scholarly journals Perivascular adipose tissue modulates vascular function in the human internal thoracic artery

2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 1130-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Jing Gao ◽  
Zhao-hua Zeng ◽  
Kevin Teoh ◽  
Arya M. Sharma ◽  
Labib Abouzahr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Internal Thoracic Artery ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue

scholarly journals Maternal separation enhances anticontractile perivascular adipose tissue function in male rats on a high-fat diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (6) ◽  
pp. R1085-R1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Analia S. Loria ◽  
Frank T. Spradley ◽  
Ijeoma E. Obi ◽  
Bryan K. Becker ◽  
Carmen De Miguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Maternal Separation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue

Clinical studies have shown that obesity negatively impacts large arteries’ function. We reported that rats exposed to maternal separation (MatSep), a model of early life stress, display enhanced angiotensin II (ANG II)-induced vasoconstriction in aortic rings cleaned of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) under normal diet (ND) conditions. We hypothesized that exposure to MatSep promotes a greater loss of PVAT-mediated protective effects on vascular function and loss of blood pressure (BP) rhythm in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) when compared with controls. MatSep was performed in male Wistar-Kyoto rats from days 2 to 14 of life. Normally reared littermates served as controls. On ND, aortic rings from MatSep rats with PVAT removed showed increased ANG II-mediated vasoconstriction versus controls; however, rings from MatSep rats with intact PVAT displayed blunted constriction. This effect was exacerbated by an HFD in both groups; however, the anticontractile effect of PVAT was greater in MatSep rats. Acetylcholine-induced relaxation was similar in MatSep and control rats fed an ND, regardless of the presence of PVAT. HFD impaired aortic relaxation in rings without PVAT from MatSep rats, whereas the presence of PVAT improved relaxation in both groups. On an HFD, immunolocalization of vascular smooth muscle-derived ANG-(1–7) and PVAT-derived adiponectin abundances were increased in MatSep. In rats fed an HFD, 24-h BP and BP rhythms were similar between groups. In summary, MatSep enhanced the ability of PVAT to blunt the heightened ANG II-induced vasoconstriction and endothelial dysfunction in rats fed an HFD. This protective effect may be mediated via the upregulation of vasoprotective factors within the adipovascular axis.

Perivascular adipose tissue in vascular function

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwyn O. Cruz-López ◽  
Estrellita Uijl ◽  
A.H. Jan Danser
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue

scholarly journals Resistin Mediates Sex-Dependent Effects of Perivascular Adipose Tissue on Vascular Function in the Shrsp

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Yvonne Small ◽  
Sarah McNeilly ◽  
Sheon Mary ◽  
Adam Marcus Sheikh ◽  
Christian Delles
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue

scholarly journals Similarity of mouse perivascular and brown adipose tissues and their resistance to diet-induced inflammation

2011 ◽  
Vol 301 (4) ◽  
pp. H1425-H1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy P. Fitzgibbons ◽  
Sophia Kogan ◽  
Myriam Aouadi ◽  
Greg M. Hendricks ◽  
Juerg Straubhaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Macrophage Infiltration ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Brown Adipose

Thoracic perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is a unique adipose depot that likely influences vascular function and susceptibility to pathogenesis in obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Surprisingly, PVAT has been reported to share characteristics of both brown and white adipose, but a detailed direct comparison to interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) has not been performed. Here we show by full genome DNA microarray analysis that global gene expression profiles of PVAT are virtually identical to BAT, with equally high expression of Ucp-1, Cidea, and other genes known to be uniquely or very highly expressed in BAT. PVAT and BAT also displayed nearly identical phenotypes upon immunohistochemical analysis, and electron microscopy confirmed that PVAT contained multilocular lipid droplets and abundant mitochondria. Compared with white adipose tissue (WAT), PVAT and BAT from C57BL6/J mice fed a high-fat diet for 13 wk had markedly lower expression of immune cell-enriched mRNAs, suggesting resistance to obesity-induced inflammation. Indeed, staining of BAT and PVAT for macrophage markers (F4/80 and CD68) in obese mice showed virtually no macrophage infiltration, and FACS analysis of BAT confirmed the presence of very few CD11b+/CD11c+ macrophages in BAT (1.0%) compared with WAT (31%). In summary, murine PVAT from the thoracic aorta is virtually identical to interscapular BAT, is resistant to diet-induced macrophage infiltration, and thus may play an important role in protecting the vascular bed from inflammatory stress.

