Mathematics of an epidemiology-genetics model for assessing the role of insecticides resistance on malaria transmission dynamics

AbstractAnopheles funestus is playing an increasing role in malaria transmission in parts of sub-Saharan Africa, where An. gambiae s.s. has been effectively controlled by long-lasting insecticidal nets. We investigated vector population bionomics, insecticide resistance and malaria transmission dynamics in 86 study clusters in North-West Tanzania. An. funestus s.l. represented 94.5% (4740/5016) of all vectors and was responsible for the majority of malaria transmission (96.5%), with a sporozoite rate of 3.4% and average monthly entomological inoculation rate (EIR) of 4.57 per house. Micro-geographical heterogeneity in species composition, abundance and transmission was observed across the study district in relation to key ecological differences between northern and southern clusters, with significantly higher densities, proportions and EIR of An. funestus s.l. collected from the South. An. gambiae s.l. (5.5%) density, principally An. arabiensis (81.1%) and An. gambiae s.s. (18.9%), was much lower and closely correlated with seasonal rainfall. Both An. funestus s.l. and An. gambiae s.l. were similarly resistant to alpha-cypermethrin and permethrin. Overexpression of CYP9K1, CYP6P3, CYP6P4 and CYP6M2 and high L1014S-kdr mutation frequency were detected in An. gambiae s.s. populations. Study findings highlight the urgent need for novel vector control tools to tackle persistent malaria transmission in the Lake Region of Tanzania.

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ROLE OF REINFECTION IN TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS OF COVID-19: A SEMI-ANALYTICAL APPROACH USING DIFFERENTIAL TRANSFORM METHOD

MALAYSIAN JOURNAL OF COMPUTING ◽

10.24191/mjoc.v6i1.9814 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 745

Author(s):

Opeyemi Odetunde ◽

Jibril Lawal ◽

Ally Yeketi Ayinla

Keyword(s):

Treatment Strategies ◽

Differential Transform Method ◽

Host Community ◽

Transmission Dynamics ◽

Transform Method ◽

Social Distancing ◽

Linear System Of Equations ◽

Differential Transform ◽

Non Linear System

Reinfection of a recovered individual either as a result of relapse or new contact no doubt poses a major threat to the eradication of an infection within the host community. In this work, the role of re-infection in the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 was considered and analysed using the semi-analytical tool Differential Transform Method (DTM). COVID-19 (also known as Coronavirus) has shut down the economy of the world since it became a global pandemic. A mathematical model was constructed with consideration of multiple pathways of infection transmission, the treatment strategies and policies adopted (social distancing, wearing of face mask and so on) to limit the spread of the infection globally. The non-linear system of equations governing the model was solved using DTM and the resulting series solution was compared with the standard numeric Runge-Kutta order 4 (RK4). It was discovered that re-integration of a recovered individual into the susceptible community without observing the prevention guidelines such as social distancing, washing of hands and proper sanitizing could increase the spread of the infection since the recovered individuals are not guaranteed of immunity against the infection after recovery. The study concluded that families of recovered patients must ensure adequate preventive measure while integrating their recovered loved ones back to their midst.

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Effects of climate change on Plasmodium vivax malaria transmission dynamics: A mathematical modeling approach

Applied Mathematics and Computation ◽

10.1016/j.amc.2018.11.001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 347 ◽

pp. 616-630 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jung Eun Kim ◽

Yongin Choi ◽

Chang Hyeong Lee

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Mathematical Modeling ◽

Plasmodium Vivax ◽

Malaria Transmission ◽

Vivax Malaria ◽

Transmission Dynamics ◽

Modeling Approach ◽

Plasmodium Vivax Malaria

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LB1555 Understanding the role of the mosquito GILT in malaria transmission in the skin

Journal of Investigative Dermatology ◽

10.1016/j.jid.2018.06.091 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 138 (9) ◽

pp. B15

Author(s):

M. Freudzon ◽

T. Schleicher ◽

J. Yang ◽

E. Fikrig

Keyword(s):

Malaria Transmission

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TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS OF DENGUE IN COSTA RICA: THE ROLE OF HOSPITALIZATIONS

Revista de Matemática Teoría y Aplicaciones ◽

10.15517/rmta.v27i1.39977 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 241-266

Author(s):

FABIO SANCHEZ ◽

JORGE ARROYO-ESQUIVEL ◽

PAOLA VÁSQUEZ

Keyword(s):

Costa Rica ◽

Compartmental Model ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Transmission Dynamics ◽

Basic Reproductive Number ◽

Reproductive Number ◽

Specific Parameter ◽

Public Health Officials ◽

Disease Free

For decades, dengue virus has caused major problems for public health officials in tropical and subtropical countries around the world. We construct a compartmental model that includes the role of hospitalized individuals in the transmission dynamics of dengue in Costa Rica. The basic reproductive number, R0, is computed, as well as a sensitivity analysis on R0 parameters. The global stability of the disease-free equilibrium is established. Numerical simulations under specific parameter scenarios are performed to determine optimal prevention/control strategies.

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Global Stability of Malaria Transmission Dynamics Model with Logistic Growth

Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society ◽

10.1155/2018/5759834 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abadi Abay Gebremeskel

Keyword(s):

Sensitivity Analysis ◽

Global Stability ◽

Malaria Transmission ◽

Equilibrium Points ◽

Transmission Dynamics ◽

Logistic Growth ◽

Asymptotically Stable ◽

Dynamics Model ◽

Globally Asymptotically Stable ◽

The Impact

Mathematical models become an important and popular tools to understand the dynamics of the disease and give an insight to reduce the impact of malaria burden within the community. Thus, this paper aims to apply a mathematical model to study global stability of malaria transmission dynamics model with logistic growth. Analysis of the model applies scaling and sensitivity analysis and sensitivity analysis of the model applied to understand the important parameters in transmission and prevalence of malaria disease. We derive the equilibrium points of the model and investigated their stabilities. The results of our analysis have shown that if R0≤1, then the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable, and the disease dies out; if R0>1, then the unique endemic equilibrium point is globally asymptotically stable and the disease persists within the population. Furthermore, numerical simulations in the application of the model showed the abrupt and periodic variations.

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