A new animal model for epithelial ion transport modeling (focusing on CFTR) - Characterization of pancreatic ductal fluid and bicarbonate secretion in wild type ferrets

Pancreatology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. S35
Author(s):  
Emese Tóth ◽  
József Maléth ◽  
Petra Pallagi ◽  
Viktória Venglovecz ◽  
Zoltán Rakonczay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Transport Modeling ◽  
Bicarbonate Secretion ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Epithelial Ion Transport ◽  
Ductal Fluid

Characterization of pancreatic ductal fluid and bicarbonate secretion in wild type ferrets

Pancreatology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. S23-S24
Author(s):  
Emese Tóth ◽  
Petra Pallagi ◽  
József Maléth ◽  
Viktória Venglovecz ◽  
Zoltán Rakonczay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bicarbonate Secretion ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Ductal Fluid

scholarly journals Establishment and characterization of Neu1-knockout zebrafish and its abnormal clinical phenotypes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiji Okada ◽  
Ryo Takase ◽  
Yurie Hamaoka ◽  
Akinobu Honda ◽  
Asami Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Fish Embryo ◽  
Neu1 Sialidase

Mammalian sialidase Neu1 is involved in various physiological functions, including cell adhesion, differentiation, cancer metastasis, and diabetes through lysosomal catabolism and desialylation of glycoproteins at the plasma membrane. Various animal models have been established to further explore the functions of vertebrate Neu1. The present study focused on zebrafish (Danio rerio) belonging to Cypriniformes as an experimental animal model with neu1 gene deficiency. The results revealed that the zebrafish Neu1 desialyzed both a2-3 and a2-6 sialic acid linkages from oligosaccharides and glycoproteins at pH 4.5, and it is highly conserved with other fish species and mammalian Neu1. Further, Neu1-knockout zebrafish (Neu1-KO) was established through CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Neu1-KO fish exhibited slight abnormal embryogenesis with the accumulation of pleural effusion; however, no embryonic lethality was observed. Although Neu1-KO fish were able to be maintained as homozygous, they showed smaller body length and weight than the wild type (WT) fish, and muscle atrophy and curvature of the vertebra were observed in adult Neu1-KO fish (8 months). The expression patterns of myod and myog transcription factors regulating muscle differentiation varied between Neu1-KO and WT fish embryo. Expression of lysosomal-related genes, including ctsa,lamp1a, and tfeb were upregulated in adult Neu1-KO muscle as compared to WT. Furthermore, the expression pattern of genes involved in bone remodeling (runx2a, runx2b, and mmp9) was decreased in Neu1-KO fish. These phenotypes were quite similar to those of Neu1-KO mice and human sialidosis patients, indicating the effectiveness of the established Neu1-KO zebrafish for the study of vertebrate Neu1 sialidase.

Role of Ca2+-activated K+ channels in duodenal mucosal ion transport and bicarbonate secretion

2006 ◽  
Vol 291 (6) ◽  
pp. G1120-G1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Dong ◽  
Anders Smith ◽  
Marjan Hovaida ◽  
Jimmy Y. Chow
Keyword(s):  
Ion Transport ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Duodenal Mucosa ◽  
Biological Action ◽  
Bicarbonate Secretion ◽  
Epithelial Ion Transport ◽  
And Function

Stimulation of muscarinic receptors in the duodenal mucosa raises cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt), thereby regulating duodenal epithelial ion transport. However, little is known about the downstream molecular targets that account for this Ca2+-mediated biological action. Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa) channels are candidates, but the expression and function of duodenal KCa channels are poorly understood. Therefore, we determined whether KCa channels are expressed in the duodenal mucosa and investigated their involvement in Ca2+-mediated duodenal epithelial ion transport. Two selective blockers of intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (IKCa) channels, clotrimazole (30 μM) and 1-[(2-chlorophenyl)diphenylmethyl]-1 H-pyrazole (TRAM-34; 10 μM), significantly inhibited carbachol (CCh)-induced duodenal short-circuit current ( Isc) and duodenal mucosal bicarbonate secretion (DMBS) in mice but did not affect responses to forskolin and heat-stable enterotoxin of Escherichia coli. Tetraethylammonium, 4-aminopyridine, and BaCl2 failed to inhibit CCh-induced Isc and DMBS. A-23187 (10 μM), a Ca2+ ionophore, and 1-ethyl-2-benzimidazolinone (1-EBIO; 1 mM), a selective opener of KCa channels, increased both Isc and DMBS. The effect of 1-EBIO was more pronounced with serosal than mucosal addition. Again, both clotrimazole and TRAM-34 significantly reduced A23187- or 1-EBIO-induced Isc and DMBS. Moreover, clotrimazole (20 mg/kg ip) significantly attenuated acid-stimulated DMBS of mice in vivo. Finally, the molecular identity of IKCa channels was verified as KCNN4 (SK4) in freshly isolated murine duodenal mucosae by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Together, our results suggest that the IKCa channel is one of the downstream molecular targets for [Ca2+]cyt to mediate duodenal epithelial ion transport.

