Micronucleus formation, DNA damage and repair in premenopausal women chronically exposed to high level of indoor air pollution from biomass fuel use in rural India

Background. More than 90% of all low birthweight (LBW) babies are born in developing countries, and half of the population in developing nations uses solid fuels as their primary source of energy for cooking. An association between household use of solid biomass fuels and reduced newborn weight has been found in a number of countries. Bangladesh has a high prevalence of LBW babies (22%), and 88% of the population use solid fuels for cooking. Objectives. This study aims to explore whether indoor air pollution is associated with LBW in Bangladesh, an important determinant of infant mortality and morbidity. Methods. The 2011 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) was used for the present analysis. The total number of births reported in the previous five years by respondents in the survey sample was 8,753. Mothers' recall of their baby's weight was the dependent dichotomous variable. A mixed effects logistic regression model was fitted using region as a random effect and several independent fixed effects. Results. High pollutant cooking fuels, such as coal and wood, resulted in higher odds of having a LBW child compared to use of electricity/gas (odds ratio (OR): 2.6, confidence interval (CI): 1.1–6.2 and OR: 1.1, CI: 1.0–1.2). Factors which lowered the odds include mothers with a bachelor's degree or higher education (OR: 0.6, CI: 0.4–0.9), third order children (OR: 0.8, CI: 0.6–0.9), fourth or higher order children (OR: 0.8, CI: 0.6–1.0), having a male child (OR: 0.7, CI: 0.7–0.8), and receiving sufficient antenatal care (OR: 0.8, CI: 0.6–0.9). Factors which increase the odds of having a LBW infant include mothers who are underweight compared to normal weight mothers (OR: 1.1, CI: 1.1–1.2), mistimed pregnancies (OR: 1.2, CI: 1.0–1.4), or unplanned pregnancies (OR: 1.3, CI: 1.0–1.7), compared to planned pregnancies. Conclusions. This is the first paper to show an association between use of highly pollutant biomass fuel and prevalence of LBW babies in Bangladesh, suggesting that besides polluting the air and causing respiratory illnesses, biomass fuel combustion may also affect the health of fetuses in utero. Further longitudinal studies are required to establish this finding among mothers in developing countries.

Download Full-text

Use of N, N′-diacetylchitobiose in decreasing toxic effects of indoor air pollution by preventing oxidative DNA damage

ENERGYO ◽

10.1515/energyo.0011.00021 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Neeta A. Salgaonkar ◽

Prasad M. Thakare ◽

Manisha V. Junnarkar ◽

Balasaheb P. Kapadnis ◽

Abul Mandal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Dna Damage ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Indoor Air Pollution ◽

Oxidative Dna Damage ◽

Toxic Effects

Download Full-text

The Link Between Indoor Air Pollution From Cooking Fuels and Anemia Status Among Non-pregnant Women of Reproductive Age in Ethiopia.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-909454/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Girum Gebremeskel Kanno ◽

Temesgen Geremew ◽

Tesfaye Diro ◽

Stephen Vincent Musarapasi ◽

Renay Van wyk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Indoor Air Pollution ◽

Hemoglobin Level ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Biomass Fuel ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Clean Fuel ◽

Blood Hemoglobin

Abstract The effect of indoor air pollution from different fuel types on the anemia status among non-pregnant women of reproductive ages is rarely studied. This study aimed to assess the link between indoor air pollution from different fuel types and anemia among non-pregnant women of reproductive ages in Ethiopia. The secondary data from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data have been employed for this study. The women of reproductive age who were not pregnant at the time of the data collection were the study population and their anemia status was the outcome variable with multiple outcomes as (moderate to severe, mild, and no anemia) and households using biomass fuel and clean fuel were selected for this study. Multinomial logistic regression was employed to estimate the association of biomass fuel use with the anemia status of women in reproductive age controlling for age, body mass index, education level, exposure to household tobacco smoke, type of residence, wealth index, and region. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) was calculated at 95% Confidence Interval. An independent sample t-test was used to assess the mean difference in blood Hemoglobin level (g/dl) between biomass and clean fuel users. For all statistical tests, a p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. The proportion of anemia in women of reproductive age in Ethiopia was 41.8% and 19.4 % among biomass fuel and clean fuel users respectively. The mean blood hemoglobin level was 127.17(± 18.063) g/dl. In the multivariable multinomial logistic regression analysis, women of reproductive age who utilize biomass fuel for cooking were 33 % more likely to have mild anemia than households who use cleaner fuels, whereas the association of biomass fuel use with moderate to severe anemia was insignificant. When compared with non-pregnant women who use clean energy types, women who live in households that use biomass fuel have a lower (5.8 g/dl ) blood Hemoglobin level P < 0.001. The finding indicated that the use of biomass fuel was associated with reduced blood Hemoglobin levels and significantly associated with mild anemia levels in women of reproductive age in Ethiopia. Interventions that reduce or prevent indoor air pollution from biomass fuels must be implemented in Ethiopia.

Download Full-text