Distribution and geodynamic setting of the Late Neoproterozoic– Early Cambrian hydrocarbon source rocks in the South China and Tarim Blocks

Contrasting models for internal versus external locations of the South China Craton (SCC) in the supercontinent Rodinia and associated mantle plume or ocean subduction dominated tectonic processes can be resolved by detrital zircon U-Pb dating and Lu-Hf isotopic analyses on the Cryogenian Nanhua Supergroup in the central SCC. Our results show that samples from the lower Liantuo, Tiesi’ao, and Datangpo formations of the Nanhua Supergroup show three age peaks at 2.50 Ga, 2.05 Ga, and 0.85 Ga, and those of the upper Nantuo Formation yield four peaks at 2.50 Ga, 2.05 Ga, 0.85 Ga, and 0.65 Ga. The Archean and Paleoproterozoic (1.80−2.10 Ga) zircons have εHf(t) values of −16.3 to +4.7 and −23.0 to +4.2, and may be sourced from the Kongling and Douling complexes and Paleoproterozoic intrusions in the northern Yangtze Block, respectively. Early Neoproterozoic (0.70−0.96 Ga) zircon grains show variable εHf(t) values of −20.0 to +15.0. In combination with the absence of Mesoproterozoic detrital zircons in the Nanhua Supergroup, huge volumes of Neoproterozoic granitic intrusions in the northern Yangtze Block are the potential sources for the 0.70−0.96 Ga detrital zircons. Only the siltstone of the Nantuo Formation has late Neoproterozoic (0.63−0.69 Ga) detrital zircons with high and positive εHf(t) values (+7.9 to +9.4). Several granitoid intrusions (0.63−0.68 Ga) in the Wudang and Ankang uplift of the South Qinling belt in the northern Yangtze Block provide the late Neoproterozoic detrital zircons of the Nantuo Formation. These provenance analyses of the Nanhua Supergroup indicate an interior source from the SCC, rather than an exterior source from the Laurentia and Australia cratons. The Neoproterozoic rift basins and magmatic rocks in the SCC were produced by secular episodic subductions and back-arc extensions, rather than a Neoproterozoic super-mantle plume. The SCC occupied a peripheral position adjacent to northern India in Rodinia during the Neoproterozoic. These conclusions will promote our understanding of genetic mechanism and distribution prediction of the several Cryogenian−Cambrian black-shale layers and excellent source rocks in the SCC.

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Correlation between South China and India and development of double rift systems in the South China-India Duo during late Neoproterozoic time

10.1002/essoar.10508389.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Touping Peng ◽

Bingbing Liu ◽

Weiming Fan ◽

Guochun Zhao ◽

Jianfeng Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South China ◽

The South ◽

China And India ◽

Late Neoproterozoic

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Hydrocarbon Source Rocks within the Western Flank of the South Caspian Basin (Azerbaijan): Geochemical Study and Petroleum System Modeling

Advances in Petroleum Engineering and Petroleum Geochemistry - Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-01578-7_37 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 157-160

Author(s):

Shalala Huseynova

Keyword(s):

System Modeling ◽

Petroleum System ◽

Source Rocks ◽

Caspian Basin ◽

The South ◽

South Caspian Basin ◽

Western Flank ◽

Hydrocarbon Source Rocks ◽

Geochemical Study ◽

Petroleum System Modeling

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Late Neoproterozoic–Early Paleozoic evolution of the South China Block as a retroarc thrust wedge/foreland basin system

International Journal of Earth Sciences ◽

10.1007/s00531-013-0946-9 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 103 (1) ◽

pp. 23-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Baoyu Jiang ◽

Hugh D. Sinclair ◽

Yazhuo Niu ◽

Jinhai Yu

Keyword(s):

South China ◽

Foreland Basin ◽

South China Block ◽

Early Paleozoic ◽

The South ◽

Late Neoproterozoic ◽

Basin System

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Ontogeny of the articulated yiliangellinine trilobite Zhangshania typica from the lower Cambrian (Series 2, Stage 3) of southern China

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/jpa.2016.118 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 91 (1) ◽

pp. 86-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Jin-bo Hou ◽

Nigel C. Hughes ◽

Jie Yang ◽

Tian Lan ◽

Xi-guang Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South China ◽

Lower Cambrian ◽

Southern China ◽

Junior Synonym ◽

Early Cambrian ◽

South China Block ◽

The South ◽

Positive Allometry ◽

Regional Correlation ◽

Almost All

AbstractNew discoveries of the early Cambrian yiliangellinine trilobite Zhangshania typica Li and Zhang in Kunming preserve almost all instars from early postembryonic (protaspid) to mature (holaspid) phases in articulated state, in addition to mature specimens with antennae bearing paired spines on the basal articles. The ontogenetic series shows protarthrous development with some, but likely not all, early holaspid instars expressing additional pygidial segments, gradual rearward migration of the location of the longest pleural spines on the trunk segments, and striking positive allometry of the genal spines. It also reveals Parazhangshania sichuanensis Li and Zhang, 1990 to be the holaspid stage 3 of Z. typica, and therefore its junior synonym. This new find in the Hongjingshao Formation provides species-based regional correlation across the South China block and Z. typica may provide an important biostratigraphic marker for the base of the traditional Tsanglangpuan Stage.

