Towards harnessing local natural clay in power to X technologies: Review on syngas production using low cost catalyst extruded as honeycomb monolith

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarik Chafik
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Clay ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Honeycomb Monolith

scholarly journals Development of low-cost iron mixed porous pellet adsorbent by mixture design approach and its application for arsenate and arsenite adsorption from water

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 372-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borano Te ◽  
Boonchai Wichitsathian ◽  
Chatpet Yossapol ◽  
Watcharapol Wonglertarak
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Mixture Design ◽  
Alkaline Condition ◽  
P Value ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Natural Clay ◽  
Optimum Proportion ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Arsenite Removal

In this study, natural clay, iron oxide, and iron powder were combined to develop low-cost iron mixed porous pellet adsorbent for arsenate and arsenite removal from aqueous solution in batch experiments. The augmented simplex centroid mixture design was applied to obtain the optimum proportion of each constituent. Higher correlation coefficient of the models (R2 > 0.95), good distribution of residuals, and lower values of p value (<0.05) indicated that the method is suitable for determining the optimum mixture proportion. Extensive decrease of both arsenate and arsenite adsorption occurred in the alkaline condition (pH > 9). Kinetic and isotherm experimental data of both arsenate and arsenite were well described by the pseudo-second order and Sips models, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of arsenate and arsenite derived from Sips model were 13.33 and 19.06 mg/g, respectively. The separation and heterogeneity factors showed that both arsenate and arsenite were favorably adsorbed. Among coexisting anions, phosphate significantly showed negative effect on the adsorption of either arsenate or arsenite. The adsorbent could be effectively reused for several times after its regeneration and was considered as non-hazardous material after adsorption.

scholarly journals Co-Gasification of Treated Solid Recovered Fuel Residue by Using Minerals Bed and Biomass Waste Blends

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2081
Author(s):  
Md Tanvir Alam ◽  
Se-Won Park ◽  
Sang-Yeop Lee ◽  
Yean-Ouk Jeong ◽  
Anthony De Girolamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Pine Sawdust ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Cold Gas Efficiency ◽  
Natural Minerals ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Gas Efficiency ◽  
Bed Material

Solid recovered fuel (SRF) residue, which is leftovers from the SRF manufacturing process, usually is discarded in landfill because of its low heating value and high ash and moisture content. However, it could be used as a fuel after mechanical and biological treatment. Gasification experiments were conducted on treated SRF residue (TSRFR) to assess the viability of syngas production. Efforts were also made to improve the gasification performance by adding low-cost natural minerals such as dolomite and lime as bed material, and by blending with biomass waste. In the case of additive mineral tests, dolomite showed better performance compared to lime, and in the case of biomass blends, a 25 wt% pine sawdust blend with TSRFR showed the best performance. Finally, as an appropriate condition, a combined experiment was conducted at an equivalence ratio (ER) of 0.2 using a 25 wt% pine sawdust blend with TSRFR as a feedstock and dolomite as the bed material. The highest dry gas yield (1.81 Nm3/kg), with the highest amount of syngas (56.72 vol%) and highest lower heating value (9.55 MJ/Nm3) was obtained in this condition. Furthermore, the highest cold gas efficiency (48.64%) and carbon conversion rate (98.87%), and the lowest residue yield (11.56%), tar (0.95 g/Nm3), and gas pollutants content was observed.

scholarly journals Syngas production plus reducing carbon dioxide emission using dry reforming of methane: utilizing low-cost Ni-based catalysts

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeid Abbasi ◽  
Mohsen Abbasi ◽  
Firouz Tabkhi ◽  
Benyamin Akhlaghi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Methane Conversion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Dry Reforming Of Methane ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Heterogeneous Model ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Steam Reformers

