2017-1173 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 36-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mohammed Yasin Ghadi

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Factor Model ◽

Five Factor Model ◽

Psychometric Evaluation ◽

Job Crafting ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Type ◽

Five Dimensions ◽

Cross Sectional Design

Purpose Job crafting is recently argued to have five dimensions (Nielsen et al., 2017): increasing challenging demands, decreasing social demands, increasing social job resources, increasing quantitative demands and decreasing hindrance demands. The purpose of this study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties and construct validity of the five-factor model of job crafting, introduced by using a sample of Jordanian university employees. Design/methodology/approach A pre-determined survey on was used. Accordingly, 513 professional workers in several universities completed the survey. Cronbach’s alpha was used to assess the internal consistency of the scale, whereas series of confirmatory factor (CFA) analysis and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were conducted to assess the scale’s factorial and discriminant validity. Other tests were also conducted. Findings As predicted, the proposed model best fit the data. Statistical analysis yielded several findings. First, the results of the reliability test revealed that the five sub-scales of job crafting had significant and sufficiently strong internal consistencies. Second, the results showed that the 15 items loaded significantly with a factor loadings more than 0.50. Third, the CFA results confirmed that the five-factor model best fitted the data in comparison to the one-factor model. Finally, the construct validity of JCRQ-15 was confirmed through its correlation with several validating variables. Research limitations/implications Some limitations need to be addressed. First, the sample came from participants working in specific Jordanian universities which may limit the generalization that could be made from the results to other occupations. Second, due to the cross-sectional design of the present study, the question remains whether the JCRQ-15 are stable overtime. Third, the common methods bias might be a problem because it is one of the main sources of measurement error in validation studies using self-reported scales. Originality/value The present study provided an early supportive evidence for the use of the JCRQ-15 as a valid measure of job crafting in the Jordanian context.

Download Full-text

Validity and Reliability of the Scale, Role Taking in Caregivers of People with Chronic Disease, ROL

International Archives of Medicine ◽

10.3823/2575 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Mauricio Arias ◽

Sonia Carreño ◽

Lorena Chaparro

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Chronic Disease ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Content Validity ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Face Validity ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Role Taking ◽

Phase Study

Objective: To determine face, content, and construct validity, and internal consistency of ROL scale. Methods and Findings: A three-phase study was conducted. First, content analysis of the scale was carried out consulting 10 professional experts. Then, face validity was analyzed with 60 caregivers. Finally, construct validity was evaluated by performing an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with 110 participants. Internal consistency of ROL scale was also assessed. Face validity of ROL scale reached a high acceptance index in three dimensions: role performance (0.97), role organization (0.98), and response to the role (0.98). Content validity showed coherence, clarity, and relevance of the scale. From factor analysis, three components emerged and were grouped in the same manner for varimax, quartimax, and equimax rotations. Cronbach's alpha was 0.816, which is an acceptable overall value. Conclusion: ROL scale makes objective the concept of role taking in family caregivers of people with chronic disease. It demonstrated to have acceptable reliability, and construct, face, and content validity to be used in the Colombian context. Keywords: Validation Study, Caregivers, Health Transitions, Chronic Disease.

Download Full-text

DARBUOTOJŲ PSICHOLOGINIS ĮGALINIMAS: LIETUVIŠKOJO TYRIMO METODO PSICHOMETRINĖS CHARAKTERISTIKOS

Psichologija ◽

10.15388/psichol.2013.47.1406 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 44-60

Author(s):

M. Tvarijonavičius ◽

D. Bagdžiūnienė

Keyword(s):

Intrinsic Motivation ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Psychological Empowerment ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Future Research ◽

