Do temperature, relative humidity and interspecific competition alter the population size and the damage potential of stored-product insect pests? A hierarchical multilevel modeling approach

Biological control has been reducing the use of chemical products against insect pests, specially predatory Pentatomidae. Species of this group can present high variations in their life cycle as a result of their diet. Thus, the objective of this research was to study nymph development and reproduction of Podisus distinctus (Stäl, 1860) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) fed on Bombyx mori L., 1758 (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) larvae (T1), compared to those fed on Tenebrio molitor L., 1758 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) (T2) and Musca domestica L., 1758 (Diptera: Muscidae) larvae (T3) at a temperature of 25 ± 0.5ºC, relative humidity of 70 ± 2%, and photophase of 12 h. Predators fed on B. mori showed duration of the nymph phase (18.68 ± 1.02) similar to those fed on T. molitor (18.32 ± 1.49). Pre-oviposition and oviposition periods and number of egg masses, besides eggs and nymphs per female, were higher with B. mori (5.83 ± 2.02; 15.00 ± 7.40; 8.42 ± 1.84; 296.69 ± 154.75; and 228.55 ± 141.04, respectively) while longevity of males and females of P. distinctus was 25.76 ± 16.15 and 35.00 ± 16.15 days with T. molitor, and 20.57 ± 13.60 and 23.46 ± 12.35 days with B. mori, respectively.

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Seasonal Incidence of Pulse Aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch.) and its Natural Enemies on Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) in Relation to Some Abiotic Factors in Alluvial Zone of West Bengal

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-4464 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

S. Pal ◽

S. Samanta ◽

A. Banerjee

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Pisum Sativum ◽

Natural Enemies ◽

West Bengal ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Field Pea ◽

Pest Population ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽

Weather Parameters

Background: Field pea, Pisum sativum L. is an important winter-season pulse crop. It is subjected to damage by both field and storage insect pests and approximately 10-15 per cent reduction in yield was reported due to the infestation of different insect pests. Among these, pulse aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch.) affects plant physiology directly by removal of nutrients or indirectly by dispersal of various viral diseases. The present investigation has been aimed to study the seasonal fluctuations of aphids and their natural enemies as well as their correlation. Another objective was to know the effect of various weather parameters on pulse aphids and their natural enemies which ultimately would be helpful to develop a forewarning model.Methods: The field experiment was conducted at the A-B Block Farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, West Bengal using two varieties of field pea (KPMR 935 and IFPD 122) during rabi seasons of two consecutive years of 2017-18 and 2018-19 following a Randomized Block Design with three replications. After recording the total population of both pests (nymphs and adults) and their natural enemies across the season, the mean population was worked out and used for correlation and regression studies along with the weather parameters. Result: Maximum aphid population was noticed during the peak pod formation stage of the crop irrespective of the varieties. The pest population was very strongly correlated with the incidence of coccinellid and ant population in both test varieties. Among the weather parameters, both maximum and minimum temperature and sunshine hour showed a positive correlation with the pest population and their natural enemies but relative humidity and rainfall showed a negative correlation. Regression studies indicated that temperature and relative humidity were the most influencing factors over the incidence of aphid in both the seasons.

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Impact of Weather Factors on Coelaenomenodera elaiedis MLK (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Nigeria

Journal of Biotechnology Research ◽

10.32861/jbr.68.115.128 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 115-128

Author(s):

Aneni T. I. ◽

Adaigbe V. C. ◽

Ogbebor C. O. ◽

Okere C. I. ◽

Aghayedo C. O.

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Leaf Miner ◽

Weather Factors ◽

Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽

Major Pest ◽

Model Equations ◽

Main Station ◽

Mathematical Relationships

The leaf miner (Coelaenomenodera elaeidis) is a major pest of the oil palm. It breaks out in epidemic proportions periodically, resulting in severe leaf defoliation and consequently low fresh fruit bunch (FFA) yield. This study analyses temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, and leaf miner abundance records sampled in oil palm fields between 1976 and 1980 in the main station of the Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research (NIFOR). Data for temperature, rainfall, and relative humidity were obtained from NIFOR meteorological station. Mathematical relationships between the insect stages (larva, pupa, and adult) and weather factors (rainfall and temperature) were developed indicating that pest predictions can be made for different leaf miner stages using their corresponding model equations giving specific values for rainfall and temperature. Variations in the seasonal patterns of temperature and rainfall are of major significance as a cue to timing leaf miner abundance and would help in making better decisions regarding where farmer action can target pest control interventions, thereby contributing to ensure food security. The need for continuous monitoring has great potential for detection and control of insect pests in oil palm growing areas.

