One-year sobriety improves satisfaction with life, executive functions and psychological distress among patients with polysubstance use disorder

Recent studies suggest that the developmental curves in adolescence, related to the development of executive functions, could be fitted to a non-linear trajectory of development with progressions and retrogressions. Therefore, the present study proposes to analyze the pattern of development in Perceptual Inhibition (PI), considering all stages of adolescence (early, middle, and late) in intervals of one year. To this aim, we worked with a sample of 275 participants between 10 and 25 years, who performed a joint visual and search task (to measure PI). We have fitted ex-Gaussian functions to the probability distributions of the mean response time across the sample and performed a covariance analysis (ANCOVA). The results showed that the 10- to 13-year-old groups performed similarly in the task and differ from the 14- to 19-year-old participants. We found significant differences between the older group and all the rest of the groups. We discuss the important changes that can be observed in relation to the nonlinear trajectory of development that would show the PI during adolescence.

Download Full-text

Psychological distress and coping styles in teachers: A preliminary study

Australian Journal of Education ◽

10.1177/0004944120908960 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 127-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Peta Stapleton ◽

Sarah Garby ◽

Debbie Sabot

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Online Survey ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Coping Styles ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Empirical Measures ◽

Brief Cope

Teaching professionals report higher levels of work-related stress and symptoms of psychological health problems than the general population. This study examined psychological distress, coping styles and wellbeing in 166 Australian teachers (aged 22–65 years; M = 37.74 years, SD = 10.84 years). Participants completed an online survey comprising demographic items and four empirical measures (The Satisfaction with Life Scale, Subjective Happiness Scale, The Brief COPE Inventory and The Patient Health Questionnaire). Work, workload and finances were identified as leading sources of stress. Moreover, above-average clinical symptoms of anxiety, depression and physical concerns were reported, and 17% of respondents met criteria for probable alcohol dependence. Results suggested that maladaptive coping strategies employed by teachers may contribute to their risk of increased psychological distress, and decreased life satisfaction and happiness. These findings indicate the need for work-based programmes to enhance teachers’ coping strategies in an effort to reduce psychological distress and improve overall wellbeing in teaching professionals.

Download Full-text

Social Cognition, Executive Functions and Self-Report of Psychological Distress in Huntington’s Disease

PLoS Currents ◽

10.1371/currents.hd.bba3a680813122013e6d3e8a144c1da8 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ida Unmack Larsen ◽

Tua Vinther-Jensen ◽

Jørgen Erik Nielsen ◽

Asmus Vogel ◽

Anders Gade

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Social Cognition ◽

Executive Functions ◽

Huntington's Disease ◽

Huntington’S Disease ◽

Self Report

Download Full-text

A Clinical Trial of Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Psychiatric Comorbidity and Quality of Life with Cancer Patients during Chemotherapy (CPdC)

10.21203/rs.3.rs-864827/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qasir Abbas ◽

Nimra Arooj ◽

Khawer Bilal Baig ◽

Muhammad Umer Khan ◽

Muhammad Khalid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Clinical Trial ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Death Anxiety ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Mean Difference

Abstract BackgroundCancer is a worldwide common illness, it evokes psychological distress at different stages, during chemotherapy patient perceives a variety of psychiatric symptoms due to various medication side-effects and psychological distress. Studies have shown a significant impact of CBT in the management of psychiatric symptoms during chemotherapy. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of CBT for depression, anxiety, stress, death anxiety, satisfaction with life, and self-esteem among cancer patients during chemotherapy (CPdC).MethodsPlace and duration of the study: Department of Applied Psychology, Government College University Faisalabad in collaboration with Department of Oncology, Allied Hospital Faisalabad from November 20, 2020 and July 31, 2021. A total of 90 cancer patients were enrolled. 70 out of 90 met the eligibility criteria and 60 participants fulfilled all requirements. Participants were randomly allocated to four different groups. The pre-assessment screening was started along with the first trial of chemotherapy. The CBT-based treatment plan was formulated and one session per week was given to each patient for 3 to 4months. Participants’ age range was 18–65 years (M ± SD = 47.51 ± 12.36. Demographic form, DASS, DAS, SWLS, and RSES measures were used. Descriptive, t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA statistics were used to investigate the findings.ResultsResults indicated significant mean difference on the variable of depression, anxiety and stress across four conditions (i.e. F (2, 56) = 39.55, p < .000, η2 = .679; F(2,56) = 73.32, p < .000, η2 = .797; F(2,56) = 119.77, p < .000, η2 = .865 respectively). On death anxiety significant difference across four conditions was found (F (2,56) = 22.71, p < .000, η2 = .549) with large effect size. Furthermore, findings indicated significant mean difference on the variable of satisfaction with life and self-esteem across four conditions was found (F(2,56) = 22.05, p < .000, η2 = .542; F(2,56) = 36.19, p < .000, η2 = .660) with large effect size.ConclusionIt is concluded that CBT played a very effective role to reduce depression, anxiety, and stress-related psychiatric symptoms. CBT reduces the level of death anxiety and improving the quality of life and level of self-esteem among CPdC.Trial Registration: The study trial was registered in the Thai Clinical Trial Registry-TCTR (TCTR20201113002).

