scholarly journals Persistent psychological distress in resettled refugee women-at-risk at one-year follow-up: Contributions of trauma, post-migration problems, loss, and trust

2020 ◽  
pp. 136346152096511
Author(s):  
Lyn Vromans ◽  
Robert D. Schweitzer ◽  
Mark Brough ◽  
Mary Asic Kobe ◽  
Ignacio Correa-Velez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Refugee Women ◽  
Distress Level ◽  
One Year ◽  
Refugee Literature

The mental health of women has been largely neglected in the refugee literature, notwithstanding the specific gender-related issues that confront women seeking asylum. Furthermore, a specific category of women, deemed to be women-at-risk, face particular challenges in their journey and resettlement process. This longitudinal study investigated psychological distress in refugee women-at-risk one year after resettlement in Australia. Follow-up survey of 83 women-at-risk (mean age = 33.41 years; SD = 11.93) assessed: trauma events and symptoms; loss events and loss distress; level of post-migration problems; anxiety, depression, and somatic symptoms; and absence of trust in community members. Participants demonstrated no symptom change since initial assessment ( p > .05). Substantial proportions of women reported traumatization (39%), PTSD (20%), anxiety (32%), and depression (39%) above clinical cut-offs, and high levels of somatization and loss distress. Post-migration problems, trauma events, and region of birth were associated with all symptoms, with post-migration problems the strongest predictor. Absence of trust in community members was associated with trauma, depression, and somatic symptoms. Initial trauma and somatic symptoms were associated with follow-up traumatic and somatic symptoms. Loss and trauma events were associated with loss distress. Findings underline the role of post-migration problems on psychological distress and the need to consider women’s psychological wellbeing in the context of their trauma and loss history, potential impacts of ethnicity, and complex socio-cultural dynamics underpinning issues of trust within communities. Effective service delivery requires that practitioners screen for and address psychological distress in women-at-risk at least up to 18 months after resettlement.

The Outcome of Severe Acute Schizophrenic Illnesses After One Year

1979 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eve C. Johnstone ◽  
C. D. Frith ◽  
Aviva Gold ◽  
Marilyn Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Acute Illness ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Poor Outcome ◽  
One Year ◽  
Psychological Features

SummaryForty-five patients with acute schizophrenic illnesses (defined by PSE criteria) were assessed in clinical, cognitive and social terms before being entered in a four week study of the isomers of flupenthixol and placebo. At the end of one year they were re-assessed in the same terms. The clinical and psychological features of the acute illness and the drug treatment given did not predict outcome. Poor outcome in social terms was significantly related to severe social isolation in the initial assessment and to the presence of nuclear symptoms and negative schizophrenic features at follow-up.

Effectiveness of psychological distress reduction with cognitive behavioral therapy for oncological patients: A one-year follow-up study.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 11624-11624
Author(s):  
Alessandro Rossi ◽  
Maria Marconi ◽  
Stefania Mannarini ◽  
India Minelli ◽  
Monica Anderboni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Chemotherapy Treatment ◽  
Psychological Suffering ◽  
Oncological Patients ◽  
One Year