scholarly journals Perivascular Adipose Tissue and Mesenteric Vascular Function in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1297-1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Gálvez ◽  
Javier de Castro ◽  
Diana Herold ◽  
Galyna Dubrovska ◽  
Silvia Arribas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive

scholarly journals Perivascular Adipose Tissue and Cardiometabolic Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Anna Meiliana ◽  
Andi Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Nitric Oxide Signaling ◽  
Fat Depots

BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with insulin resistance, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, but the mechanisms underlying these associations are incompletely understood. Microvascular dysfunction may play an important role in the pathogenesis of both insulin resistance and hypertension in obesity.CONTENT: Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is a local deposit of adipose tissue surrounding the vasculature. PVAT is present throughout the body and has been shown to have a local effect on blood vessels. The influence of PVAT on the vasculature changes with increasing adiposity. PVAT similarly to other fat depots, is metabolically active, secreting a wide array of bioactive substances, termed ‘adipokines’. Adipokines include cytokines, chemokines and hormones that can act in a paracrine, autocrine or endocrine fashion. Many of the proinflammatory adipokines upregulated in obesity are known to influence vascular function, including endothelial function, oxidative stress, vascular stiffness and smooth muscle migration. Adipokines also stimulate immune cell migration into the vascular wall, potentially contributing to the inflammation found in atherosclerosis. Finally, adipokines modulate the effect of insulin on the vasculature, thereby decreasing insulin-mediated muscle glucose uptake. This leads to alterations in nitric oxide signaling, insulin resistance and potentially atherogenesis.SUMMARY: PVAT surrounds blood vessels. PVAT and the adventitial layer of blood vessels are in direct contact with each other. Healthy PVAT secretes adipokines and regulates vascular function. Obesity is associated with changes in adipokine secretion and the resultant inflammation of PVAT. The dysregulation of adipokines changes the effect of PVAT on the vasculature. Changes in perivascular adipokines secretion in obesity appear to contribute to the development of obesity-mediated vascular disease.KEYWORDS: obesity, perivascular adipose tissue, PVAT, cardiometabolic disease, adipokine

scholarly journals Aging Affects KV7 Channels and Perivascular Adipose Tissue-Mediated Vascular Tone

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yibin Wang ◽  
Fatima Yildiz ◽  
Andrey Struve ◽  
Mario Kassmann ◽  
Lajos Markó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Kcnq Channels ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality

Aging is an independent risk factor for hypertension, cardiovascular morbidity, and mortality. However, detailed mechanisms linking aging to cardiovascular disease are unclear. We studied the aging effects on the role of perivascular adipose tissue and downstream vasoconstriction targets, voltage-dependent KV7 channels, and their pharmacological modulators (flupirtine, retigabine, QO58, and QO58-lysine) in a murine model. We assessed vascular function of young and old mesenteric arteries in vitro using wire myography and membrane potential measurements with sharp electrodes. We also performed bulk RNA sequencing and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction tests in mesenteric arteries and perivascular adipose tissue to elucidate molecular underpinnings of age-related phenotypes. Results revealed impaired perivascular adipose tissue-mediated control of vascular tone particularly via KV7.3–5 channels with increased age through metabolic and inflammatory processes and release of perivascular adipose tissue-derived relaxation factors. Moreover, QO58 was identified as novel pharmacological vasodilator to activate XE991-sensitive KCNQ channels in old mesenteric arteries. Our data suggest that targeting inflammation and metabolism in perivascular adipose tissue could represent novel approaches to restore vascular function during aging. Furthermore, KV7.3–5 channels represent a promising target in cardiovascular aging.

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