Characterization of epithelial ion transport

1996 ◽  
pp. 70-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin U. Cotton ◽  
Luis Reuss
Keyword(s):  
Ion Transport ◽  
Epithelial Ion Transport

scholarly journals The Drosophila NKCC Ncc69 is required for normal renal tubule function

2012 ◽  
Vol 303 (8) ◽  
pp. C883-C894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aylin R. Rodan ◽  
Michel Baum ◽  
Chou-Long Huang
Keyword(s):  
Ion Transport ◽  
Renal Tubule ◽  
Basolateral Membrane ◽  
Malpighian Tubule ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Atpase Inhibitor ◽  
Transport Pathways ◽  
Epithelial Ion Transport

Epithelial ion transport is essential to renal homeostatic function, and it is dysregulated in several diseases, such as hypertension. An understanding of the insect renal (Malpighian) tubule yields insights into conserved epithelial ion transport processes in higher organisms and also has implications for the control of insect infectious disease vectors. Here, we examine the role of the Na+-K+-2Cl− (NKCC) cotransporter Ncc69 in Drosophila tubule function. Ncc69 mutant tubules have decreased rates of fluid secretion and K+ flux, and these phenotypes were rescued by expression of wild-type Ncc69 in the principal cells of the tubule. Na+ flux was unaltered in Ncc69 mutants, suggesting Na+ recycling across the basolateral membrane. In unstimulated tubules, the principal role of the Na+-K+-ATPase is to generate a favorable electrochemical gradient for Ncc69 activity: while the Na+-K+-ATPase inhibitor ouabain decreased K+ flux in wild-type tubules, it had no effect in Ncc69 mutant tubules. However, in the presence of cAMP, which stimulates diuresis, additional Na+-K+-ATPase-dependent K+ transport pathways are recruited. In studying the effects of capa-1 on wild-type and Ncc69 mutant tubules, we found a novel antidiuretic role for this hormone that is dependent on intact Ncc69, as it was abolished in Ncc69 mutant tubules. Thus, Ncc69 plays an important role in transepithelial ion and fluid transport in the fly renal tubule and is a target for regulation in antidiuretic states.

scholarly journals STAT-1 Knockout Mice as a Model for Wild-Type Sudan Virus (SUDV)

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1388
Author(s):  
Olivier Escaffre ◽  
Terry L. Juelich ◽  
Natasha Neef ◽  
Shane Massey ◽  
Jeanon Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Marburg Virus ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Small Animal Model ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Zaire Ebolavirus

Currently there is no FDA-licensed vaccine or therapeutic against Sudan ebolavirus (SUDV) infections. The largest ever reported 2014–2016 West Africa outbreak, as well as the 2021 outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo, highlight the critical need for countermeasures against filovirus infections. A well-characterized small animal model that is susceptible to wild-type filoviruses would greatly add to the screening of antivirals and vaccines. Here, we infected signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 knock out (STAT-1 KO) mice with five different wildtype filoviruses to determine susceptibility. SUDV and Marburg virus (MARV) were the most virulent, and caused 100% or 80% lethality, respectively. Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV), Bundibugyo ebolavirus (BDBV), and Taï Forest ebolavirus (TAFV) caused 40%, 20%, and no mortality, respectively. Further characterization of SUDV in STAT-1 KO mice demonstrated lethality down to 3.1 × 101 pfu. Viral genomic material was detectable in serum as early as 1 to 2 days post-challenge. The onset of viremia was closely followed by significant changes in total white blood cells and proportion of neutrophils and lymphocytes, as well as by an influx of neutrophils in the liver and spleen. Concomitant significant fluctuations in blood glucose, albumin, globulin, and alanine aminotransferase were also noted, altogether consistent with other models of filovirus infection. Finally, favipiravir treatment fully protected STAT-1 KO mice from lethal SUDV challenge, suggesting that this may be an appropriate small animal model to screen anti-SUDV countermeasures.

Electron Microscopic Detection and Characterization of Nonhuman Primate Enteric Viruses

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 306-307
Author(s):  
G. C. Smith ◽  
R. L. Heberling ◽  
S. S. Kalter
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Microscopic Detection

A number of viral agents are recognized as and suspected of causing the clinical condition “gastroenteritis.” In our attempts to establish an animal model for studies of this entity, we have been examining the nonhuman primate to ascertain what viruses may be found in the intestinal tract of “normal” animals as well as animals with diarrhea. Several virus types including coronavirus, adenovirus, herpesvirus, and picornavirus (Table I) were detected in our colony; however, rotavirus, astrovirus, and calicivirus have not yet been observed. Fecal specimens were prepared for electron microscopy by procedures reported previously.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document