Central Obesity and Normal-Weight Central Obesity Among Adults Attending Healthcare Facilities in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, South Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study

Metabolism ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 154059
Author(s):  
Eyitayo Omolara Owolabi ◽  
Daniel Ter Goon ◽  
Oladele Vincent Adeniyi
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Facilities

scholarly journals Cardiometabolic markers among Argentinean normal weight and overweight children with and without central obesity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Hirschler ◽  
Claudia Molinari ◽  
Silvia Lapertosa ◽  
Gustavo Maccallini ◽  
Claudio D Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Central Obesity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cardiometabolic Markers

Background: The association between central obesity and cardiometabolic complications justifies exploring its association in normal-weight and overweight/obese (OW/OB) schoolchildren. Objective: To describe cardiometabolic markers in four groups according to BMI/WC categories: 1) normal weight with central OB; 2) normal weight without central OB; 3) OW/OB with central OB; and 4) OW/OB without central OB, in a sample of Argentinean schoolchildren. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 1264 Argentinean schoolchildren (624 F), aged 9.5±2.2 years was performed between November 2013 and 2015. Children’s anthropometric measures, blood pressure (BP), glucose, lipids, and insulin were measured. Children were divided into four groups: 1) normal weight with and with central OB; 2) normal weight without central OB; 3) OW/OB with central OB; and 4) OW/OB without central OB. Results: The prevalence of normal weight children without central OB was 64.3% (796), normal weight with central 5% (66), OW/OB without central OB 11% (137), and OW/OB with central OB 21% (265). Normal weight with central OB had significantly higher triglycerides than normal weight children without central OB (86 vs 70 mg/dL, respectively) and OW/OB children without central OB (81vs 77 mg/dL). Multiple linear regression analyses showed that age, systolic BP, HDL-C, triglycerides, and maternal WC were significantly associated with children’s WC; R2=0.50 as well as children’s BMI; R2=0.37. Conclusion: This study found that children with central OB might be at future higher cardiometabolic risk than those without central OB independently of the presence of OW/OB. However, future longitudinal studies should be performed to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Prevalence of central obesity in a large sample of adolescents from public schools in Recife, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 607-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz H. M. Griz ◽  
Maíra Viégas ◽  
Mauro Barros ◽  
Adriana L. Griz ◽  
Eduardo Freese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Subject

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and association of central obesity (CO) and hypertension and its associations with alcohol intake, smoking and physical activity in adolescents. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Cross sectional study in 1,824 students from 29 public schools in Recife. RESULTS: 89.6% were normal weight, 6.7% overweight and 3.7% obese; 77.2% were normotensive, 5.9% prehypertensive and 16.9% hypertensive; CO was 10.2% when the 90th percentile was used as cutoff and 25.2% when the 75th percentile was used. There was a higher likelihood of central obesity among students aged 18 to 20 years, smoking and alcohol intake. The probability of hypertension increases if the subject is male, has a waist circumference (WC) > 90, WC > 75 and does not practice physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of CO and hypertension was found in adolescents. CO was more frequent in students aged 18 to 20 years, smokers and with alcohol intake and hypertension was associated with male, CO and no physical activity.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study measuring contact patterns using diaries in an urban and a rural community in South Africa, 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackie Kleynhans ◽  
Stefano Tempia ◽  
Meredith L. McMorrow ◽  
Anne von Gottberg ◽  
Neil A. Martinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rural Site ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Contact Rate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contact Rates ◽  
Contact Patterns

Abstract Background Describing contact patterns is crucial to understanding infectious disease transmission dynamics and guiding targeted transmission mitigation interventions. Data on contact patterns in Africa, especially South Africa, are limited. We measured and compared contact patterns in a rural and urban community, South Africa. We assessed participant and contact characteristics associated with differences in contact rates. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study nested in a prospective household cohort study. We interviewed participants to collect information on persons in contact with for one day. We described self-reported contact rates as median number people contacted per day, assessed differences in contact rates based on participant characteristics using quantile regression, and used a Poisson model to assess differences in contact rates based on contact characteristics within age groups. We also calculated cumulative person hours in contact within age groups at different locations. Results We conducted 535 interviews (269 rural, 266 urban), with 17,252 contacts reported. The overall contact rate was 14 (interquartile range (IQR) 9–33) contacts per day. Those ≤18 years had higher contact rates at the rural site (coefficient 17, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 10–23) compared to the urban site, for those aged 14–18 years (13, 95%CI 3–23) compared to < 7 years. No differences were observed for adults. There was a strong age-based mixing, with age groups interacting more with similar age groups, but also interaction of participants of all ages with adults. Children aged 14–18 years had the highest cumulative person hours in contact (116.3 rural and 76.4 urban). Conclusions Age played an important role in the number and duration of contact events, with children at the rural site having almost double the contact rate compared to the urban site. These contact rates can be utilized in mathematical models to assess transmission dynamics of infectious diseases in similar communities.

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