Molecular–genetic peculiarities of classical biotype Vibrio cholerae, the etiological agent of the last outbreak Asiatic cholera in Russia

In 2017, from October 15 to November 21, 5 cholera cases imported from India – 3 patients and 2 carriers of V. cholerae – were recorded in Almaty. The patients recovered from the disease. Objective of the study was to characterize the imported cases of cholera and investigate the properties of cholera vibrio strains isolated from patients and carriers of V. cholerae. Materials and methods. Revised were the medical records; blood sera, feces from patients and contact persons were assayed. Studied were sensitivity spectrum to antibacterial preparations of isolated V. cholerae strains according to the “Methodological guidelines on laboratory diagnosis of cholera”, dated September 27, 2010; No 252. Epidemiological, microbiological, immunological and molecular-genetic methods were applied for investigation. Results and conclusions. Consequently to molecular genetic studies, genes of specificity, wbeN and toxicity (epidemic significance), ctxA, tcpA were detected in samples from 3 patients and 2 contact persons. The isolated strains were identified as Vibrio cholerae O1 Eltor Inaba in two cases, and in one case – as Vibrio cholerae O1 Eltor Hykoshima, Heiberg group I, toxigenic, hemolysis negative in Greig test, virulent, highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin, doxycilin, erythromycin, tetracycline and moderately sensitive to levomycetin. It was established that the country of export in all the cases was India. Relevant anti-epidemic and preventive measures were undertaken to localize and eradicate the foci in order to prevent possible threat of epidemic spread of infections among the population.

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Dominant Vibrio cholerae phage exhibits lysis inhibition sensitive to disruption by a defensive phage satellite

eLife ◽

10.7554/elife.53200 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Stephanie G Hays ◽

Kimberley D Seed

Keyword(s):

Vibrio Cholerae ◽

Diarrheal Disease ◽

Mobile Genetic Elements ◽

Dynamic Environments ◽

Etiological Agent ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Environmental Sensing ◽

Cholera Vibrio ◽

Defensive Function ◽

Lysis Inhibition

Bacteria, bacteriophages that prey upon them, and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) compete in dynamic environments, evolving strategies to sense the milieu. The first discovered environmental sensing by phages, lysis inhibition, has only been characterized and studied in the limited context of T-even coliphages. Here, we discover lysis inhibition in the etiological agent of the diarrheal disease cholera, Vibrio cholerae, infected by ICP1, a phage ubiquitous in clinical samples. This work identifies the ICP1-encoded holin, teaA, and antiholin, arrA, that mediate lysis inhibition. Further, we show that an MGE, the defensive phage satellite PLE, collapses lysis inhibition. Through lysis inhibition disruption a conserved PLE protein, LidI, is sufficient to limit the phage produced from infection, bottlenecking ICP1. These studies link a novel incarnation of the classic lysis inhibition phenomenon with conserved defensive function of a phage satellite in a disease context, highlighting the importance of lysis timing during infection and parasitization.

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Studies on Immunity to Asiatic Cholera XI. The DIstribution of Complement-Fixing Antigen in Electrophoretic Fractions of Heat-Stable Cell Wall and Intracellular Substance of Vibrio Cholerae Serotypes

The Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/infdis/109.2.172 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 109 (2) ◽

pp. 172-182

Author(s):

W. Burrows ◽

G. M. Musteikis ◽

C. Danziger

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Vibrio Cholerae ◽

Heat Stable ◽

Asiatic Cholera

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Evidence of a Dominant Lineage of Vibrio cholerae-Specific Lytic Bacteriophages Shed by Cholera Patients over a 10-Year Period in Dhaka, Bangladesh

mBio ◽

10.1128/mbio.00334-10 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Kimberley D. Seed ◽

Kip L. Bodi ◽

Andrew M. Kropinski ◽

Hans-Wolfgang Ackermann ◽

Stephen B. Calderwood ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vibrio Cholerae ◽

