Effects of Depression on Processing and Evaluation of Sexual Stimuli in Women

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas M. Baranowski ◽  
Ann-Kathrin Noll ◽  
Sarah Golder ◽  
Charlotte Markert ◽  
Rudolf Stark
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Stimuli

Men and women differ in amygdala response to visual sexual stimuli

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Hamann ◽  
Rebecca A Herman ◽  
Carla L Nolan ◽  
Kim Wallen
Keyword(s):  
Men And Women ◽  
Sexual Stimuli ◽  
Amygdala Response ◽  
Visual Sexual Stimuli

At the Second Glance: Stability of Neural Responses Toward Visual Sexual Stimuli

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2720-2737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Wehrum‐Osinsky ◽  
Tim Klucken ◽  
Sabine Kagerer ◽  
Bertram Walter ◽  
Andrea Hermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Responses ◽  
Sexual Stimuli ◽  
Visual Sexual Stimuli

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Implicit Processing of Sexual Stimuli

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke Dewitte
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sexual Response ◽  
Implicit Processing ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Avoidance Motivation ◽  
Sexual Information ◽  
Sexual Stimuli ◽  
Elaborative Processing ◽  
Sexually Explicit

The present studies investigated whether men and women differ in cognitive–motivational processing of sexual stimuli in order to better understand the commonly observed gender differences in sexual outcome variables. Because these processes often operate without conscious control, we focused specifically on automatic stimulus processing. Using a series of implicit tasks, we measured inhibition, attentional orientation, appraisal and approach–avoidance motivation regarding sexually explicit stimuli in male and female students. Results showed that men were more strongly motivated to approach sexual stimuli than women and were better able to inhibit sexual information as to prevent activation of the sexual response. With regard to attentional orientation, men were more easily drawn by sexual cues than women, yet only when the cues were presented long enough to allow more elaborative processing. No gender differences were found in the implicit evaluation of sexual information, although men and women did differ at the level of self–reported sexual evaluations. Our results indicate the importance of incorporating information–processing mechanisms and emotion regulation strategies into the conceptualization of the sexual response and promote further research on the specificity, robustness, predictive validity and malleability of the cognitive–motivational processes underlying sexual arousal. Copyright © 2015 European Association of Personality Psychology

scholarly journals Sex Attracts: Investigating Individual Differences in Attentional Bias to Sexual Stimuli

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e107795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Kagerer ◽  
Sina Wehrum ◽  
Tim Klucken ◽  
Bertram Walter ◽  
Dieter Vaitl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Sexual Stimuli

Gender-specific genital and subjective sexual arousal to prepotent sexual stimuli in androphilic men and gynephilic women

2021 ◽  
pp. e20210004
Author(s):  
Nina Micanovic ◽  
Amanda D. Timmers ◽  
Meredith L. Chivers
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Arousal ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Sexual Response ◽  
Sex Characteristics ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Sexual Stimuli ◽  
Subjective Sexual Arousal ◽  
Gender Specific

Marked differences have been found in men’s and women’s sexual response patterns, contingent upon their sexual orientation; androphilic (attracted to men) and gynephilic (attracted to women) men demonstrate greatest genital and self-reported arousal to their preferred stimulus type (a “gender-specific” response), whereas androphilic women do not, and findings for gynephilic women have been mixed. While there have been many investigations into gynephilic men’s and androphilic women’s (i.e., heterosexual men/women) sexual response, there has been less investigation into the specificity of sexual response of androphilic men and gynephilic women. Given the complex nature of sexual stimuli that are used in sexual response research, it is often unclear to what extent contextual cues (e.g., cues other than the sexual actor’s primary and secondary sex characteristics, such as physical attractiveness, sexual activity, etc.) influence participants’ sexual response patterns. As such, the current study examined genital, discrete self-reported, and continuous self-reported responses of androphilic men ( n = 22) and gynephilic women ( n = 10) to prepotent sexual features (stimuli thought to elicit automatic sexual arousal: erect penises and exposed vulvas), non-prepotent sexual features (flaccid penises and pubic triangles) and neutral stimuli (clothed men and women). Both samples exhibited a gender-specific pattern of genital, self-reported, and continuous self-reported sexual arousal. Similarly, all measures of sexual arousal were generally found to be greatest to “prepotent” sexual cues. Implications for understanding gender specificity of sexual response are discussed.

CHANGING PATTERNS IN THE RESPONSE TO HUMOROUS SEXUAL STIMULI: SEX ROLES AND EXPRESSION OF SEXUALITY

1983 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank J. Prerost
Keyword(s):  
Life Experiences ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Sexual Expression ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Sexual Stimuli ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sex Attitudes

Considering the relaxation of sex role restraints and the convergence of male/female reactions to erotica, this study examined the impact of humorous sexual stimuli on adult males and females. Results showed the importance of personal sexual experience and enjoyment with sexual expression on the reactions to sexual humor. Sexist ideas within sexual humor was a significant factor in influencing female appreciation of sexual jokes. Yet some females, depending on life experiences, evidenced cross-sex attitudes in humor preferences.

scholarly journals Automatic and Deliberate Affective Associations with Sexual Stimuli in Women with Superficial Dyspareunia

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 486-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke Brauer ◽  
Peter J. de Jong ◽  
Jorg Huijding ◽  
Ellen Laan ◽  
Moniek M. ter Kuile
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Stimuli ◽  
Affective Associations

scholarly journals Individual concerns modulate Pavlovian-instrumental transfer for sexual outcomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoann Stussi ◽  
Vanessa Sennwald ◽  
eva pool ◽  
Sylvain Delplanque ◽  
Tobias Brosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Sexual Stimuli ◽  
Reward Seeking ◽  
Sexual Outcomes ◽  
Sexual Concerns ◽  
Instrumental Action ◽  
Current Concerns ◽  
Insight Into

Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning are fundamental processes helping organisms learn about stimuli that predict rewards in the environment and actions that lead to their obtainment. The interplay between these two forms of learning notably exerts a strong impact on reward-seeking behaviors. However, mechanisms modulating this impact are not well elucidated. Here, we examined whether the influence of Pavlovian cues on instrumental action for sexual rewards is determined by their relevance to the individual’s sexual concerns in humans. In two experiments, we manipulated the relevance of sexual outcomes in a Pavlovian-instrumental transfer paradigm by recruiting heterosexual and homosexual men and selecting sexual stimuli for each sexual orientation. Results showed that Pavlovian-instrumental transfer effects were enhanced in response to the cue that was associated with the most relevant sexual outcome to participants’ sexual orientation compared to the cue associated with the less relevant sexual outcome, thereby reflecting that inter-individual differences in sexual concerns modulated these effects. These findings suggest that motivational control of reward-related instrumental action triggered by Pavlovian stimuli in humans relies on inter-individual differences in current concerns and can extend beyond homeostatic needs such as hunger or thirst. This fosters further insight into the mechanisms underlying human reward-seeking behaviors.

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