scholarly journals Design and testing of multiplex RT-PCR primers for the rapid detection of influenza A virus genomic segments: Application to equine influenza virus

2016 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 114-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
EunJung Lee ◽  
Eun-Ju Kim ◽  
Yeun-Kyung Shin ◽  
Jae-Young Song
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Equine Influenza Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Equine Influenza ◽  
Design And Testing

scholarly journals Complete Genomic Sequences of H3N8 Equine Influenza Virus Strains Used as Vaccine Strains in Japan

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manabu Nemoto ◽  
Takashi Yamanaka ◽  
Hiroshi Bannai ◽  
Koji Tsujimura ◽  
Hiroshi Kokado
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Genomic Sequences ◽  
Equine Influenza Virus ◽  
Equine Influenza ◽  
World Organization ◽  
Virus Strains ◽  
Complete Genomic

ABSTRACT We sequenced the eight segments of influenza A virus strains A/equine/Ibaraki/1/2007 and A/equine/Yokohama/aq13/2010, which are strains of the Florida sublineage clades 1 and 2 of the H3N8 subtype equine influenza virus. These strains have been used as vaccine strains in Japan since 2016 in accordance with World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) recommendations.

Rapid detection of equine influenza virus H3N8 subtype by insulated isothermal RT-PCR (iiRT-PCR) assay using the POCKIT™ Nucleic Acid Analyzer

2014 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Udeni B.R. Balasuriya ◽  
Pei-Yu Alison Lee ◽  
Ashish Tiwari ◽  
Ashley Skillman ◽  
Bora Nam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Equine Influenza Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Equine Influenza

scholarly journals Equine Mx1 Restricts Influenza A Virus Replication by Targeting at Distinct Site of its Nucleoprotein

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urooj Fatima ◽  
Zhenyu Zhang ◽  
Haili Zhang ◽  
Xue-Feng Wang ◽  
Ling Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Polymerase Activity ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Dynamic Force ◽  
Equine Influenza Virus ◽  
Equine Influenza ◽  
Adaptive Mutations ◽  
Antiviral Activities

Interferon-mediated host factors myxovirus (Mx) proteins are key features in regulating influenza A virus (IAV) infections. Viral polymerases are essential for viral replication. The Mx1 protein has been known to interact with viral nucleoprotein (NP) and PB2, resulting in the influence of polymerase activity and providing interspecies restriction. The equine influenza virus has evolved as an independent lineage to influenza viruses from other species. We estimated the differences in antiviral activities between human MxA (huMxA) and equine Mx1 (eqMx1) against a broad range of IAV strains. We found that huMxA has antiviral potential against IAV strains from non-human species, whereas eqMx1 could only inhibit the polymerase activity of non-equine species. Here, we demonstrated that NP is the main target of eqMx1. Subsequently, we found adaptive mutations in the NP of strains A/equine/Jilin/1/1989 (H3N8JL89) and A/chicken/Zhejiang/DTID-ZJU01/2013 (H7N9ZJ13) that confer eqMx1 resistance and sensitivity respectively. A substantial reduction in Mx1 resistance was observed for the two mutations G34S and H52N in H3N8JL89 NP. Thus, eqMx1 is an important dynamic force in IAV nucleoprotein evolution. We, therefore, suggest that the amino acids responsible for Mx1 resistance should be regarded as a robust indicator for the pandemic potential of lately evolving IAVs.

Rapid detection for primary screening of influenza A virus: microfluidic RT-PCR chip and electrochemical DNA sensor

The Analyst ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 136 (10) ◽  
pp. 2064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiichiro Yamanaka ◽  
Masato Saito ◽  
Kenji Kondoh ◽  
Mohammad Mosharraf Hossain ◽  
Ritsuko Koketsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Dna Sensor ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Electrochemical Dna Sensor ◽  
Primary Screening

scholarly journals A quantitative RT-PCR assay for rapid detection of Eurasian-lineage H10 subtype influenza A virus

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 444-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailiang Sun ◽  
Jian-Li Xue ◽  
Elizabeth Bailey ◽  
Yifei Xu ◽  
Guoliang Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Eurasian Lineage

Development of a real-time RT-PCR for detection of equine influenza virus

2015 ◽  
Vol 157 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Aeschbacher ◽  
E Santschi ◽  
V Gerber ◽  
H Stalder ◽  
R Zanoni
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Equine Influenza Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Equine Influenza

scholarly journals Mammalian Adaptation of an Avian Influenza A Virus Involves Stepwise Changes in NS1

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Chauché ◽  
A. Nogales ◽  
H. Zhu ◽  
D. Goldfarb ◽  
A. I. Ahmad Shanizza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Immune Evasion ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Nonstructural Protein ◽  
Ns1 Protein ◽  
Equine Influenza Virus ◽  
Influenza A Viruses ◽  
Equine Influenza ◽  
Nonstructural Protein 1 ◽  
Avian Origin

ABSTRACT Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are common pathogens of birds that occasionally establish endemic infections in mammals. The processes and mechanisms that result in IAV mammalian adaptation are poorly understood. The viral nonstructural 1 (NS1) protein counteracts the interferon (IFN) response, a central component of the host species barrier. We characterized the NS1 proteins of equine influenza virus (EIV), a mammalian IAV lineage of avian origin. We showed that evolutionarily distinct NS1 proteins counteract the IFN response using different and mutually exclusive mechanisms: while the NS1 proteins of early EIVs block general gene expression by binding to cellular polyadenylation-specific factor 30 (CPSF30), NS1 proteins from more evolved EIVs specifically block the induction of IFN-stimulated genes by interfering with the JAK/STAT pathway. These contrasting anti-IFN strategies are associated with two mutations that appeared sequentially and were rapidly selected for during EIV evolution, highlighting the importance of evolutionary processes in immune evasion mechanisms during IAV adaptation. IMPORTANCE Influenza A viruses (IAVs) infect certain avian reservoir species and occasionally transfer to and cause epidemics of infections in some mammalian hosts. However, the processes by which IAVs gain the ability to efficiently infect and transmit in mammals remain unclear. H3N8 equine influenza virus (EIV) is an avian-origin virus that successfully established a new lineage in horses in the early 1960s and is currently circulating worldwide in the equine population. Here, we analyzed the molecular evolution of the virulence factor nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) and show that NS1 proteins from different time periods after EIV emergence counteract the host innate immune response using contrasting strategies, which are associated with two mutations that appeared sequentially during EIV evolution. The results shown here indicate that the interplay between virus evolution and immune evasion plays a key role in IAV mammalian adaptation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document