Charged nanochannels endow COF membrane with weakly concentration-dependent methanol permeability

AbstrakDi era globalisasi ini, kebutuhan bahan bakar fosil semakin meningkat dan ketersediannya semakin menipis. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan bahan bakar alternatif seperti Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat dan mengkarakterisasi membran komposit kitosan-sodium alginat dari rumput laut coklat (Sargassum sp.) terfosforilasi sebagai Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC). PEM dibuat dengan 4 variasi perbandingan konsentrasi antara kitosan dengan sodium alginat 8:0, 8:1, 8:2, dan 8:4 (b/b). Membran komposit kitosan-sodium alginat difosforilasi dengan STPP 2N. Karakterisasi PEM meliputi: uji tarik, swelling air, kapasitas penukar ion, FTIR, SEM, permeabilitas metanol, dan konduktivitas proton. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut, membran yang optimal adalah perbandingan 8:1 (b/b) dengan nilai modulus young sebesar 0,0901 kN/cm2, swelling air sebesar 19,14 %, permeabilitas metanol sebesar 72,7 x 10-7, dan konduktivitas proton sebesar 4,7 x 10-5 S/cm. Membran komposit kitosan-sodium alginat terfosforilasi memiliki kemampuan yang cukup baik untuk bisa diaplikasikan sebagai membran polimer elektrolit dalam PEMFC. Kata kunci: kitosan, sodium alginat, terfosforilasi, PEMFC AbstractIn this globalization era, the needs of fossil fuel certainly increases, but its providence decreases. Therefore, we need alternative fuels such as Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC). The purpose of this study is preparationand characterization of phosphorylated chitosan-sodium alginate composite membrane from brown seaweed (Sargassum sp.) as Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC). PEM is produced with 4 variations of concentration ratio between chitosan and sodium alginate 8:0, 8:1, 8:2, and 8:4 (w/w). Chitosan-sodium alginate composite membrane phosphorylated with 2 N STPP. The characterization of PEM include: tensile test, water swelling, ion exchange capacity, FTIR, SEM, methanol permeability, and proton conductivity. Based on the analysis result, the optimal membrane is ratio of 8:1 (w/w) with the value of Young’s modulus about 0.0901 kN/cm2, water swelling at 19.14%, methanol permeability about 72.7 x 10-7, and proton conductivity about 4.7 x 10-5 S/cm. The phosphorylated chitosan-sodium alginate composite membrane has good potentials for the application of the polymer electrolyte membrane in PEMFC. Keywords: chitosan, sodium alginate, phosphorylated, PEMFC

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Highly selective sulfonated Poly (arylene ether nitrile) composite membranes containing copper phthalocyanine grafted graphene oxide for direct methanol fuel cell

High Performance Polymers ◽

10.1177/09540083211039412 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 095400832110394

Author(s):

Yan Ma ◽

Kaixu Ren ◽

Ziqiu Zeng ◽

Mengna Feng ◽

Yumin Huang

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Proton Conductivity ◽

Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽

Copper Phthalocyanine ◽

Composite Membranes ◽

Proton Exchange ◽

Methanol Permeability ◽

Arylene Ether ◽

Direct Methanol ◽

Sulfonated Poly

To improve the performances of sulfonated poly (arylene ether nitrile) (SPEN)–based proton exchange membranes (PEMs) in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), the copper phthalocyanine grafted graphene oxide (CP-GO) was successfully prepared via in situ polymerization and subsequently incorporated into SPEN as filler to fabricate a series of SPEN/CP-GO-X (X represents for the mass ratio of CP-GO) composite membranes. The water absorption, swelling ratio, mechanical properties, proton conductivity, and methanol permeability of the membranes were systematically studied. CP-GO possesses good dispersion and compatibility with SPEN matrix, which is propitious to the formation of strong interfacial interactions with the SPEN, so as to provide more efficient transport channels for proton transfer in the composite membranes and significantly improve the proton conductivity of the membranes. Besides, the strong π–π conjugation interactions between CP-GO and SPEN matrix can make the composite membranes more compact, blocking the methanol transfer in the membranes, and significantly reducing the methanol permeability. Consequently, the SPEN/CP-GO-1 composite membrane displayed outstanding tensile strength (58 MPa at 100% RH and 25°C), excellent proton conductivity (0.178 S cm−1 at 60°C), and superior selectivity (5.552 × 105 S·cm−3·s). This study proposed a new method and strategy for the preparation of high performance PEMs.

