scholarly journals The effect of atorvastatin on survival of rat ischemic flap

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Xun Chen ◽  
Chia-Wei Chiu ◽  
Pin-Keng Shih
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Flap

Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution Improves Oxygenation in Ischemic Flap Tissue

2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1478-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sören Schramm ◽  
Reto Wettstein ◽  
Robert Wessendorf ◽  
Stephan M. Jakob ◽  
Andrej Banic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Oxygen Tension ◽  
Base Excess ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Normovolemic Hemodilution ◽  
Total Blood Flow ◽  
Ischemic Flap

Background The flaps used in reconstructive surgery are prone to ischemia and hypoxia, which imply a considerable risk of wound-healing complications. During normovolemic hemodilution, the oxygenation may further deteriorate because of the lack of erythrocytes or improve because of increased microcirculatory blood flow. The aim of this study was to investigate the net effect of normovolemic hemodilution of various degrees on the microcirculation and oxygenation in ischemic flap tissue in adult minipigs. Methods A rectangular flap was raised in the middle of the epigastrium, consisting of an adequately perfused portion and a partly ischemic portion. The animals were randomly assigned to either the control group (n = 10) or the experimental group (n = 10) receiving graded normovolemic hemodilution with 6% hydroxyethyl starch 200-0.5. Results Normovolemic hemodilution caused a significant linear increase in total blood flow to the flap (measured by transit time flowmetry). In the ischemic flap tissue, both oxygen tension (measured by polarographic cells) and venous base excess were transiently improved during hemodilution (F = 4.79 and P = 0.019 for the regression of tissue oxygen tension on hemoglobin and hemoglobin squared, and F = 4.18 and P = 0.029 for base excess). The expected values reached a peak at hemoglobin concentrations of 9.1 and 8.5 g/dl, respectively. The measured values at this level of hemodilution were 17 +/- 10.7 mmHg (mean +/- SD) versus 7.6 +/- 1.9 mmHg (baseline) for oxygen tension and -1.7 +/- 3.4 versus -5.6 +/- 4.1 mM for venous base excess. Conclusions Our results suggest that the oxygenation in ischemic and hypoxic flap tissue may be improved by normovolemic hemodilution. The maximal benefit may be expected at a hemoglobin concentration at or slightly less than 9 g/dl.

Evaluation of the Mechanism of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Improvement of Ischemic Flap Survival in Rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 556-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Pang ◽  
William C. Lineaweaver ◽  
Man-Ping Lei ◽  
Tanya Oswald ◽  
Susan Shamburger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Flap Survival ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Ischemic Flap

Enhancement of Ischemic Flap Survival by Prefabrication with Transfer of Exogenous PDGF Gene

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. 273-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Y Liu ◽  
Xiao Tian Wang ◽  
Evangelos Badiavas ◽  
Kimberley Rieger-Christ ◽  
Jin Bo Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flap Survival ◽  
Ischemic Flap

scholarly journals Influence of minoxidil on ischemic cutaneous flaps in rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 450-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério de Castro Bittencourt ◽  
Maria de Lourdes Pessole Biondo-Simões ◽  
Josué Brunginski de Paula ◽  
Juliano Martynetz ◽  
Anne Groth
Keyword(s):  
Saline Solution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Flap Necrosis ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Orogastric Tube ◽  
Epigastric Artery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control ◽  
Ischemic Flap

PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of minoxidil, a well known vasodilator, on ischemic flap necrosis prevention in rats. METHODS: Ventral cutaneous flaps, measuring 8x4cm, were designed in 20 Wistar rats based on the right cranial epigastric artery. In the experiment group, 50 mg/kg/day of minoxidil sulfate was administered by orogastric tube and the same amount of saline solution was administered to the control group. Such procedure was initiated 24h before surgery and kept once a day through the 7th postoperative day. Microcirculation was evaluated with laser fluxometry 24h before surgical procedure, at immediate postoperative and at the 7th postoperative day. Flap necrosis area was evaluated by 2 methods: planimetry and weight/paper ratio. RESULTS: A significant flow increase in distal and medial extremity at M1 (medial point 1) (p=0,0484) was observed in the experiment group. There was significant difference in flap necrosis prevention in the experiment group (p=0,0433), although after necrosis took place there was no significant difference in necrosis size. (p=0,1051 and p=0,2799). CONCLUSION: Minoxidil sulfate is effective in avoiding necrosis in ischemic flaps, but after necrosis is present there is no difference in survival area between experimental and control groups.

109 Use of EPR Spectroscopy to Measure Tissue Oxygen in an Ischemic Flap Model

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. A29-A29 ◽  
Author(s):  
LJ Gould ◽  
J Mushkudiani ◽  
H Hou ◽  
OY Grinberg ◽  
S Grinberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epr Spectroscopy ◽  
Tissue Oxygen ◽  
Ischemic Flap

The Effect of Postoperative Aspirin on Random Pattern Flaps in Rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 1126-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avshalom Shalom ◽  
Tal Friedman ◽  
Melvyn Westreich
Keyword(s):  
Operative Procedure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Random Pattern ◽  
Skin Flaps ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Flap Survival ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Important Relationship ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Ischemic Flap

Our laboratory has been studying the effect of aspirin, given alone or in combination with other medications, on random pattern skin flaps. We have consistently found that preoperative aspirin in high doses (200 mg/kg) increases flap survival, apparently as a result of its ability to modify the inflammatory reaction and/or direct vasodilatation, and not as a consequence of antiaggregation of platelets. In an effort to further elucidate how this effect is modulated, we designed this experiment in which we gave aspirin after the operative procedure to simulate an acute clinical surgical problem such as a failing or ischemic flap. Our results failed to show any difference between the rats that received postoperative aspirin and the untreated control group. It would appear that aspirin given postoperatively is not able to counteract the noxious elements that affect flap survival. This work indicates an important relationship between the timing of administration and the beneficial effects of aspirin. By investigating fully the mechanism whereby aspirin is able to improve flap survival, we hope to isolate this mechanism so an alternative pharmacological agent, safer than aspirin, can be found for clinical use.