11624 Background: Distress has a negative impact on medical treatment (Di Matteo, Lepper & Croghan, 2006) and it is considered one of the most important indexes of psychological suffering in oncological patients (NCCN, 2015). Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the long term effectiveness of brief Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for patients with cancer (CBT-C) compared with a control group (CG) of oncological patients without any psychotherapy intervention - at one year after a chemotherapy treatment. Methods: Participants ( n = 80; mean age = 63.3, SD = 13.4; 54 female) enrolled at the Oncology Day Hospital at the “Presidio Ospedaliero” of Saronno, ASST Valle Olona, Italy who undertook (CBT-C: n = 40) or non-undertook (CG: n = 40) a psychotherapy intervention. Individual psychotherapy sessions strictly followed the IPOS guidelines (Watson & Kissane, 2017). Participants were tested with the Psychological distress Inventory (PDI) at the baseline (T1; Cronbach α = .88) at the end of the chemotherapy treatment (T2; Cronbach α = .87), at the end of the psychotherapy intervention (T3; Cronbach α = .88), 6-month follow-up (T4; Cronbach α = .85), and 1-year follow-up (T5; Cronbach α = .84). Results: Multilevel growth curve modeling – controlling for age, number of sessions, type and localization of tumor – showed a sharper reduction of distress for CBT-C participants that continue after posttreatment until 1-year follow-up ( p < .001); whereas for CG participants it reduced more gradually from pretreatment to 1-year follow-up ( p < .001). The results revealed a significant difference between the linear slopes for each treatment condition ( p < .001). The overall Hedges’ g comparing the two groups for distress reduction between pretreatment and 1-year follow-up was 2.14 (p < .001) in favor of CBT-C. Conclusions: Given that psychological distress occurs frequently among oncological patients this study is into an important area of study. Results suggest that CBT-C is statistically and clinically effective in treating psychological distress 1 year after the chemotherapy treatment. These findings revealed a kind of long-term effectiveness psychological intervention able both to reduce psychological suffering and improve a better quality of life in oncological settings.

The effectiveness of telepsychiatry measured using the Health of the Nation Outcome Scale and the Mental Health Inventory

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Kennedy ◽  
Peter Yellowlees
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcome ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Outcome Scores ◽  
The Face ◽  
One Year

In a telepsychiatry project in rural Queensland, data were collected from 124 patients attending hospital and general practice facilities for mental health-care and then again at follow-up one year later. Thirty-two of the patients were dealt with using telepsychiatry. Two health status scales were used to measure effectiveness: the Health of the Nation Outcome Scale (HoNOS), administered by the practitioners; and the Mental Health Inventory (MHI), which was self-administered by the patients. There was a significant difference between the initial assessment and follow-up groups on most subscales of the HoNOS, but no significant difference between the face-to-face and telepsychiatry groups. Similarly, the MHI results showed a significant difference on all subscales between the initial assessment and follow-up groups, but no significant difference between the face-to-face and telepsychiatry groups. Individuals who used and did not use telepsychiatry all had improved health outcome scores on the HoNOS and MHI during the study period. Telepsychiatry was as effective as face-to-face care.

P4653A natural history of carcinoid heart disease in the modern management era

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Baron ◽  
C Szymanski ◽  
C Lepere ◽  
H Mustafic ◽  
O Dubourg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumor ◽  
Cardiac Involvement ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Carcinoid Heart Disease ◽  
Echocardiographic Examination ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background The development of carcinoid heart disease (CaHD) is still relatively unknown at present. It is difficult to define an optimal follow-up for patients initially free from cardiac involvement. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and the evolution of CaHD using annual echocardiographic follow-up. Methods We reviewed from our database 137 patients (61±12 years, 53% men) with histologically proven neuroendocrine tumor between 1997 and 2017. All patients underwent serial conventional transthoracic echocardiographic studies. Right-sided and left-sided CaHD were systematically assessed. We used a previous validated echocardiographic scoring system of severity for the assessment of CHD. An increase of 25% of the score was considered as significant. Results Mean follow-up was 2.6±3.5 years [0; 16]. Prevalence of CaHD was 27% (37 pts) at baseline and 36% (49 pts) at the end of follow-up. Among patients with initial CaHD followed for more than one year, disease progression was observed in 28% of cases. Among the patients free from initial cardiac involvement, an onset of the disease was observed during follow-up in 21% of cases. The onset of CHD could be very late, more than 5 years from the initial echocardiographic examination in 42% of our cases (Figure). This late occurrence of CaHD was only observed in patients presenting with new resumption of neuroendocrine tumor (symptoms, increased of 5-HIAA, occurrence of new metastasis). Conclusion Our study demonstrated that in patients without initial CaHD, cardiac involvement may occur tardily after a normal initial assessment. Our data suggest the need for prolonged echocardiographic follow-up in patients presenting with a resumption of tumor process.

