Molecular analysis of group A rotaviruses detected in hospitalized children from Rawalpindi, Pakistan during 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 160-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massab Umair ◽  
Bilal Haider Abbasi ◽  
Nadia Nisar ◽  
Muhammad Masroor Alam ◽  
Salmaan Sharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A

Molecular analysis of the NSP4 and VP6 genes of rotavirus strains recovered from hospitalized children in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 854-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Trigueiros Araújo ◽  
Marcos Bryan Heinemann ◽  
Joana D'Arc P. Mascarenhas ◽  
Rosane M. Santos Assis ◽  
Alexandre Madi Fialho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Nsp4 Genotype ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Viral Morphogenesis ◽  
Outer Capsid ◽  
Genotype A

Group A rotaviruses are the main cause of acute gastroenteritis in children throughout the world. The two outer capsid proteins, VP4 and VP7, define the P and G genotypes, respectively. Rotaviruses with P[8]G1, P[4]G2, P[8]G3 and P[8]G4 genotypes are predominant in infecting humans and the G9 genotype is emerging in most continents as the fifth most common G type worldwide. The inner capsid protein VP6 is responsible for subgroup (SG) specificities, allowing classification of rotaviruses into SG I, SG II, SG I+II and SG non-I-non-II. The non-structural protein 4 (NSP4) encoded by segment 10 has a role in viral morphogenesis and five genetic groups have been described, NSP4 genotypes A–E. The aim of this investigation was to characterize the NSP4 and VP6 genes of rotavirus strains recovered from hospitalized children. Thirty rotavirus strains were submitted to RT-PCR followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Among the different G and P genotype combinations, two distinct genetic groups could be recognized for the NSP4 gene. Twenty-eight clustered with NSP4 genotype B. The two P[4]G2 strains fell into NSP4 genotype A and clustered distinctly, with a 100 % bootstrap value. The strains distinguished within a group were closely related to each other at the nucleotide and amino acid levels. A phylogenetic tree was constructed for the VP6 gene including the human strains RMC100, E210, Wa, US1205 and 1076, and the animal strains Gott, NCDV, SA-11, FI-14 and EW. This is the first report on Brazilian rotavirus strains describing NSP4 genotype A strains associated with VP6 SG I, and NSP4 genotype B strains associated with VP6 SG II.

Molecular analysis of the gene 6 from a porcine group C rotavirus that encodes the NS34 equivalent of group A rotaviruses

Virology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 184 (2) ◽  
pp. 752-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Qian ◽  
Baoming Jiang ◽  
Linda J Saif ◽  
Saien Y Kang ◽  
Clem K Ojeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Group C Rotavirus ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A

scholarly journals The epidemiology of acute viral gastroenteritis in hospitalized children in Cordoba city, Argentina: an insight of disease burden

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel O. GIORDANO ◽  
Leonardo J. FERREYRA ◽  
María B. ISA ◽  
Laura C. MARTINEZ ◽  
Silvia I. YUDOWSKY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Viral Gastroenteritis ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Immuno Assay ◽  
Enzyme Immuno Assay ◽  
The Impact

Information concerning the disease burden of viral gastroenteritis has important implications for the use and monitoring the impact of public health policies. The present study, carried out in Córdoba city, Argentina, documents the epidemiology of severe viral diarrhea as well as the burden of viral gastrointestinal disease in the hospital children admission. A total of 133 stools were collected from hospitalized children (Town Childhood Hospital) suffering from acute diarrhea and studied for the presence of Group A rotavirus, astrovirus and adenovirus 40/41 by enzyme-immuno assay, between November 1997 and October 1998. Enteric viruses accounted for 42.1% of the total diarrheal cases analyzed. Group A rotaviruses, astroviruses, adenoviruses 40/41 and mixed infections were found in 35.3, 4.5, 1.5, and 0.8% studied specimens respectively. We estimated that 1 in 27 children in the 0-35 month-old cohort/range would be annually hospitalized for a viral gastroenteritis illness. The major impact on viral diarrhea lies on rotaviral infection, accouting for 84.0% of the viral diarrheal cases analyzed and for approximately one third of severe diarrheas requiring hospital admission in Córdoba City, Argentina.

