Metabolite ratios in the posterior cingulate cortex do not track cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease in a clinical setting

ObjectiveTo identify the pathophysiologic mechanisms and clinical significance of anosognosia for cognitive decline in mild cognitive impairment.MethodsWe stratified 468 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment into intact and impaired awareness groups, determined by the discrepancy between the patient and the informant score on the Everyday Cognition questionnaire. Voxel-based linear regression models evaluated the associations between self-awareness status and baseline β-amyloid load, measured by [18F]florbetapir, and the relationships between awareness status and regional brain glucose metabolism measured by [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose at baseline and at 24-month follow-up. Multivariate logistic regression tested the association of awareness status with conversion from amnestic mild cognitive impairment to dementia.ResultsWe found that participants with impaired awareness had lower [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose uptake and increased [18F]florbetapir uptake in the posterior cingulate cortex at baseline. In addition, impaired awareness in mild cognitive impairment predicted [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose hypometabolism in the posterior cingulate cortex, left basal forebrain, bilateral medial temporal lobes, and right lateral temporal lobe over 24 months. Furthermore, participants with impaired awareness had a nearly 3-fold increase in likelihood of conversion to dementia within a 2-year time frame.ConclusionsOur results suggest that anosognosia is linked to Alzheimer disease pathophysiology in vulnerable structures, and predicts subsequent hypometabolism in the default mode network, accompanied by an increased risk of progression to dementia. This highlights the importance of assessing awareness of cognitive decline in the clinical evaluation and management of individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment.

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A Perfusion MRI Study of Emotional Valence and Arousal in Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson s Disease ◽

10.4061/2011/742907 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Sunsern Limsoontarakul ◽

Meghan C. Campbell ◽

Kevin J. Black

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Temporal Stability ◽

Cingulate Cortex ◽

Emotional Valence ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽

Perfusion Mri ◽

Medial Pfc ◽

Valence And Arousal

Background. Brain regions subserving emotion have mostly been studied using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during emotion provocation procedures in healthy participants.Objective. To identify neuroanatomical regions associated with spontaneous changes in emotional state over time.Methods. Self-rated emotional valence and arousal scores, and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measured by perfusion MRI, were measured 4 or 8 times spanning at least 2 weeks in each of 21 subjects with Parkinson’s disease (PD). A random-effects SPM analysis, corrected for multiple comparisons, identified significant clusters of contiguous voxels in which rCBF varied with valence or arousal.Results. Emotional valence correlated positively with rCBF in several brain regions, including medial globus pallidus, orbital prefrontal cortex (PFC), and white matter near putamen, thalamus, insula, and medial PFC. Valence correlated negatively with rCBF in striatum, subgenual cingulate cortex, ventrolateral PFC, and precuneus—posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). Arousal correlated positively with rCBF in clusters including claustrum-thalamus-ventral striatum and inferior parietal lobule and correlated negatively in clusters including posterior insula—mediodorsal thalamus and midbrain.Conclusion. This study demonstrates that the temporal stability of perfusion MRI allows within-subject investigations of spontaneous fluctuations in mental state, such as mood, over relatively long-time intervals.

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Reorganisation of diffusion microstructure in the precuneus is associated with preserved cognitive function in Parkinson’s disease

10.21203/rs.3.rs-147275/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Atsuko Nagano-Saito ◽

Jean-Christophe Houde ◽

Christophe Bedetti ◽

Maxime Descoteaux ◽

Marco Leyton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Functional Neuroimaging ◽

Memory Function ◽

Cingulate Cortex ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

High Angular Resolution ◽

Fiber Density ◽

Posterior Cingulate

Abstract Functional neuroimaging studies of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have repeatedly identified over-activations in midline structures (medial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, and precuneus), especially in those without comorbid dementia. Here, we investigated whether the different cognitive profiles in PD were linked to measures of diffusion microstructure in medial regions of the brain. Using magnetic resonance based diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in healthy volunteers (HV) and PD patients with and without mild cognitive impairment (PD-nonMCI and PD-MCI), applying diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) techniques, we observed: 1) increased fractional anisotropy (FA) in the precuneus and the anterior cingulate in the PD-nonMCI participants compared with the HV; 2) an association between precuneus FA and executive and memory function, respectively, in PD and HV; 3) a negative correlation between age and midline structure FA in PD but not HV; and 4) a differential association between cognitive scores and apparent fiber density (AFD) of the posterior cingulate-precuneus bundle in HV vs. PD. Together, these findings suggest that white matter reorganization of the posterior medial microstructures might serve a compensatory role for damaged basal ganglia function in PD-nonMCI.

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APOE*E4Is Associated with Gray Matter Loss in the Posterior Cingulate Cortex in Healthy Elderly Controls Subsequently Developing Subtle Cognitive Decline

American Journal of Neuroradiology ◽

10.3174/ajnr.a5184 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (7) ◽

pp. 1335-1342 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

S. Haller ◽

M.-L. Montandon ◽

C. Rodriguez ◽

M. Ackermann ◽

F.R. Herrmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Decline ◽

Gray Matter ◽

Cingulate Cortex ◽

Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽

Posterior Cingulate ◽

Healthy Elderly ◽

Gray Matter Loss

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Are inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter levels in the posterior cingulate cortex associated with MS fatigue?

10.26226/morressier.59a3e8b4d462b8028d89445c ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Karen A. Ribbons

Keyword(s):

Cingulate Cortex ◽

Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽

Excitatory Neurotransmitter ◽

Posterior Cingulate

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Serum Vitamin D and Cingulate Cortex Thickness in Older Adults: Quantitative MRI of the Brain

Current Alzheimer Research ◽

10.2174/1567205016666191113124356 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. 1063-1071 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gonzague Foucault ◽

Guillaume T Duval ◽

Romain Simon ◽

Olivier Beauchet ◽

Mickael Dinomais ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Brain Mri ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Cingulate Cortex ◽

Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽

Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Posterior Cingulate ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with brain changes, and cognitive and mobility declines in older adults. Method: Two hundred and fifteen Caucasian older community-dwellers (mean±SD, 72.1±5.5years; 40% female) received a blood test and brain MRI. The thickness of perigenual anterior cingulate cortex, midcingulate cortex and posterior cingulate cortex was measured using FreeSurfer from T1-weighted MR images. Age, gender, education, BMI, mean arterial pressure, comorbidities, use of vitamin D supplements or anti-vascular drugs, MMSE, GDS, IADL, serum calcium and vitamin B9 concentrations, creatinine clearance were used as covariables. Results: Participants with vitamin D insufficiency (n=80) had thinner total cingulate thickness than the others (24.6±1.9mm versus 25.3±1.4mm, P=0.001); a significant difference found for all 3 regions. Vitamin D insufficiency was cross-sectionally associated with a decreased total cingulate thickness (β=- 0.49, P=0.028). Serum 25OHD concentration correlated positively with the thickness of perigenual anterior (P=0.011), midcingulate (P=0.013) and posterior cingulate cortex (P=0.021). Conclusion: Vitamin D insufficiency was associated with thinner cingulate cortex in the studied sample of older adults. These findings provide insight into the pathophysiology of cognitive and mobility declines in older adults with vitamin D insufficiency.

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