Psychological distress after physical injury: A one-year follow-up study of conscious hospitalised patients

Injury ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Skogstad ◽  
Kirsti Tøien ◽  
Erlend Hem ◽  
Anette Hylen Ranhoff ◽  
Leiv Sandvik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Physical Injury ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
One Year

scholarly journals Practicing Other-Focused Kindness and Self-Focused Kindness Among Those at Risk for Mental Illness: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Katherine Nelson-Coffey ◽  
Ernst T. Bohlmeijer ◽  
Marijke Schotanus-Dijkstra
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Waitlist Control ◽  
Dutch Sample ◽  
Mental Well Being

People with reduced levels of mental well-being might be at risk for developing future mental illness. Although several positive psychology interventions successfully improve mental well-being and psychological distress, less is known about their efficacy in a sample at risk for mental disorders. A Dutch sample of 289 participants with low or moderate levels of well-being were randomly assigned to other-focused kindness with reflection, other-focused kindness without reflection, self-focused kindness, or waitlist control (Trial register: NTR6786). Results of multilevel growth curve analyses revealed that other-focused kindness, but not self-focused kindness, led to improvements in the primary outcome mental well-being relative to waitlist control up to 6-week follow-up. By contrast, only other-focused kindness without reflection led to improvements in psychological distress. The three kindness conditions mainly did not differ from one another, and mainly no differences were found up to 6-months follow-up. An exception was that perceived stress was significantly more reduced up to 6-week and 6-months follow-up when people practiced other-focused kindness without reflection then when participants had practiced self-focused kindness. These findings point to the benefits of practicing kindness for others when people might be at risk for future mental illness. The study also indicates that reflecting about practicing kindness does not seem to have added value.

scholarly journals Assessment of griseofulvin in the management of lichen planus

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devendra Parmar ◽  
Kinnari Thacker ◽  
Jay Shah
Keyword(s):  
Lichen Planus ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Improvement ◽  
To Come ◽  
One Year

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common mucocutaneous disorder that affects 1-2% of the adult general population and slight predominance in females has been observed. The success rate is not satisfactory with these modalities of treatment, so there is a clear need for alternative therapy. This study was done to evaluate the efficacy of griseofulvin in the treatment of lichen planus.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The present study was conducted in the department of dermatology in the medical institution for the period of one year. The study included the initial assessment of 60 patients who were diagnosed with lichen planus (LP). Patients with both sexes and age between 15-60 years who agreed to come on follow up examination were included. All patients were treated with griseofulvin 500 mg/day for 6 months. Response of treatment was assessed by clinical examination at each subsequent visit (every two weeks)</span>.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Among patients with OLP, there was complete response in 27%, moderate improvement in 51%, and no response in 22% of cases. Complete clinical response of cutaneous LP was seen in 18% cases, no response was found in same number of patient, 64% no. of cases showed moderate response. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Griseofulvin gives complete improvement in 27% cases and moderate improvement in 51% cases in OLP and it gives complete improvement in 16% cases in cutaneous LP after treatment of 6 months. This study was done on a small scale and without any control group, so conclusive comments could not be passed.</span></p>