THE EFFECT OF PIRACETAM IN ISCHEMIC FLAP VASCULARISATION

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Rossillon ◽  
B Bayet ◽  
M Huymans ◽  
P Englebert ◽  
Ides Stren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Statistical Study ◽  
Local Blood Flow ◽  
Cell Deformability ◽  
Red Cell Deformability ◽  
Control Series ◽  
Thoracic Part ◽  
Regression Tests ◽  
Epigastric Flap ◽  
Ischemic Flap

Piracetam. a drug traditionally used for stimulating the telencephalon has a strong anti-aggregant, anti spasmodic and rheological action, due to its antisludge effect and the increase of the red cell deformability capacity. The authors show the interest of this substance in reconstructive surgery : Piracetam significantly increases the circulation in the flaps, reduces the zones prone to necrosis and allows for a faster skin expansion. The first three experiments have been performed on rats - on an epigastric flap with thoracic pedicle-. In the first one. we operated on 150 rats divided into 5 groups: a control series, and 4 series which received the following doses of Piracetam per os : 20.40.80 and 100 mg/100 g/day. The necrotic area, as measured daily, represents 13.8%+−2.6 (+− SEM) in the control series. 6% +− 0.8 in the series with 20 mg/100 g. 2.53% +− 0.66 in that with 40 mg/100 g. 1.67% +− 0.4 in thatwith 80 mg/100 g and 2.77% +− 1.96 in that with 100 mg/100 g. (all these percentages are expressed versus the overall surface). A thorough statistical study including the AN0VA table.“t” and regression tests shows that these differences are significant at 0.0001 for the 40 mg/100 g dosis and 0.0000 for the 80 mg/100 g dosis. A second experiment measured the local blood flow in 4 areas of the flap from its thoracic basis towards its epigastric point thanks to the radio-active microsphere technique described 1n rats by He Oevitt and Mallck. Measures were carried out on 60 rats divided into 3 groups : control series without flap, series with a flap at the second post-operative day without Piracetam. series with a flap at thesecond post-operative day with Piracetam.With Piracetam. the increase of the bloodflow in the thoracic part proximal to th flap (zone 1) is of 60% +− 13 (p < 0.0000). that of zone 2 of 72% +< 20 (p < 0.0008). that of zone 3 of 92% +< 23 (p < 0.0003), and finally that of the epigastric zone 4 of 117% +− 40 (p <0.004) (vs the overall surface). A thirdexperiment measured the temperature difference of these 4 zones by means of a, thermocouple according to the method described by Jones in 1983 and it compared the results obtained with the flow measured by microspheres. Finally, in a last experiment, the blood flow in expanded tissueswith- and without- piracetam 40 mg/100 gwas measured with a laser-doppler.Therefore it was concluded that piracetam is a useful drug to prevent necrosis in flaps. It can also be used to expand tissues more quickly.

Deferoxamine Decreases Necrosis in Dorsally Based Pig Skin Flaps

1989 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 559-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory S. Weinstein ◽  
Michael D. Maves ◽  
Michael L. McCormack
Keyword(s):  
Porcine Model ◽  
Skin Flap ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Flap Necrosis ◽  
Flap Surgery ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Ischemic Flap ◽  
Group 1

Deferoxamine, a free radical scavenger and iron chelator, has been shown to improve skin flap survival in ischemic flap surgery in rats. The present study investigates the value of deferoxamine in ischemic flap surgery in the porcine model. Four 4 × 12 cm flaps, 3 cm apart and 3 cm from the dorsal midline, were elevated on each of six female pigs, weighing 50 to 60 pounds each. The animals were divided into two test groups. Group 1 received six 1 gm doses of deferoxamine in 4 ml of sterile water intramuscularly every 6 hours preoperatively for five doses, followed by the administration of 1 g every 6 hours for the first 6 days postoperatively. Group 2 received 4 ml of normal saline administered intramuscularly as above. The percentage of flap necrosis was assessed on postoperative day 7 by the weighing paper technique. Group 1 had 17.1% necrosis and group 2 had 33% necrosis ( p < 0.005). Deferoxamine has decreased flap necrosis in the porcine model and may be of use in augmenting the surviving length of flaps in human beings,

Activated Protein C Improves Ischemic Flap Survival and Modulates Proangiogenic and Antiinflammatory Gene Expression

2009 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 502-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bezuhly ◽  
Steven F. Morris ◽  
Ridas Juskevicius ◽  
R William Currie ◽  
Kenneth A. West ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Activated Protein C ◽  
Flap Survival ◽  
Ischemic Flap
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