Diarrheal Disease ◽

Molecular Genetic ◽

Diarrhoeal Disease ◽

Comparative Sequence Analysis ◽

Open Reading Frames ◽

Surveillance Period ◽

Content Type ◽

Stool Samples ◽

High Level

ABSTRACT Lytic bacteriophages are hypothesized to contribute to the seasonality and duration of cholera epidemics in Bangladesh. However, the bacteriophages contributing to this phenomenon have yet to be characterized at a molecular genetic level. In this study, we isolated and sequenced the genomes of 15 bacteriophages from stool samples from cholera patients spanning a 10-year surveillance period in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Our results indicate that a single novel bacteriophage type, designated ICP1 (for the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh cholera phage 1 ) is present in all stool samples from cholera patients, while two other bacteriophage types, one novel (ICP2) and one T7-like (ICP3), are transient. ICP1 is a member of the Myoviridae family and has a 126-kilobase genome comprising 230 open reading frames. Comparative sequence analysis of ICP1 and related isolates from this time period indicates a high level of genetic conservation. The ubiquitous presence of ICP1 in cholera patients and the finding that the O1 antigen of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serves as the ICP1 receptor suggest that ICP1 is extremely well adapted to predation of human-pathogenic V. cholerae O1. IMPORTANCE The severe diarrheal disease cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, which can be transmitted to humans from the aquatic environment. Factors that affect V. cholerae in the environment can impact the occurrence of cholera outbreaks; one of these factors is thought to be the presence of bacterial viruses, or bacteriophages. Bacteriophages that prey on V. cholerae in the environment, and potentially in humans, have not been extensively genetically characterized. Here, we isolated and sequenced the genomes of bacteriophages from cholera patient stool samples collected over a 10-year period in Dhaka, Bangladesh, a region that suffers from regular cholera outbreaks. We describe a unique bacteriophage present in all samples, infer its evolution by sequencing multiple isolates from different patients over time, and identify the host receptor that shows that the bacteriophage specifically predates the serogroup of V. cholerae responsible for the majority of disease occurrences.

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Molecular genetic characterization of Vibrio cholerae non-01/non-0139 strains isolated from ship ballast and port surface water in rostov region

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases (Russian Journal) ◽

10.17816/eid40889 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 47-50

Author(s):

I. B Zakharova ◽

S. Yu Vodyanitskaya ◽

M. V Podshivalova ◽

V. D Kruglikov ◽

I. V Arkhangelskaya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vibrio Cholerae ◽

Genetic Characterization ◽

Molecular Genetic ◽

Target Sequence ◽

Rostov Region ◽

Class 1 ◽

Integrative Conjugative Elements ◽

The Given ◽

Molecular Genetic Characterization

In the given paper there are presented the results of analysis for presence in genomes of Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 strains isolated from ships' ballast water and the coastal zone of Taganrog Gulf class 1 integrons (In1) and SXT/R391 integrative conjugative elements. The intact sequence of In13'-conservative segment (qacEdelta1-sul) was detected in 3 strains (no. 33, 59, 182), whereas in strains V. cholerae no. 28 and 52 there were revealed the probable changes of target sequence (duplication and deletion, respectively). The fragment of SXT/R391 integrase IntSXT gene was detected in 7 of 10 strains tested. Group of strains no. 27, 36, 38, 117 and 59, 182 belong to 2 most common identified genotypes, while the rest isolates are characterized by unique genotypes that indicates to different source of their origins.

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VIBRIO CHOLERAE

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2009.16.03.2800 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 16 (03) ◽

pp. 380-383

Author(s):

AMIR MOHAMMAD BABAR ◽

Mohammad Hanif Mengal ◽

CHANDI KAPOOR ◽

Ghulam Sarwar Pirkani ◽

MOHAMMAD IQBAL

Keyword(s):

Vibrio Cholerae ◽

Water Samples ◽

Water Reservoir ◽

Media Culture ◽

Etiological Agent ◽

University Hospital ◽

Microbiology Laboratory ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Culture And Sensitivity ◽

El Tor

b j e c t i v e : To isolate the etiological agent of diarrheal outbreak, identification, antibiogram of isolated bacteria. P a t i e n t s a ndM e t h o d s : Stool samples from patients and water samples from reservoir of water collected in transport media. Culture and sensitivity test wereperformed in Microbiology Laboratory of Bolan Medical Complex Hospital Quetta. The isolated strain was confirmed by National Institute ofHealth Laboratory Islamabad and Agha Khan University hospital laboratory Karachi. The outbreak was controlled by preventive measures.R e s u l t s : More than five thousand people affected in the outbreak, including all age and both sexes. Twenty three deaths (0.4%) occurred inthis outbreak. The stool samples from patients and from 5 water reservoir tanks collected for analysis of etiological agent responsible for theoutbreak. The stool and water samples revealed isolation of Vibrio cholerae Inaba, El Tor, which was sensitive to Ampicillin, Ciprofloxacin,Tetracycline, Doxycyline and intermediate to Choloramphenicol and Erythromycin. Resistant to Nalidixic Acid Polymaxin B, and Cotrimaxazole.C o n c l u s i o n : The Vibrio cholerae Inaba, El Tor was the causative agent of this outbreak and the first outbreak which occurred inBalochistan due to Vibrio cholerae Inaba, El Tor.

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