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Proterozoic−Phanerozoic tectonic evolution of the Qilian Shan and Eastern Kunlun Range, northern Tibet

Geological Society of America Bulletin ◽

10.1130/b36306.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chen Wu ◽

Jie Li ◽

Andrew V. Zuza ◽

Peter J. Haproff ◽

Xuanhua Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South China ◽

Tectonic Evolution ◽

North China ◽

The South ◽

The North ◽

South China Craton ◽

Late Neoproterozoic ◽

North And South ◽

North Qilian ◽

Early Neoproterozoic

The Proterozoic−Phanerozoic tectonic evolution of the Qilian Shan, Qaidam Basin, and Eastern Kunlun Range was key to the construction of the Asian continent, and understanding the paleogeography of these regions is critical to reconstructing the ancient oceanic domains of central Asia. This issue is particularly important regarding the paleogeography of the North China-Tarim continent and South China craton, which have experienced significant late Neoproterozoic rifting and Phanerozoic deformation. In this study, we integrated new and existing geologic field observations and geochronology across northern Tibet to examine the tectonic evolution of the Qilian-Qaidam-Kunlun continent and its relationships with the North China-Tarim continent to the north and South China craton to the south. Our results show that subduction and subsequent collision between the Tarim-North China, Qilian-Qaidam-Kunlun, and South China continents occurred in the early Neoproterozoic. Late Neoproterozoic rifting opened the North Qilian, South Qilian, and Paleo-Kunlun oceans. Opening of the South Qilian and Paleo-Kunlun oceans followed the trace of an early Neoproterozoic suture. The opening of the Paleo-Kunlun Ocean (ca. 600 Ma) occurred later than the opening of the North and South Qilian oceans (ca. 740−730 Ma). Closure of the North Qilian and South Qilian oceans occurred in the Early Silurian (ca. 440 Ma), whereas the final consumption of the Paleo-Kunlun Ocean occurred in the Devonian (ca. 360 Ma). Northward subduction of the Neo-Kunlun oceanic lithosphere initiated at ca. 270 Ma, followed by slab rollback beginning at ca. 225 Ma evidenced in the South Qilian Shan and at ca. 194 Ma evidenced in the Eastern Kunlun Range. This tectonic evolution is supported by spatial trends in the timing of magmatism and paleo-crustal thickness across the Qilian-Qaidam-Kunlun continent. Lastly, we suggest that two Greater North China and South China continents, located along the southern margin of Laurasia, were separated in the early Neoproterozoic along the future Kunlun-Qinling-Dabie suture.

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Macroscopic carbonaceous compressions in a terminal Proterozoic shale: A systematic reassessment of the Miaohe biota, south China

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/s0022336000041743 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 76 (2) ◽

pp. 347-376 ◽

Cited By ~ 129

Author(s):

Shuhai Xiao ◽

Xunlai Yuan ◽

Michael Steiner ◽

Andrew H. Knoll

Keyword(s):

Green Algae ◽

South China ◽

Brown Algae ◽

Body Plan ◽

Early Cambrian ◽

Burgess Shale ◽

New Materials ◽

Exceptional Preservation ◽

Animal Remains ◽

Late Neoproterozoic

Carbonaceous compression fossils in shales of the uppermost Doushantuo Formation (ca. 555-590 Ma) at Miaohe in the Yangtze Gorges area provide a rare Burgess-Shale-type taphonomic window on terminal Proterozoic biology. More than 100 macrofossil species have been described from Miaohe shales, but in an examination of published and new materials, we recognize only about twenty distinct taxa, including Aggregatosphaera miaoheensis new gen. and sp. Most of these fossils can be interpreted unambiguously as colonial prokaryotes or multicellular algae. Phylogenetically derived coenocytic green algae appear to be present, as do regularly bifurcating thalli comparable to red and brown algae. At least five species have been interpreted as metazoans by previous workers. Of these, Protoconites minor and Calyptrina striata most closely resemble animal remains; either or both could be the organic sheaths of cnidarian scyphopolyps, although an algal origin cannot be ruled out for P. minor. Despite exceptional preservation, the Miaohe assemblage contains no macroscopic fossils that can be interpreted with confidence as bilaterian animals. In combination with other late Neoproterozoic and Early Cambrian body fossils and trace fossils, the Doushantuo assemblage supports the view that body-plan diversification within bilaterian phyla was largely a Cambrian event.

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