scholarly journals PIN92 DO INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS FACE HIGHER BACTERIAL DRUG RESISTANCE COMPARED TO NATIVES? A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. S654
Author(s):  
B. Cabieses ◽  
A. Peters ◽  
M.P. Acuña ◽  
N. Uphoff ◽  
S. Astorga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Drug Resistance ◽  
International Migrants

scholarly journals A systematic review on the relationship between international migration and antimicrobial resistance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Sophie Peters ◽  
Báltica Cabieses ◽  
Orlando Ramirez ◽  
Eleonora Uphoff ◽  
María Paz Acuña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Organism ◽  
Antimicrobial Drug Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Drug Resistance

Abstract Introduction: Antimicrobial drug resistance (AMR) is considered a serious threat to public health worldwide. The relation between AMR and human mobility, particularly international migration, has drawn attention from the scientific community in recent years. However, several aspects about this relation remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed at expanding and updating previous systematic review studies, with a novel focus on the AMR prevalence in migrants compared to the local population of the host country, to examine external validity of previous findings.Methods: We searched in Ovid MEDLINE all types of observational studies, without language or year of publication restrictions. We aimed at exploring differences in countries´ bacterial drug resistance rates based on immigration rates. All types of AMR were included, except for those related to HIV/AIDS and Tuberculosis. The comparator group of interest was the local population of the host country. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42018114436. Results: After screening of 322 articles, 15 papers were selected for data extraction, including 1930 migrants. Compared to the local population, higher rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Panton-Valentine leucocidin positive strains, multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, and having at least one multidrug-resistant organism were found in migrants in 12 of the 15 papers. Rates of AMR did not differ significantly in two studies and only one of them reported a lower burden of AMR in migrants.Conclusions: Higher prevalence of AMR in migrants were presented in the majority of the included articles, addressing the emerge of the circulation of resistant strains within this group. More detailed descriptions, including time span and route taken by migrants to arrive to country of destination and length of stay by the time of inclusion are essential to gain a deeper understanding of the relation in between AMR and migration. Countries with high migration rates outside Europe should be encouraged to implement strategies for screening of both local population and migrants in countries.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and modulation of bacterial drug resistance of the essential oil from leaves of Croton grewioides

2017 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 468-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivianne Marcelino de Medeiros ◽  
Yuri Mangueira do Nascimento ◽  
Augusto Lopes Souto ◽  
Sara Alves Lucena Madeiro ◽  
Vicente Carlos de Oliveira Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Bacterial Drug Resistance

scholarly journals Research on intervention methods of nosocomial infection in neurosurgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Sung-Won Kim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Severe Trauma ◽  
High Infection Rate ◽  
Intervention Measures ◽  
Bacterial Drug Resistance ◽  
High Infection

<p>The proportion of critically ill patients from neurosurgery wards in hospitals is significantly higher than that from other departments. These patients suffer from low immune. At the same time, because of the severe trauma after surgery and the complexity of pathogens in patients, antibiotics are frequently used. However, the of bacterial drug resistance is relatively high because of the particularity of hospitals, which is a major reason for the high infection rate of neurosurgery patients. Therefore, regarding to these risk factors, intervention measures should be actively explored in hospitals, so as to control the infection rate, reduce the possibility of infection in neurosurgery patients, improve the rehabilitation efficiency of patients, and reduce unnecessary suffering of patients caused by infection. This is also an effective means to improve the quality of hospital medical care. </p>

scholarly journals Global Patterns of Mortality in International Migrants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Aldridge ◽  
Laura Nellums ◽  
Sean Bartlett ◽  
Anna Louise Barr ◽  
Parth Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Global Patterns ◽  
International Migrants

Developments in strategies for Quorum Sensing virulence factor inhibition to combat bacterial drug resistance

2018 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 293-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shafiul Haque ◽  
Faraz Ahmad ◽  
Sajad A. Dar ◽  
Arshad Jawed ◽  
Raju K. Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Virulence Factor ◽  
Bacterial Drug Resistance

scholarly journals Clinical Impact of Pretreatment Human Immunodeficiency Virus Drug Resistance in People Initiating Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor–Containing Antiretroviral Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Bertagnolio ◽  
Lucas Hermans ◽  
Michael R Jordan ◽  
Santiago Avila-Rios ◽  
Collins Iwuji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Transcriptase Inhibitor ◽  
Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor

Abstract Background Increased access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has resulted in rising levels of pretreatment human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance (PDR). This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the impact of PDR on treatment outcomes among people initiating nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)–based ART, including the combination of efavirenz (EFV), tenofovir (TDF), and lamivudine or emtricitabine (XTC). Methods We systematically reviewed studies and conference proceedings comparing treatment outcomes in populations initiating NNRTI-based ART with and without PDR. We conducted subgroup analyses by regimen: (1) NNRTIs + 2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), (2) EFV + 2 NRTIs, or (3) EFV/TDF/XTC; by population (children vs adults); and by definition of resistance (PDR vs NNRTI PDR). Results Among 6197 studies screened, 32 were analyzed (31 441 patients). We found that individuals with PDR initiating NNRTIs across all the subgroups had increased risk of virological failure compared to those without PDR. Risk of acquisition of new resistance mutations and ART switch was also higher in people with PDR. Conclusions This review shows poorer treatment outcomes in the presence of PDR, supporting the World Health Organization’s recommendation to avoid using NNRTIs in countries where levels of PDR are high.

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