A simple alternative approach to assess the effect of the above-water bow form on the ship added resistance

The distinction is drawn between problems in which single particle motion has physical significance and those in which relative motion between pairs of particles must be considered. Local relative motion is considered from the standpoint of the equation of geodesic deviation, expressed in arbitrary coordinates and in geodesic Fermi coordinates. A simple alternative approach to geodesic deviation using synchronous reference frames is described. Examples of relative motion in the Schwarzschild field and in a gravitational wave are discussed. Criticism of the efficacy of cryogenic cooling to enhance gravitational wave detector sensitivity is shown to be invalid. However, a cautionary note is expressed with regard to the necessity of a local observer to detect deviations from local planeness.

Download Full-text

Optinalysis: A New Approach of Symmetry Detection and Similarity Measurement through a Looking-Glass

10.20944/preprints201905.0295.v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Kabir Bindawa Abdullahi

Keyword(s):

Sequence Comparison ◽

Genomic Sequences ◽

Similarity Measurement ◽

Symmetry Detection ◽

New Approach ◽

Alternative Approach ◽

Simple Alternative ◽

Looking Glass

Optinalysis, as a method of symmetry detection, is a new algorithm that intrametrically (within elements or variables) or intermetrically (between elements or variables) computes and compares two or more univariate or multi-clustered or multivariate sequences as a mirror-like reflection of each other (optics-like manner), hence the name is driven. Optinalysis is based by the principles of reflection and moment about a symmetrical line which detects symmetry that reflects a similarity measurement. This proposed methodology was validated in comparison with Pearson method of skewness detection, and also with some algorithms for pairewise alignment and comparison of genomic sequences (Needle, Stretcher, Water, Matcher) on EMBL-EBI website. A results comparison shows that optinalysis is more advance, more sensitive, more inferential and simple alternative approach of skewness detection and pairewise sequence comparison.

Download Full-text

Optinalysis: A New Approach of Multivariate Analysis through A Looking-Glass

10.20944/preprints201905.0295.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Kabir Bindawa Abdullahi

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

T Test ◽

Data Matrix ◽

Data Types ◽

New Approach ◽

Alternative Approach ◽

Simple Alternative ◽

Algorithmic Analysis ◽

Looking Glass ◽

One Way Anova

Optinalysis, as a method of symmetry detection, is a new advanced computational algorithm that intrametrically (within elements) or intermetrically (between elements) computes and compares two or more multivariate sequences in an unclustered or clustered manner as a mirror-like reflection of each other (optics-like manner), hence the name is driven. Optinalysis is based by the principles of reflection and moment about a symmetrical line which detects symmetry that reflects a similarity measurement. Optinalysis is suitable for quantitative and qualitative data types, with or without replications, provided it conform the algorithmic requirements there provided. Optinalysis can be organized for geometrical, geostatistical and statistical analysis in one-way, two-way, or three-way approach. A simulation comparisons shows that Optinalysis is a simple alternative approach of multivariate analysis of sociometric, demographic, socio-demographic, psychometric, ecological, experimental, genomic, nanoparticle and shape morphometric data. Optinalysis of these data matrix shows very similar results or conclusions with some multivariate analysis such as skewness measure, one-way ANOVA, paired t-test, one sample t-test, Tukey’s multiple comparisons, BLAST sequence algorithmic analysis (percentages of identity, similarity, gabs, and positives, and the Needleman-Wunsch score), and Riemannian distance.

Download Full-text

Estimating the timing of HIV infection from unmutated sequences

10.1101/2020.11.28.402271 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alec Pankow ◽

Murray Christian ◽

Natalie Smith ◽

Daniel J. Sheward ◽

Ben Murrell

Keyword(s):

Sequence Data ◽

Real Data ◽

Data Curation ◽

Bulk Analysis ◽

Multiple Datasets ◽

Alternative Approach ◽

Simple Alternative ◽

Credible Intervals ◽

Exponential Population Growth ◽

Individual Donor

For HIV, the time since infection can be estimated from sequence data for acutely infected samples. One popular approach relies on the star-like nature of phylogenies generated under exponential population growth, and the resulting Poisson distribution of mutations away from the founding variant. However, real-world complications, such as APOBEC hypermutation and multiple-founder transmission, present a challenge to this approach, requiring data curation to remove these signals before reasonable timing estimates may be obtained. Here we suggest a simple alternative approach that derives the timing estimate not from the entire mutational spectrum but from the proportion of sequences that have no mutations. This can be approximated quickly and is robust to phenomena such as multiple founder transmission and APOBEC hypermutation. Our approach is Bayesian, and we adopt a conjugate prior to obtain closed form posterior distributions at negligible computational expense. Using real data and simulations, we show that this approach provides accurate timing estimates and credible intervals without the inconvenience of data curation and is robust to complicating phenomena that can mislead existing approaches or cause them to fail entirely. For immediate use we provide an implementation via Google Sheets, which offers bulk analysis of multiple datasets, as well as more detailed individual-donor analyses. For inclusion in data processing pipelines we provide implementations in three languages: Julia, R, and Python.