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Study of the Variation of Catalyst Loading in Cathode for SPEEK/CSMM Membrane in Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC)

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v69.3397 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 69 (9) ◽

Author(s):

S. E. Rosli ◽

M. N. A. Mohd-Norddin ◽

J. Jaafar ◽

R. Sudirman

Keyword(s):

Fuel Cell ◽

Membrane Electrode Assembly ◽

Cathode Side ◽

Catalyst Loading ◽

Methanol Permeability ◽

Membrane Electrode ◽

Anode Catalyst ◽

Ether Ether Ketone ◽

Poly Ether Ether Ketone ◽

Direct Methanol

Variation of anode catalyst loading for modified sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) with charged surface modifying macromolecules (cSMM) membrane was studied, in order to get the higher performance in DMFC. The best optimal anode catalyst loading was 4 mgcm-2 for 30% Pt/Ru based on our previous result for this application. The modified SPEEK/CSMM membrane was characterized to ensure of its better performance in term of water uptake and methanol permeability. In cathode side, the effect of 5% and 10% Pd/C in 2,4 and 6 mgcm-2 of catalyst loading has been investigated with a fuel cell assembly. The preparation method of catalyst ink and membrane electrode assembly (MEA) was based on Dr. Blade method and hot pressing by using catalyzed diffusion media (CDM) method. The air flowrates were varied from 25-1000ml min-1, while 1M methanol concentrations, 1 ml min-1 of methanol flowrate and 60°C operating temperature were kept constant. These parameters were tested on the performance of single cell DMFC with 4 cm2 electrodes.The optimization catalyst loading will enhance the DMFC performance. It was found, the best optimal cathode catalyst loading was 4 mgcm-2 for 10% Pd/C with 4 mgcm-2 for 30% Pt/Ru in anode side for this application.

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Sulfonated poly (arylene ether sulfone)-graft-sulfonated poly (vinyl alcohol) proton exchange membranes: Improved proton selectivity

High Performance Polymers ◽

10.1177/0954008320968164 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 095400832096816

Author(s):

Hailin Yu ◽

Yinghan Wang

Keyword(s):

Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Substitution Reaction ◽

Proton Exchange Membranes ◽

Proton Exchange ◽

Methanol Permeability ◽

Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽

H Nmr ◽

Arylene Ether ◽

High Proton ◽

Sulfonated Poly

Aldehyde terminated sulfonated poly (arylene ether sulfone) (SPAES-CHO) is prepared by a series of nucleophilic substitution reaction based on SPAES in this paper. Novel SPAES-graft-SPVA (SPAES-g-SPVA) membranes are fabricated by acetal reaction between SPAES-CHO and different amounts of sulfonated poly (vinyl alcohol) (SPVA). The 1H-NMR and FTIR indicate the successful preparation of SPAES-CHO and SPAES-g-SPVA membranes. With the introduction of SPVA, the SPAES-g-SPVA membranes have much lower methanol permeability than pure SPAES membrane and Nafion117 membrane. The methanol permeability coefficients of the SPAES-g-SPVA membranes decrease from 3.41 × 10−7 cm2 s−1 to 1.67 × 10−7 cm2 s−1 with the increase of SPVA content. And the proton conductivity of all the membranes is higher than 15 mS cm−1 at 25°C. Moreover, SPAES-g-SPVA membranes exhibit high proton selectivity. Especially, SPAES-g-SPVA-30% membrane has the highest proton selectivity, which is nearly five times higher than Nafion117.

