Improve thermal performance of Simulated-Body-Fluid as a solution with an ion concentration close to human blood plasma, by additive Zinc Oxide and its composites: ZnO/Carbon Nanotube and ZnO/Hydroxyapatite

Brushite cement has advantages such as fast setting, high reactivity and good injectability over apatitic cements. To induce the bioactivity of brushite cements, the goal was to convert it into a bone-like low crystalline carbonate apatite. To achieve this induced transformation, potassium and magnesium were used as dopants which were claimed to be effective in the literature. The cements were immersed for 2 periods of time: 1 day and 6 weeks in Tas-Simulated-Body-Fluid (Tas-SBF) due to its excellent biomimetic properties with its adjusted HCO3- and Cl- ionic rates according to human-blood-plasma. 5% of potassium (to calcium sites) seemed to be more effective over magnesium modification. The aim of this study is to define an optimal composition in terms of transforming brushite into apatite.

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BEHAVIOR OF PLASMA-SPRAYED HYDROXYAPATITE COATINGS ONTO CARBON/CARBON COMPOSITES IN SIMULATED BODY FLUID

Surface Review and Letters ◽

10.1142/s0218625x07010640 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 14 (06) ◽

pp. 1073-1078 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

JIN-LING SUI ◽

WU BO ◽

ZHOU HAI ◽

NING CAO ◽

MU-SEN LI

Keyword(s):

Simulated Body Fluid ◽

Calcium Ion ◽

Body Fluid ◽

Ph Value ◽

Carbon Composite ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Human Blood Plasma ◽

Hydroxyapatite Coatings ◽

Plasma Sprayed ◽

Calcium Ion Concentration

Two types of hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings onto carbon/carbon composite ( C / C composites) substrates, deposited by plasma spraying technique, were immersed in a simulated body fluid (SBF) in order to determine their behavior in conditions similar to the human blood plasma. Calcium ion concentration, pH value, microstructure, and phase compositions were analyzed. Results demonstrated that both the crystal Ca – P phases or the amorphous HA do dissolve slightly, and the dissolution of CaO phases in SBF was evident after 1 day of soaking. The calcium-ion concentration was decreased and the pH value of SBF was increased with the increasing of the immersing time. The precipitation was mainly composed of HA, which was verified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron-probe microanalyzer.

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Bioactivity Behavior of YSZ-Al2O3/10HAP Bioceramics Composites in Simulated Body Fluid

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.980.13 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 980 ◽

pp. 13-17

Author(s):

M.R.N. Liyana ◽

Nur Maizatul Shima Adzali ◽

M.Z.M. Zamzuri

Keyword(s):

Simulated Body Fluid ◽

Body Fluid ◽

Immersion Time ◽

Ph Value ◽

Dental Materials ◽

Biological Response ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Human Blood Plasma ◽

Apatite Formation

Yttria-stabilized zirconia and alumina made significant contributions to the development of health care industry, specifically as orthopedic and dental materials. Both bioceramics are nearly inert ceramics, as they do not allow the interfacial bonding with tissue. Thus, it is necessary to provide bioactive surrounding as to elicit a specific biological response at the interface of material. This research reported the microstructure and bioactivity behavior of YSZ-Al2O3/10HAP with 30 wt. % and 60 wt. % of YSZ content. Powders were mixed before being compacted at 225MPa using uni-axial press machine. The composites were sintered at 1200 ̊C with heating rate of 10 ̊C/min. In-vitro bioactivity behavior of the composites were evaluated by immersing the composites into simulated body fluid. Results from x-ray diffraction pattern, confirmed the phase formation of apatite by the presence of Ca2P2O7, and CaO that might be useful on implant cell interaction in a body environment. The apatite formation was observed on the surfaces of the composites by SEM only after 9 days of immersion and subsequently apatite nucleation increased with prolonging immersion time. The dynamic changes in pH, between ion concentration in SBF and bioceramics surfaces correspondedwith an immersion time. Up to 30 days of immersion, the pH value of SBF stabilized approximately around pH 7.4-7.6, similar to the human blood plasma. Formation of apatite on composites surface of prepared YSZ-Al2O3/10HAP bioceramics may contribute to the improved biocompatibility and osteoconductivity.

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Bioactive behaviors of porous apatite- and wollastonite-containing glass-ceramic in two kinds of simulated body fluid

Journal of Materials Research ◽

10.1557/jmr.2003.0055 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 433-441 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Yunlong Zhang ◽

Mineo Mizuno ◽

Masaaki Yanagisawa ◽

Hiroaki Takadama

Keyword(s):

Simulated Body Fluid ◽

Human Blood ◽

Porous Glass ◽

Glass Ceramic ◽

Body Fluid ◽

Formation Rate ◽

Human Blood Plasma ◽

Apatite Formation ◽

Testing Material ◽

Ion Concentrations

Simulated body fluid (SBF) has been widely used for assessment of bioactivities of different materials. Those kinds of conventional SBF (C-SBF) have a higher Cl− concentration and a lower HCO3− concentration than those of human blood plasma. Therefore, a revised simulated body fluid (R-SBF), with ion concentrations including those of Cl− and HCO3− exactly equal to those of human plasma, was recently developed. Porous glass-ceramic was used as the testing material to evaluate the two kinds of SBF. Results showed that C-SBF is considered more active than R-SBF because the porous glass-ceramic had a higher apatite formation rate on its surface,while R-SBF is considered to simulate the human body fluid more precisely than C-SBF.

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