Domain switching criterion for ferroelectric single crystals under uni-axial electromechanical loading

Application of new materials, such as PMN-PT single crystals, requires a good understanding of basic material performance under both electrical and mechanical loading. Over the past 5 years the authors have used both computational and experimental techniques to examine the relationships between poling direction, crystal orientation, and electric field actuation. Experiments show mixed results indicating that the relationship between material orientation and loading is more complex than originally imagined. In some cases crack initiation and propagation perpendicular to the applied field was observed within a few thousand cycles but in other cases no failure was observed even after a few hundred thousand cycles despite crack growth in the presence of introduced defects. Computational effort quickly identified a gap between development of theoretical constitutive models that addressed domain switching based nonlinear behavior and what was available in workable form as part of commercial finite element codes. This led to the implementation of a macro-mechanical constitutive model which addresses domain switching, into a commercially available finite element code. The rate independent version has been used to investigate issues of electric field actuation and poling direction. Presented here are insights into the fracture and fatigue behavior of piezoelectric single crystals from both experimental and computational studies.

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A comparative study on the domain switching characteristics of near stoichiometric lithium niobate and lithium tantalate single crystals

Materials Science and Engineering B ◽

10.1016/j.mseb.2005.02.008 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 120 (1-3) ◽

pp. 125-129 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

S. Ganesamoorthy ◽

M. Nakamura ◽

S. Takekawa ◽

S. Kumaragurubaran ◽

K. Terabe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lithium Niobate ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Single Crystals ◽

Domain Switching ◽

Lithium Tantalate ◽

Switching Characteristics

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Investigations on Multi-axial Domain Switching Criteria for Piezoceramics

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-881-cc1.4 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 881 ◽

Author(s):

Bernd Laskewitz ◽

Dayu Zhou ◽

Marc Kamlah

Keyword(s):

Electric Field ◽

Electric Fields ◽

Domain Switching ◽

Axial Stress ◽

Initial Domain ◽

Hollow Cylinders ◽

Thin Walled ◽

Electromechanical Loading ◽

Stress States ◽

Strain Responses

AbstractInitially unpoled soft PZT was subjected to a proportional, coaxial electromechanical loading. The ratio of compressive stress to electric field was changed between the experiments. From this series of nonlinear polarization and strain responses were obtained. Based on an offset method, initial domain switching states in the two-dimensional stress-electric field space were determined. In continuum mechanics, thin walled tubes are used to investigate multi-axial stress states. In this context, thin walled means a ratio of wall thickness to radius of 1:10 or thinner. However, simple linear dielectric analysis indicates an inhomogeneous electric field distribution in such geometries.Therefore, the suitability of hollow cylinders (in the range from thick to thin walled tubes) for multi-axial electromechanical experiments has to be investigated. Simulations with a finite element tool based on a phenomenological constitutive model for ferroelectric and ferroelastic hysteresis behavior were performed. The results confirm inhomogeneous distributions of electric fields and stresses after poling. A geometry variation is discussed to minimize these effects.

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Indentation-induced cracking and 90° domain switching pattern in barium titanate ferroelectric single crystals under different poling

Materials Letters ◽

10.1016/s0167-577x(02)00764-4 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 198-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

F Fang ◽

W Yang

Keyword(s):

Barium Titanate ◽

Single Crystals ◽

Domain Switching ◽

Switching Pattern

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In situ observation of the motion of ferroelectric domain walls in Bi4Ti3O12 single crystals

Journal of Applied Crystallography ◽

10.1107/s1600576716012267 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 49 (5) ◽

pp. 1645-1652 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Wanneng Ye ◽

Lingli Tang ◽

Chaojing Lu ◽

Huabing Li ◽

Yichun Zhou

Keyword(s):

Electron Beam ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Single Crystals ◽

Transmission Electron Microscope ◽

Domain Walls ◽

Domain Switching ◽

Ferroelectric Domain ◽

In Situ Observation ◽

Transmission Electron

Five types of ferroelectric domain walls (DWs) are present in Bi4Ti3O12 single crystals (Ye et al., 2015). Here their motion was investigated in situ using transmission electron microscopy and optical microscopy. The motion of P (a)-90° DWs, P (a)-180° DWs and P (c)-180° DWs was observed through electron beam poling in a transmission electron microscope. The growth of new P s(a)-180° nanodomains was frequently seen and they tended to nucleate at preexisting P s(a)-90° DWs. Irregularly curved P (c)-180° DWs exhibit the highest mobility, while migration over a short range occurs occasionally for faceted P s(a)-90° DWs. In addition, the motion of P s(a)-90° DWs and the growth/annihilation of new needle-like P s(a)-90° domains in a 20 µm-thick crystal were observed under an external electric field on an optical microscope. Most of the new needle-like P s(a)-90° domains nucleate at preexisting P s(a)-90° DWs and the former are much smaller than the latter. This is very similar to the situation for P s(a)-180° domain switching induced by electron beam poling in a transmission electron microscope. Our observations suggest the energy hierarchy for different domains of P s(c)-180° ≤ P s(a)-180° ≤ P s(a)-90° ≤ new needle-like P s(a)-90° in ferroelectric Bi4Ti3O12.

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Equilibrium Conditions and Evolution of Needle Domain Arrays in Ferroelectric Single Crystals

Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Integrated System Design and Implementation; Bio-Inspired Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting ◽

10.1115/smasis2012-8193 ◽

2012 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dorinamaria Carka ◽

Chad M. Landis

Keyword(s):

Single Crystals ◽

Periodic Boundary Conditions ◽

Loading Conditions ◽

Phase Field Modeling ◽

Equilibrium Conditions ◽

Periodic Arrays ◽

Linear Finite Element ◽

Field Modeling ◽

Representative Unit Cell ◽

Electromechanical Loading

Experimental imaging of ferroelectric single crystals often reveals the formation of periodic arrays of needle-shaped domains of a compatible polarization variant coexisting with a homogeneous single domain parent variant. This study examines the far field electromechanical loading conditions that favor the formation, existence and evolution of compatible and stable needle domain array patterns using a phase-field modeling approach. The infinite arrays of needles are modeled via a representative unit cell and the appropriate electrical and mechanical periodic boundary conditions. A theoretical investigation of the generalized loading conditions is carried out to determine the sets of averaged loading states that lead to stationary needle tip locations. The resulting boundary value problems are solved using a non-linear finite element method to determine the details of the needle shape as well as the field distributions around the needle tips.

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Effect of the species of substituted ion on ferroelastic domain switching of rare-earth ion-doped ZrO2 pseudo-single crystals

Journal of Materials Research ◽

10.1557/jmr.1999.0022 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 142-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Takanori Kiguchi ◽

Atsushi Saiki ◽

Kazuo Shinozaki ◽

Nobuyasu Mizutani

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Phase Separation ◽

Single Crystals ◽

Domain Switching ◽

Volume Fraction ◽

Rare Earth Ion ◽

Microstructural Aspect ◽

The Difference

The difference of domain switching amount of 3 mol% R2O3−ZrO2 (R = Yb, Y, Dy, Gd, Eu, Sm) pseudo-single crystals with additive cation species was investigated from the microstructural aspect. The switching amount of Yb, Y, Dy, and Gd substituted ZrO2 was three times higher than that of Eu and Sm. The amount corresponded to the volume fraction of the t′-phase, and it indicated that phase separation proceeded, especially in Eu and Sm substituted ZrO2.

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