Magnetic resonance in traumatic brain injury: A comparative study of the different conventional magnetic resonance imaging sequences and their diagnostic value in diffuse axonal injury

(1) Background: Blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption following traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in a secondary injury by facilitating the entry of neurotoxins to the brain parenchyma without filtration. In the current paper, we aimed to review previous dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) studies to evaluate the occurrence of BBB disruption after TBI. (2) Methods: In electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and the Cochrane Library), we searched for the following keywords: dynamic contrast-enhanced OR DCE AND brain injury. We included studies in which BBB disruption was evaluated in patients with TBI using DCE-MRI. (3) Results: Four articles were included in this review. To assess BBB disruption, linear fit, Tofts, extended Tofts, or Patlak models were used. KTrans and ve were increased, and the values of vp were decreased in the cerebral cortex and predilection sites for diffusion axonal injury. These findings are indicative of BBB disruption following TBI. (4) Conclusions: Our analysis supports the possibility of utilizing DCE-MRI for the detection of BBB disruption following TBI.

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Traumatic brain injury in piglets of different ages: techniques for lesion analysis using histology and magnetic resonance imaging

Journal of Neuroscience Methods ◽

10.1016/s0165-0270(02)00361-8 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 123 (2) ◽

pp. 201-206 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Loretta L Grate ◽

Jeffrey A Golden ◽

P.Jack Hoopes ◽

Jill V Hunter ◽

Ann-Christine Duhaime

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Different Ages ◽

Lesion Analysis

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Role of magnetic resonance imaging in prediction of outcome in traumatic diffuse axonal injury: A single-centre observational study

Nepal Journal of Neuroscience ◽

10.3126/njn.v18i3.39184 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 39-43

Author(s):

Suraj Thulung ◽

Nikunj Yogi

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Observational Study ◽

Axonal Injury ◽

Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Unfavourable Outcome ◽

Neurological Assessment ◽

Mri Findings

Introduction: Incidence of diffuse axonal injury has been estimated at 40-50% of hospitalizations. Recently, much interest has been directed towards the potential of newer imaging sequences of magnetic resonance imaging to investigate diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and to prognosticate the outcome. In this study, we correlated the magnetic resonance imaging grades of diffuse axonal injury with clinical outcome in terms of Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Methods and Materials: A hospital based observational study was carried out at Upendra Devkota Memorial National Institute of Neurological and Allied Sciences, Kathmandu in 69 patients of diffuse axonal injury between November 2017 to November 2018. Data was collected on patient and trauma characteristics, as well as neurological assessment and MRI findings. Outcome was assessed as favourable and unfavourable GOS for various MRI grades of diffuse axonal injury. Results: There were 21.74%, 42.03% and 36.23% of cases with grade I, II and III diffuse axonal injury respectively. There were 0 (0%), 2 (11.8%) and 15 (88.2%) cases of MRI grade I, II and III diffuse axonal injury in favourable GOS group and 15 (28.8%), 27 (51.9%) and 10 (19.2%) cases of MRI grade I, II and III diffuse axonal injury in unfavourable GOS group (p=0.00). Conclusion: This study showed that there was a significantly higher chance of unfavourable outcome with increasing MRI grades of diffuse axonal injury.

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