Applicability of using Dry Reforming of Methane (DRM) using low-cost Ni-based catalysts instead of Conventional Steam Reformers (CSR) to producing syngas simultaneously with reducing the emission of carbon dioxide was studied. In order to achieving this goal, a multi-tubular recuperative thermally coupled reactor which consists of two-concentric-tubes has been designed (Thermally Coupled Tri- and Dry Reformer [TCTDR]). By employing parameters of an industrial scale CSR, two proposed configuration (DRM with fired-furnace and Tri-Reforming of Methane (TRM) instead of fired-furnace (TCTDR)) was simulated. A mathematical heterogeneous model was used to simulate proposed reactors and analyses were carried out based on methane conversion, hydrogen yield and molar flow rate of syngas for each reactor. The results displayed methane conversion of DRM with fired-furnace was 35.29% and 31.44% for Ni–K/CeO2–Al2O3 and Ni/La2O3 catalysts, respectively, in comparison to 26.5% in CSR. Methane conversion in TCTDR reached to 16.98% by Ni/La2O3 catalyst and 88.05% by NiO–Mg/Ce–ZrO2/Al2O3 catalyst in TRM side. Also, it was 15.88% using Ni–K/CeO2–Al2O3 catalyst in the DRM side and 88.36% using NiO–Mg/Ce–ZrO2/Al2O3 catalyst in TRM side of TCTDR. Finally, the effect of different amounts of supplying energy on the performance of DRM with fired-furnace was studied, and positive results in reducing the energy consumption were observed.

scholarly journals Novel preparation of low-cost support for NaA zeolite membrane by utilizing natural clay

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gangling Chen ◽  
Jianying Zhang ◽  
Tianlin Ma ◽  
Yujie Wang ◽  
Guihua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Structure ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Direct Synthesis ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Zeolite Membrane ◽  
Natural Clay ◽  
Naa Zeolite ◽  
Naa Zeolite Membrane

AbstractThe membrane support is the basis for the preparation and application of the zeolite membrane and its cost and properties directly determine the performance of the zeolite membrane as well as its industrial applications. In this paper, the direct synthesis of NaA zeolite membrane on a novel low-cost support via an in situ reaction by utilizing natural clay can enable a significant reduction in manufacturing costs. During the preparation of the support for the NaA zeolite membrane, additives, such as Al2O3, Al(OH)3 and AlF3, were combined with kaolin clay and used as alumina precursors. Using the resulting porous mullite support, the effects of the firing temperature on the permeability and pore structure of the support were investigated extensively. The results of the experiment showed that silica in the natural clay was reacted by the Al2O3 precursor additives, producing a needle-like mullite in situ that served as a rigid skeleton porous structure for the support. Thus, a network porous structure of the mullite support could be formed during sintering process. The prepared network porous structure mullite supports exhibited a high pure water permeance of 3324 L m2 h1 bar1, open porosity of 41.8% and a mean pore size of 1.36 µm which was ideal for the preparation of the NaA zeolite membrane.

scholarly journals Characterization and modification of natural clay deposits to develop clay-based adsorbent to remove phosphorus from contaminated water

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Farzana Nargis
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Natural Clay ◽  
Phosphorus Adsorption ◽  
Modified Clay ◽  
Clay Deposits

Modification of natural clays may be a useful approach to produce an effective and low-cost adsorbent to control phosphorous, which is a key factor in controlling the eutrophication of surface waters. In this study, natural clay samples were collected, characterized, modified with ZrCl4, and then their adsorption capacity for removing phosphorus from contaminated water was studied. XRD analysis showed that the natural clay consists of kaolinite, illite, and nontronite as dominant clay mineral phases. The maximum adsorption capacity of the modified clay increased from 0.493 to 11.83 mg P/g compared to the unmodified clay. The adsorption process was fast for both natural and modified samples, achieving more than 80% and 90% phosphorus removal with natural and modified samples, respectively in less than 4 hours. The adsorption data for both clays best fit the Langmuir isotherm, and the rate of phosphorus adsorption was found to follow a pseudo-secondorder kinetic model. The adsorption capacity of both adsorbents decreased with increasing pH, and for the modified clay the change was more significant. Full factorial design and response surface methodology were applied to evaluate and optimize the effects of initial P concentration, contact time, pH, and dose. From the model, the maximum P removal efficiency predicted for the synthetic solution was 91.5% and 99.9% by natural and modified clay, respectively. R2(≈0.98) indicates that the observed results fitted well with the model prediction. Similar to the batch studies, the fixed bed column study showed the developed adsorbents are efficient in removing phosphorus from water in a continuous process as well.

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