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The mating rate of Drosophila suzukii reduction due to reproductive interference from Drosophila melanogaster

10.21203/rs.3.rs-39315/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yongzhuo Chen ◽

Min Zhang ◽

Wei Hu ◽

Jing Li ◽

Pengcheng Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Interspecific Competition ◽

Population Size ◽

Egg Laying ◽

Significant Decline ◽

Reproductive Interference ◽

Drosophila Suzukii ◽

Offspring Number ◽

Successful Mating ◽

Reproductive Activities

Abstract Background Drosophila suzukii is widely distributed. Research has revealed that the presence of Drosophila melanogaster can reduce the emergence and egg laying of D. suzukii. However, the reasons for these phenomena have not yet been reported. To investigate this issue, we sought to answer three questions: Can the presence of D. melanogaster reduce the longevity of D. suzukii? Does D. melanogaster dominate in larval interspecific competition with D. suzukii? Does reproductive interference occur between these species; i.e., do individuals of one species (e.g., D. suzukii) engage in reproductive activities with individuals of the other (e.g., D. melanogaster) such that the fitness of one or both species is reduced? Results The results showed that the adult offspring number of Drosophila suzukii was significantly reduced when this species was reared with Drosophila melanogaster. The larval interspecific competition had no significant effects on Drosophila suzukii longevity or population size. Surprisingly, Drosophila melanogaster imposed reproductive interference on males of Drosophila suzukii, which led to a significant decline in the rate of successful mating of the latter species. Conclusions The presence of Drosophila melanogaster causes the population size of Drosophila suzukii to decrease through reproductive interference, and the rate of successful mating in Drosophila suzukii is significantly reduced in the presence of Drosophila melanogaster.

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Changes in Maternal and Paternal Pain-Related Attitudes, Behaviors, and Perceptions across Pediatric Pain Rehabilitation Treatment: A Multilevel Modeling Approach

Journal of Pediatric Psychology ◽

10.1093/jpepsy/jsw046 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. jsw046 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Christine B. Sieberg ◽

Allison Smith ◽

Matthew White ◽

Juliana Manganella ◽

Navil Sethna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multilevel Modeling ◽

Pediatric Pain ◽

Rehabilitation Treatment ◽

Modeling Approach

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Explaining ESL essay holistic scores: A multilevel modeling approach

Language Testing ◽

10.1177/0265532210368717 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 515-535 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Khaled Barkaoui

Keyword(s):

Multilevel Modeling ◽

Modeling Approach

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Investigating three sources of bias in hook-and-line surveys: survey design, gear saturation, and multispecies interactions

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/cjfas-2017-0286 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 76 (2) ◽

pp. 192-207

Author(s):

Peter T. Kuriyama ◽

Trevor A. Branch ◽

Allan C. Hicks ◽

John H. Harms ◽

Owen S. Hamel

Keyword(s):

Interspecific Competition ◽

Population Size ◽

Relative Error ◽

Statistical Power ◽

Survey Design ◽

Biological Information ◽

Catch Per Unit Effort ◽

Absolute Relative Error ◽

Survey Results ◽

Survey Methodologies

Hook-and-line surveys can be used to estimate population trends in fish species where conventional methods such as trawl, acoustic, visual, or pot surveys cannot be applied. Hook-and-line surveys allow for the collection of biological information, but the resultant indices of abundance may be biased. We designed simulations to address concerns around survey design, hook saturation, and competition among species and found that catch per unit effort (CPUE) declined more slowly than population size across all scenarios. This hyperstability was most prominent when fish were found in high-density patches, and these scenarios have median absolute relative error values roughly three to five times greater than those with more even distributions of fish density. Despite hyperstability, the surveys still had statistical power to detect changes in abundance. Interspecific competition for hooks caused bias in survey results when one species was more aggressive than another. Taken together, our results indicate hook-and-line surveys fill a niche in survey methodologies, but their use and interpretation can be challenged by hyperstability and competition among species.

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