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The preparation of novel sulfonated poly(aryl ether ketone sulfone)/TiO2 composite membranes with low methanol permeability for direct methanol fuel cells

High Performance Polymers ◽

10.1177/0954008320958044 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 095400832095804

Author(s):

Chengyun Yuan ◽

Yinghan Wang

Keyword(s):

Sulfonic Acid ◽

Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽

Composite Membranes ◽

Methanol Permeability ◽

Aryl Ether ◽

Direct Methanol ◽

Aryl Ether Ketone ◽

Ether Ketone ◽

Sulfonic Acid Groups ◽

Sulfonated Poly

A sulfonated poly(aryl ether ketone sulfone) (SPAEKS) with locally dense sulfonic acid groups is synthesized and different amounts of TiO2 is doped into SPAEKS matrix to prepare composite membranes (SPAEKS/TiO2-x). SEM shows that TiO2 in the composite membranes has good dispersibility when TiO2 content is not higher than 3%. The composite membranes show good mechanical properties, dimensional stability and oxidative stability. The proton conductivity of composite membranes is near to that of Nafion 117 membrane and methanol permeability of composite membranes is much lower than that of Nafion 117 membrane. Therefore, the proton selectivity of composite membranes is higher than that of Nafion 117 membrane. In particular, proton selectivity of SPAEKS/TiO2-3% (12.8 × 104 S s cm−3) is four times higher than that of Nafion 117 membrane (3.2 × 104 S s cm−3).

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Surface-modified fibrous membranes for fuel cell application

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20199001005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 90 ◽

pp. 01005

Author(s):

Noor Fatina Emelin Nor Fadzil ◽

Ebrahim Abouzari-Lotf ◽

Mohan V. Jacob ◽

Nurfatehah Wahyuny Che Jusoh ◽

Arshad Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Fuel Cell ◽

Proton Conductivity ◽

Composite Membrane ◽

Barrier Layer ◽

Methanol Permeability ◽

Low Permeability ◽

Membrane Selectivity ◽

Fuel Cell Application ◽

Fibrous Membranes ◽

Surface Modified

Low permeability layers of poly(1-vinylimidazole) were polymerised and deposited onto both sides of electrospun polyethersulfone (PES) nanofibrous sheet radiofrequency plasma. The layers not only act as an efficient fuel barrier layer but also impart high and stable proton conductivity, as well as better chemical and dimensional stabilities. Typically, the composite membrane exhibited methanol permeability as low as 33.20 x 10-8 cm2 s-1 and high through-plane proton conductivity of 52.4 mS cm-1 at 95% RH, indicating membrane selectivity of 0.675 x 108 mS.s cm-3, which is approximately 33 times greater than the selectivity of N115 under similar conditions.

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Composite Sulfonated Polyether-Ether Ketone Membranes with SBA-15 for Electrochemical Energy Systems

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13071570 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1570 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Rico-Zavala ◽

J. L. Pineda-Delgado ◽

A. Carbone ◽

A. Saccà ◽

E. Passalacqua ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Proton Conductivity ◽

Proton Exchange Membrane ◽

Energy Systems ◽

Composite Membranes ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Proton Exchange ◽

Inorganic Materials ◽

Methanol Permeability ◽

Ether Ketone ◽

Electrochemical Energy

The aim of this work is the evaluation of a Sulfonated Poly Ether-Ether Ketone (S-PEEK) polymer modified by the addition of pure Santa Barbara Amorphous-15 (SBA-15, mesoporous silica) and SBA-15 previously impregnated with phosphotungstic acid (PWA) fillers (PWA/SBA-15) in order to prepare composite membranes as an alternative to conventional Nafion® membranes. This component is intended to be used as an electrolyte in electrochemical energy systems such as hydrogen and methanol Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) and Electrochemical Hydrogen Pumping (EHP). The common requirements for all the applications are high proton conductivity, thermomechanical stability, and fuel and oxidant impermeability. The morphology of the composite membranes was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy- Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis. Water Uptake (Wup), Ion Exchange Capacity (IEC), proton conductivity, methanol permeability and other physicochemical properties were evaluated. In PEMFC tests, the S-PEEK membrane with a 10 wt.% SBA-15 loading showed the highest performance. For EHP, the inclusion of inorganic materials led to a back-diffusion, limiting the compression capacity. Concerning methanol permeability, the lowest methanol crossover corresponded to the composites containing 5 wt.% and 10 wt.% SBA-15.

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