Internal Reliability ◽

Five Dimensions ◽

Motivation Scale

Straipsnyje analizuojama darbuotojų psichologinio įgalinimo problema, pristatomas lietuviškas psichologinio įgalinimo vertinimo klausimynas ir jo psichometrinės charakteristikos. Metodas parengtas dviem etapais, naudojant empirinę skalių konstravimo strategiją. Pirmajame etape, taikant grupinio interviu ir ekspertinio vertinimo metodus, parengti psichologinio įgalinimo vertinimo teiginiai. Antrajame etape atliktas empirinis tyrimas (dalyvavo 189 tiriamieji, reprezentuojantys 8 Lietuvos organizacijas). Remiantis jo rezultatais parengtas lietuviškas psichologinio įgalinimo vertinimo klausimynas. Tiriamosios faktorių analizės metodu išskirti penki faktoriai: prasmė, entuziazmas, sprendimų priėmimas, autonomija ir pasitikėjimas kompetencija. Klausimynas pasižymi dideliu vidiniu patikimumu (bendras Cronbacho α = 0,909, atskirų subskalių nuo 0,755 iki 0,880), dideliu konvergentiniu ir diskriminantiniu konstrukto validumu tiek viso klausimyno, tiek atskirų penkių skalių lygmeniu.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: psichologinis įgalinimas, psichologinio įgalinimo klausimynas, patikimumas, validumas.EMPLOYEE PSYCHOLOGICAL EMPOWERMENT: PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE LITHUANIAN QUESTIONNAIREMantas Tvarijonavičius, Dalia Bagdžiūnienė SummaryEmployee psychological empowerment is treated as a multidimensional construct manifesting in several dimensions. It has been researched for several decades using various scales depending on the definition of psychological empowerment chosen by a reasercher. However, there is a lack of widely applicable, compact instruments for a reliable and valid assessment of psychological empowerment. Furthermore, there has been a lack of empowerment research in Lithuania. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to construct a Lithuanian psychological empowerment questionnaire and to evaluate its psychometric properties (reliability and validity).The strategy of the empirical construction of a questionnaire was used. At first, statements to describe the concept of psychological empowerment were generated, using group interviews and expert evaluation. Fifteen final items were included into the Lithuanian Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire (LPEQ). Then, an empirical research was performed: 189 respondents from 8 organizations filled up the LPEQ, G.M. Spreizer (1995) Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire (PEQ), B. E. Ashforth (1990) Helplessness Scale, Intrinsic Motivation Scale (Warr et al., 1979), and socio-demografic questions.The results of the study have revealed that the LPEQ has a high internal reliability (Cronbach α = 0.909). Five factors were extracted using the exploratoryfactor analysis, three items each. Psychological empowerment was defined based on five dimensions: meaning, enthusiasm, decision making, authonomy, and trust in competence. The Cronbach α was between 0.755 and 0.880 for the dimension level. These five dimensions show support for the existing models of psychological empowerment (Spreitzer, 1995; Menon, 2001), but also they supplement these models with for instance, the dimension of enthusiasm.The convergent validity of the LPEQ was confirmed by strong correlations (p < 0.01) between the LPEQ and the PEQ subscales, and the Intrinsic Motivation Scale. It was supported by a negative correlation between the LPEQ subscales and the Helplessness Scale. Based on the analysis of correlations, the discriminant validity of the LPEQ dimensions’ levels was confirmed.In conclusion, the Lithuanian Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire (LPEQ) can be characterized as an instrument with appropriate psychometricproperties for the use in research and practice. Directions for the future research in the field have been offered.Key words: psychological empowerment, psychological empowerment questionnaire, reliability, validity.

Download Full-text

Customer Satisfaction via Service Quality Dimensions

Web-Based Services ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-9466-8.ch081 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 1829-1846

Author(s):

Gyaneshwar Singh Kushwaha ◽

Shiv Ratan Agrawal

Keyword(s):

Customer Satisfaction ◽

Service Quality ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Future Research ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Quality Dimensions ◽

Service Quality Dimensions ◽

Improve Service Quality ◽

The Relationship

The purpose of the study is to measure the customer satisfaction via service quality dimensions as a whole and individually in the context of stock broking services. A non probability convenient sampling approach has been used in the study. Respondents have been restricted to those who have the experience of trading in stock market through stock brokers. The sample consisted of 229 valid individual customers from Bhopal (MP), India through structured self-administrated questionnaire. Convergent validity, discriminant validity and reliability of the collected data were measured before testing of the research model. An exploratory factor analysis has been conducted using principal components analysis to determine the dimensions of financial service quality. A linear regression was performed to test the relationship between the service quality dimensions and customer satisfaction. The findings suggest that service quality as a whole and individually have a significant impact on customer satisfaction. The results of the study provide useful information for managers to improve service quality which leads to customer satisfaction. The findings were solely on stock broking services from Bhopal (MP) in India which impacts its generalisability. Replication of the present study might be required in other stock broking markets, to improve generalisability using larger samples. Another potential area for future research could be the link between service quality dimensions, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty and customer retention at stock broking services. The study is important considering the economic advantages of satisfying and retaining current customers as opposed to seeking for new customers which is essential in stock broking services. The paper contributes to the literature on stock broking services in India.

Download Full-text