Interaction of cuprite with dialkyl dithiophosphates

2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan N. Buckley ◽  
Siew Wei Goh ◽  
William M. Skinner ◽  
Ronald Woods ◽  
Liang-Jen Fan
Keyword(s):  
Dialkyl Dithiophosphates

Nanoscale Mechanical Properties of In-Situ Tribofilms Generated from ZDDP and F-ZDDP with and without Antioxidants

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4378-4390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuradha Somayaji ◽  
Ramoun Mourhatch ◽  
Pranesh B. Aswath
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Wear Debris ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dialkyl Dithiophosphates ◽  
Wear Tests ◽  
Diphenyl Amine

Tribofilms with thickness ranging from 100–200 nm were developed in-situ during wear tests using a zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates (ZDDP) and fluorinated ZDDP (F-ZDDP). The influence of the antioxidant alkylated diphenyl amine on the formation and properties of these tribofilm is examined. Results indicate that the thickness of the tribofilms formed when F-ZDDP is used is always thicker than the tribofilm formed with ZDDP. In addition, in the presence of antioxidants the tribofilm thickness is increased. The hardness of these tribofilms in the absence of the antioxidants is significantly higher at the near surface region (0–30 nm) when compared to the films formed in the presence of antioxidant. Nanoscratch tests conducted to examine the abrasion resistance of the tribofilms also indicate that the tribofilms formed by F-ZDDP are more resistant to scratch compared to films formed by ZDDP. In the presence of antioxidant, tribofilms formed by F-ZDDP are significantly thicker while both films behave in a similar fashion in nanoscratch tests. Transmission electron microscopy of the wear debris formed during the tests were examined and results indicate the nucleation and growth of nanoparticles of Fe3O4 with an approximate size of 5–10 nm embedded within an otherwise amorphous tribofilm.

ChemInform Abstract: Zinc(II) Bis(O,O′-dialkyl dithiophosphates): Interaction with Small Nitrogen Bases.

1986 ◽  
Vol 17 (36) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. HARRISON ◽  
M. J. BEGLEY ◽  
T. KIKABHAI ◽  
F. KILLER
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Bases ◽  
Dialkyl Dithiophosphates

Nanoscale Studies of the Role of ZDDPs in the Wear Protection in the Automobile Engine

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Norton ◽  
Gavin Pereira ◽  
Yue-Rong Li ◽  
Andreas Lachenwitzer ◽  
Masoud Kasrai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Protective Film ◽  
Oil Additives ◽  
Wear Protection ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Dialkyl Dithiophosphates

The improvement of fuel consumption is an important driving force for research and development in the automobile industry in order to minimize greenhouse gas emissions as well as improving fuel economy. Aluminum alloys are a class of alternative materials that are being used to replace cast iron in motor components due to the concomitant weight savings which result in improved fuel efficiency, and cost savings. Our research focuses on these alternative Al-based alloys as well as traditional steel interfaces, and the protective films that form on the surfaces. Currently the zinc dialkyl-dithiophosphates (ZDDPs) have been used as engine oil additives for over 60 years. They are important chemically-active additives, known for their antioxidant and antiwear characteristics. ZDDPs are known to form a protective film (tribofilms) at rubbed surfaces, typically on iron containing metals surfaces commonly used in the automotive industry; however ZDDPs and the products formed are not well suited for the environment as they can readily poison the catalytic converters and their efficacy on Al-Si alloys is not well established.

DIALKYL DITHIOPHOSPHATES OF TANTALUM(V)

1991 ◽  
Vol 61 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushil K. Pandey ◽  
Ghanshyam Srivastava ◽  
Ram. C. Mehrotra
Keyword(s):  
Dialkyl Dithiophosphates

The Load-Carrying Properties of Metal Dialkyl Dithiophosphates: The Effect of Chemical Structure

1968 ◽  
Vol 183 (16) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Allum ◽  
E. S. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Metal Atom ◽  
Alkyl Group ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Mixed Lubrication ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Dialkyl Dithiophosphates

The extreme pressure (e.p.) and mixed lubrication or antiwear (a.w.) properties of a range of metal dialkyl dithiophosphates have been examined using the four ball machine. The results show that the nature of the metal atom is a major factor in determining these properties, and that the factors governing e.p. and a.w. activities are different. Thus the order of decreasing e.p. activity is Bi(III) > Ag(I), Pb(II) > Sb(III), Sn(II) ≥ Cd(II), Fe(III), Ni(II) > Zn(II), whilst the order of decreasing a.w. activity is Cd(II), Zn(II), Ni(II) ≥ Fe(III) > Ag(I) > Pb(II) > Sb(III), Sn(II) > Bi(III) for a series of 4-methylpentyl-2 and n-hexyl salts. The nature of the alkyl group has a lesser effect on either e.p. or a.w. properties. Possible explanations for these results are presented.

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