Molecular analysis of group A rotaviruses detected in adults and adolescents with severe acute gastroenteritis in Italy in 2012

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 1073-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Ianiro ◽  
Roberto Delogu ◽  
Paolo Bonomo ◽  
Lucia Fiore ◽  
Franco M Ruggeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A

scholarly journals Rotaviruses and Rotavirus Vaccines

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 959
Author(s):  
Celeste M. Donato ◽  
Julie E. Bines
Keyword(s):  
Capsid Proteins ◽  
Virus Family ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccines ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Outer Capsid

Group A rotaviruses belong to the Reoviridae virus family and are classified into G and P genotypes based on the outer capsid proteins VP7 and VP4, respectively [...]

scholarly journals A Survey of G6 and G10 Serotypes of Group a Bovine Rotaviruses from Diarrheic Beef and Dairy Calves using Monoclonal Antibodies in ELISA

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lucchelli ◽  
S. Y. Kang ◽  
M. K. Jayasekera ◽  
A. V. Parwani ◽  
D. H. Zeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Positive Stool ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Beef Herds ◽  
Group A

Group A bovine rotaviruses (BRV) have been identified worldwide as a major cause of diarrhea in the young of many species, including humans. Group A rotaviruses are classified into serotypes on the basis of the outer capsid proteins, VP7 (G types) and VP4 (P types). To date, there are 14 G types of group A rotaviruses, with G1, G6, G8, and G10 described for BRV isolates. In this study, G6- and G lo-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the G typing of BRV-positive stool samples from diarrheic beef and dairy calves from South Dakota, Ohio, Michigan, Nebraska, and Washington, USA, and Ontario, Canada. ELISA plates were coated using a broadly reactive VP7 MAb (Common 60) or with G6- or G10-specific MAbs. BRV-positive fecal samples were diluted and added to duplicate wells, followed by the addition of polyclonal guinea pig anti-group A rotavirus serum as the secondary antibody. Several reference G6 and G10 BRV strains as well as other G types previously reported in cattle (G1, G2, G3, G8) and BRV-negative samples were included as G type specificity and negative controls. From a total of 308 field samples analyzed, 79% (244/308) tested positive by the broadly reactive VP7 MAb; of these, 54% (131/244) were G6 positive, 14% (35/244) were G10 positive, 4% (9/244) were both G6 and G10 positive, and 28% (69/244) were G6 and G10 negative. The negative samples may represent additional or undefined serotypes. The 89 samples from South Dakota were further subdivided into samples from beef ( n = 43) or dairy ( n = 46) herds. G6 was more prevalent in beef herd samples (67%) than in dairy herd samples (47.5%). In addition, dairy herds had higher percentages of G10-positive samples (17.5%) G6-G10 double positives (10%), and untypable samples (25%) than did beef herds, in which the prevalence of G10 positive samples was 5.5%, G6-G10 double positives was 5.5%, and untypable samples was 22%. Application of the serotype ELISA for the analysis of additional BRV samples will provide further epidemiologic data on the distribution of BRV serotypes in beef or dairy cattle, an important consideration for the development of improved BRV vaccines.

scholarly journals Expressive arts therapy for hospitalized children: a pilot study measuring cortisol levels

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garret Yount ◽  
Kenneth Rachlin ◽  
Jane Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Expressive Arts ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Expressive Arts Therapy ◽  
Wait List Control Group ◽  
Wait List Control ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cortisol Levels

This pilot study aimed at assessing the feasibility of capturing physiological evidence of reduced stress for hospitalized children following expressive arts therapy. Twenty-five patients were offered a novel form of expressive arts therapy, termed Healing Sock Creatures, during their stay in the hospital. Saliva samples were collected at two times in the afternoon for the purpose of measuring salivary cortisol levels. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups, a treatment group or a wait-list control group. A trend of decreased cortisol levels was apparent following therapy in the treatment group and concurrent steroid treatment, which is common in intensive care units, does not appear to interfere with the ability to measure decreased cortisol levels following therapy. Our results support the design of a formal study to assess physiological biomarkers of stress in hospital settings. To our knowledge, this is the first in-patient study assessing a biomarker of stress following expressive arts therapy for children

scholarly journals Electropherotypes and G-Types of Group A Rotaviruses Detected in Children with Diarrhea in Lagos, Nigeria