Download Full-text

Persistent psychological distress in resettled refugee women-at-risk at one-year follow-up: Contributions of trauma, post-migration problems, loss, and trust

Transcultural Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/1363461520965110 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 136346152096511

Author(s):

Lyn Vromans ◽

Robert D. Schweitzer ◽

Mark Brough ◽

Mary Asic Kobe ◽

Ignacio Correa-Velez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Somatic Symptoms ◽

Initial Assessment ◽

Community Members ◽

Refugee Women ◽

Distress Level ◽

One Year ◽

Refugee Literature

The mental health of women has been largely neglected in the refugee literature, notwithstanding the specific gender-related issues that confront women seeking asylum. Furthermore, a specific category of women, deemed to be women-at-risk, face particular challenges in their journey and resettlement process. This longitudinal study investigated psychological distress in refugee women-at-risk one year after resettlement in Australia. Follow-up survey of 83 women-at-risk (mean age = 33.41 years; SD = 11.93) assessed: trauma events and symptoms; loss events and loss distress; level of post-migration problems; anxiety, depression, and somatic symptoms; and absence of trust in community members. Participants demonstrated no symptom change since initial assessment ( p > .05). Substantial proportions of women reported traumatization (39%), PTSD (20%), anxiety (32%), and depression (39%) above clinical cut-offs, and high levels of somatization and loss distress. Post-migration problems, trauma events, and region of birth were associated with all symptoms, with post-migration problems the strongest predictor. Absence of trust in community members was associated with trauma, depression, and somatic symptoms. Initial trauma and somatic symptoms were associated with follow-up traumatic and somatic symptoms. Loss and trauma events were associated with loss distress. Findings underline the role of post-migration problems on psychological distress and the need to consider women’s psychological wellbeing in the context of their trauma and loss history, potential impacts of ethnicity, and complex socio-cultural dynamics underpinning issues of trust within communities. Effective service delivery requires that practitioners screen for and address psychological distress in women-at-risk at least up to 18 months after resettlement.

Download Full-text

Psychological distress one year after childbirth: A cross-cultural comparison between France, Italy and Quebec

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/13.3.218 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 218-225 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

C. Des Rivieres-Pigeon

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Cultural Comparison ◽

Cross Cultural Comparison ◽

One Year

Download Full-text

Does disability modify the relationship between labour force status and psychological distress among young people?

Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1136/oemed-2020-107149 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. oemed-2020-107149

Author(s):

Marissa Shields ◽

Stefanie Dimov ◽

Tania L King ◽

Allison Milner ◽

Anne Kavanagh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Young People ◽

Labour Force ◽

Poor Mental Health ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Labour Force Status ◽

Disability Status ◽

Effect Measure Modification ◽

One Year ◽

The Relationship

ObjectiveTo examine the association between labour force status, including young people who were unemployed and having problems looking for work, and psychological distress one year later. We then assessed whether this association is modified by disability status.MethodsWe used three waves of cohort data from the Longitudinal Surveys of Australian Youth. We fitted logistic regression models to account for confounders of the relationship between labour force status (employed, not in the labour force, unemployed and having problems looking for work) at age 21 years and psychological distress at age 22 years. We then estimated whether this association was modified by disability status at age 21 years.ResultsBeing unemployed and having problems looking for work at age 21 years was associated with odds of psychological distress that were 2.48 (95% CI 1.95 to 3.14) times higher than employment. There was little evidence for additive effect measure modification of this association by disability status (2.52, 95% CI −1.21 to 6.25).ConclusionsYoung people who were unemployed and having problems looking for work had increased odds of poor mental health. Interventions should focus on addressing the difficulties young people report when looking for work, with a particular focus on supporting those young people facing additional barriers to employment such as young people with disabilities.

Download Full-text

One-year cyclophosphamide treatment combined with methylprednisolone improves cognitive dysfunction in progressive forms of multiple sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1191/1352458505ms1172sr ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 360-363 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

H Zéphir ◽

J de Seze ◽

K Dujardin ◽

G Dubois ◽

M Cabaret ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Executive Functions ◽

Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Mechanisms Of Action ◽

Cognitive Efficiency ◽

Secondary Progressive ◽

Before And After ◽

Cyclophosphamide Treatment ◽

One Year ◽

Positive Effect

We conducted an evaluation of changes in cognition in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) patients receiving monthly intravenously pulse of cyclophosphamide (700 mg/m2) with methylprednisolone (1 g). Twenty-eight consecutive progressive MS patients (10 primary progressive, 18 secondary progressive MS) were evaluated before and after six and 12 months of treatment. The WAIS-R score, memory and executive functions were evaluated. Under treatment we found a significant improvement in global cognitive efficiency, encoding abilities, planning abilities and inhibition after six and 12 months. However, mechanisms of action of the positive effect of these anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive treatments on cognition remain unclear.

Download Full-text