Download Full-text

Micro-Abrasive Blasting—A Novel Approach to Local Silicon and Mold Compound Material Removal

ISTFA 2013: Conference Proceedings from the 39th International Symposium for Testing and Failure Analysis ◽

10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2013p0490 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Zhenzhou Sun ◽

Alberto Bosio ◽

Luigi Dilillo ◽

Patrick Girard ◽

Aida Todri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Integrated Circuits ◽

Sample Preparation ◽

Cnc Machining ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Alternative Approach ◽

Computer Numerically Controlled ◽

Simple Alternative ◽

Local Sample ◽

Set Up ◽

Abrasive Blasting

Abstract Post silicon validation techniques on Integrated Circuits (IC) specifically FIB circuit editing require backside sample preparation done by local mold compound and silicon machining. Conventional methods such as Computer Numerically Controlled (CNC) machining and chemical etching preparation platforms are commonly used. This paper will investigate a simple alternative approach to local sample preparation by using micro-abrasive blasting. This approach will display its simple natured set-up along with extremely quick process duration.

Download Full-text

A Simple Alternative Approach to Assessing the Fate of Absorbed Light Energy Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence

Photosynthesis Research ◽

10.1023/b:pres.0000040446.87305.f4 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 82 (1) ◽

pp. 73-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 248

Author(s):

Luke Hendrickson ◽

Robert T. Furbank ◽

Wah Soon Chow

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Light Energy ◽

Alternative Approach ◽

Simple Alternative

Download Full-text

OPEN PROBLEMS IN THE HYDRODYNAMICAL APPROACH TO RELATIVISTIC HEAVY ION COLLISIONS

International Journal of Modern Physics E ◽

10.1142/s0218301307006265 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 16 (03) ◽

pp. 763-775 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

T. KODAMA ◽

T. KOIDE ◽

G. S. DENICOL ◽

P. MOTA

Keyword(s):

Heavy Ion Collisions ◽

Heavy Ion ◽

Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽

Open Problems ◽

Ion Collisions ◽

Alternative Approach ◽

Simple Alternative

We discuss some open problems in hydrodynamical approach to the relativistic heavy ion collisions. In particular, we propose a new, very simple alternative approach to the relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics of Israel and Stewart.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of a Parsimonious COVID-19 Outbreak Prediction Model using publicly available datasets (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.28812 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Agrayan Kishan Gupta ◽

Shaun Grannis ◽

Suranga Kasthurirathne

Keyword(s):

Gold Standard ◽

Prediction Models ◽

Confusion Matrix ◽

Disease Spread ◽

Government Officials ◽

Public Health Policies ◽

Hospital Capacity ◽

Alternative Approach ◽

Simple Alternative ◽

Parsimonious Model

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed public health policies and personal lifestyles through lockdowns and mandates. Governments are rapidly evolving policies to increase hospital capacity and supply personal protective equipment to mitigate disease spread in distressed regions. Current models that predict COVID-19 case counts and spread, such as deep learning, offer limited explainability and generalizability. This creates a gap for highly accurate and robust outbreak prediction models which balance parsimony and fit. OBJECTIVE We seek to leverage various readily accessible datasets extracted from multiple states to train and evaluate a parsimonious predictive model capable of identifying county-level risk of COVID-19 outbreaks on a day-to-day basis. METHODS Our methods use the following data inputs: COVID-19 case counts per county per day and county populations. We developed an outbreak gold standard across California, Indiana, and Iowa. The model was trained on data between 3/1/20-8/31/20, then tested from 9/1/20 to 10/31/20 against the gold standard to derive confusion matrix statistics. RESULTS The model reported sensitivities of 92%, 90%, and 81% for Indiana, Iowa, and California respectively. The precision in each state was above 85%, and the specificity and accuracy were generally greater than 95%. CONCLUSIONS The parsimonious model provide a generalizable and simple alternative approach to outbreak prediction. Our methodology could be tested on diverse regions to aid government officials and hospitals with resource allocation.

Download Full-text