The multi-scale challenges of biomass fast pyrolysis and bio-oil upgrading: Review of the state of art and future research directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 1-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Sharifzadeh ◽  
Majid Sadeqzadeh ◽  
Miao Guo ◽  
Tohid N. Borhani ◽  
N.V.S.N. Murthy Konda ◽  
...  
2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvester O. Orimaye ◽  
Saadat M. Alhashmi ◽  
Eu-Gene Siew

AbstractThis paper presents trends and performance of opinion retrieval techniques proposed within the last 8 years. We identify major techniques in opinion retrieval and group them into four popular categories. We describe the state-of-the-art techniques for each category and emphasize on their performance and limitations. We then summarize with a performance comparison table for the techniques on different datasets. Finally, we highlight possible future research directions that can help solve existing challenges in opinion retrieval.


Author(s):  
Sandra Maria Correia Loureiro ◽  
Eduardo Moraes Sarmento ◽  
João Ferreira do Rosário

The chapter exposes the importance of tourism in the world economy, gives an overview of what academic and practitioners are doing regarding the use of engagement-facilitating technologies in tourism, and suggests avenues for further research. Authors give insights about the evolution and important of tourism. The chapter presents an overview of the state of the art on the use of engagement-facilitating technologies (mainly virtual and augmented reality) in research. Examples of applications of engagement-facilitating technologies are given. Authors suggest future research directions and present conclusions.


Author(s):  
Jyotismita Chaki ◽  
Nilanjan Dey

: A huge amount of medical data is generated every second, and a significant percentage of them are images that need to be analyzed and processed. One of the key challenges in this regard is the recovery of medical images. The medical image recovery procedure should be done automatically by the computers that are the method of identifying object concepts and assigning homologous tags to them. To discover the hidden concepts in the medical images, the low-level characteristics should be used to achieve high-level concepts and that is a challenging task. In any specific case, it requires human involvement to determine the significance of the image. To allow machine-based reasoning on the medical evidence collected, the data must be accompanied by additional interpretive semantics; a change from a pure data-intensive methodology to a model of evidence rich in semantics. In this state-of-art, data tagging methods related to medical images are surveyed which is an important aspect for the recognition of a huge number of medical images. Different types of tags related to the medical image, prerequisites of medical data tagging, different techniques to develop medical image tags, different medical image tagging algorithms and different tools that are used to create the tags are discussed in this paper. The aim of this state-of-art paper is to produce a summary and a set of guidelines for using the tags for the identification of medical images and to identify the challenges and future research directions of tagging medical images.


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