ISRN Virology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christianah Idowu Ayolabi ◽  
David Ajiboye Ojo ◽  
George Enyimah Armah
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Migration Pattern ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Health Care Centers ◽  
Virus Isolates

Approximately over 500,000 children die annually due to severe dehydrating diarrhea caused by rotaviruses. This work investigated rotavirus infection among children less than 5 years with diarrhea in Lagos and determined the circulating electropherotypes and genotypes of the virus isolates. Three hundred and two (n=302) stool samples from children below 60 months were collected from different hospitals and health care centers in Lagos and subjected to enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to determine the presence of Group A rotavirus, RT-PCR to determine the G-types, and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) to determine the electropherotypes. The results show that 60.3% of the samples showed distinct rotavirus RNA migration pattern, having long electropherotypes (55.3%) of seven variations dominating over the short electropherotypes (44.5%). Six different G-types were detected (G1, G2, G3, G4, G9, and G12). Serotypes G1 and G12 showed long electropherotypic pattern while G2, G3, and G9 exhibited either short or long electropherotype. All G4 detected show short electropherotypic pattern. In conclusion, information on the genomic diversity and RNA electropherotypes of rotaviruses detected in children with diarrhea in Lagos is reported in this study.

scholarly journals Clinical patterns and seasonal trends in respiratory syncytial virus hospitalizations in São Paulo, Brazil

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra E. VIEIRA ◽  
Klaus E. STEWIEN ◽  
Divina A. O. QUEIROZ ◽  
Edison L. DURIGON ◽  
Thomas J. TÖRÖK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Seasonal Trends ◽  
Group A ◽  
Clinical Patterns ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Group B

The respiratory viruses are recognized as the most frequent lower respiratory tract pathogens for infants and young children in developed countries but less is known for developing populations. The authors conducted a prospective study to evaluate the occurrence, clinical patterns, and seasonal trends of viral infections among hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract disease (Group A). The presence of respiratory viruses in children's nasopharyngeal was assessed at admission in a pediatric ward. Cell cultures and immunofluorescence assays were used for viral identification. Complementary tests included blood and pleural cultures conducted for bacterial investigation. Clinical data and radiological exams were recorded at admission and throughout the hospitalization period. To better evaluate the results, a non- respiratory group of patients (Group B) was also constituted for comparison. Starting in February 1995, during a period of 18 months, 414 children were included- 239 in Group A and 175 in Group B. In Group A, 111 children (46.4%) had 114 viruses detected while only 5 children (2.9%) presented viruses in Group B. Respiratory Syncytial Virus was detected in 100 children from Group A (41.8%), Adenovirus in 11 (4.6%), Influenza A virus in 2 (0.8%), and Parainfluenza virus in one child (0.4%). In Group A, aerobic bacteria were found in 14 cases (5.8%). Respiratory Syncytial Virus was associated to other viruses and/or bacteria in six cases. There were two seasonal trends for Respiratory Syncytial Virus cases, which peaked in May and June. All children affected by the virus were younger than 3 years of age, mostly less than one year old. Episodic diffuse bronchial commitment and/or focal alveolar condensation were the clinical patterns more often associated to Respiratory Syncytial Virus cases. All children from Group A survived. In conclusion, it was observed that Respiratory Syncytial Virus was the most frequent pathogen found in hospitalized children admitted for severe respiratory diseases. Affected children were predominantly infants and boys presenting bronchiolitis and focal pneumonias. Similarly to what occurs in other subtropical regions, the virus outbreaks peak in the fall and their occurrence extends to the winter, which parallels an increase in hospital admissions due to respiratory diseases.

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