scholarly journals Protocol for Take home naloxone In Multicentre Emergency setting (TIME): Feasibility Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Jones ◽  
Fiona Bell ◽  
Jonathan Benger ◽  
Sarah Black ◽  
Penny Buykx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Adverse Event Rate ◽  
Opioid Overdose ◽  
Emergency Setting ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Emergency Ambulance ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background Opioids, such as heroin, kill more people worldwide by overdose than any other type of drug, and death rates associated with opioid poisoning in the UK are at record levels (1, 2). Naloxone is an opioid antagonist which can be distributed in ‘kits’ for administration by witnesses in an overdose emergency. This intervention is known as Take Home Naloxone (THN). We know that THN can save lives on an individual level, but there is currently limited evidence about the effectiveness of THN distribution on an aggregate level, in specialist drug service settings or in emergency service settings. Notably, we do not know whether THN kits reduce deaths from opioid overdose in at-risk populations, if there are unforeseen harms associated with THN distribution or if THN is cost-effective. In order to address this research gap, we aim to determine the feasibility of a fully-powered cluster Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) of THN distribution in emergency settings. Methods We will carry out a feasibility study for a RCT of THN distributed in emergency settings at four sites, clustered by Emergency Department (ED) and catchment area within its associated ambulance service. THN is a peer-administered intervention. At two intervention sites, emergency ambulance paramedics and ED clinical staff will distribute THN to adult patients who are at risk of opioid overdose. At two control sites, practice will carry on as usual. We will develop a method of identifying a population to include in an evaluation, comprising people at risk of fatal opioid overdose, who may potentially receive naloxone included in a THN kit. We will gather anonymised outcomes up to one year following a 12 month ‘live’ trial period for patients at risk of death from opioid poisoning. We expect approximately 100 patients at risk of opioid overdose to be in contact with each service during the one year recruitment period. Our outcomes will include: deaths; emergency admissions; intensive care admissions; and ED attendances. We will collect numbers of eligible patients attended by participating emergency ambulance paramedics and attending ED; THN kits issued; and NHS resource usage. We will determine whether to progress to a fully-powered trial based on pre-specified progression criteria: sign-up of sites (n = 4); staff trained (>= 50%); eligible participants identified (>= 50%); THN provided to eligible participants (>= 50%); people at risk of death from opioid overdose identified for inclusion in follow up (>= 75% of overdose deaths); outcomes retrieved for high risk individuals (>= 75%); and adverse event rate (<10% difference between study arms).Discussion This feasibility study is the first randomised, methodologically robust investigation of THN distribution in emergency settings. The study addresses an evidence gap related to the effectiveness of THN distribution in emergency settings. As this study is being carried out in emergency settings, obtaining informed consent on behalf of participants is not feasible. We therefore employ novel methods for identifying participants and capturing follow up data, with effectiveness dependent on the quality of the available routine data.Trial registration ISRCTN13232859 (Registered 16/02/2018)

Long-term rates of remission and late psychotic transition of individuals at risk for psychosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S186-S186 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Beck ◽  
C. Andreou ◽  
E. Studerus ◽  
L. Egloff ◽  
U. Heitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
At Risk Mental State

IntroductionIn the growing research field of early psychosis detection in patients with an at risk mental state (ARMS), most studies focus on the transition to frank psychosis. However, the majority of ARMS patients do not go on to develop frank psychosis and reported transition rates are declining. Little is known about the long-term outcome of these non-transitioned patients (ARMS-NT).ObjectivesTo investigate in preliminary analyses the long-term outcome of ARMS-NT patients with respect to persistence of ARMS signs and symptoms and the rates of late psychotic transition.MethodsThe ongoing study “FePsy-BHS-NT” follows up ARMS-NT without transition during at least the first two years for up to 15 years after their initial assessment. ARMS status is ascertained with the Basel Screening Instrument for Psychosis (BSIP). ARMS remission is defined as the absence of attenuated psychotic symptoms or brief limited intermittent psychotic symptoms for at least 12 consecutive months.ResultsIn this preliminary sample of 51 ARMS-NT, the majority of patients (70.6%) have remitted from their at risk mental state, 13.7% remain at risk and 15.7% have made a late psychotic transition during the course of long-term follow up (median = 5.75, range 4–11 years after initial assessment).ConclusionsThe considerable rates of ARMS persistence and late psychotic transition indicate that longer follow-up durations than commonly recommended should be contemplated in ARMS patients. Potential predictors of favorable long-term clinical outcome, as well as psychosocial, neurocognitive and other outcomes of ARMS-NT patients will be further evaluated in the present study.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document