Role of autophagy process in vascular remodeling and oxidized LDL effect in first trimester trophoblast migration and invasion.

Placenta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. e52
Author(s):  
Lorena Carvajal ◽  
Cantin Claudette ◽  
Gabriela Arenas ◽  
Susana Contreras-Duarte ◽  
Jaime Gutierrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Remodeling ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Trophoblast Migration

Role of ARID1A in the Regulation of Human Trophoblast Migration and Invasion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiyuan Jin ◽  
Shouying Xu ◽  
Jiayong Li ◽  
Lu Li ◽  
Chao Tang
Keyword(s):  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Human Trophoblast ◽  
Trophoblast Migration

Down-regulation of CCR7 via AKT pathway and GATA2 inactivation suppressed trophoblast migration and invasion in recurrent spontaneous abortion†

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaorui Luan ◽  
Shang Li ◽  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Junyu Zhai ◽  
Xiaojing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Akt Pathway ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protein Abundance ◽  
Trophoblast Migration

Abstract The underlying mechanism of the chemokine-C receptor 7 (CCR7) that leads to aberrant trophoblast migration and invasion in recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) remains unknown. CCR7 is considered crucial for migration and invasion and has been associated with the risk of miscarriage. However, the functional role of CCR7 in RSA is not fully understood. Our study found that CCR7 mRNA and protein abundance were significantly decreased in the villous from RSA patients compared with healthy controls. Knockdown of CCR7 caused a significant reduction of migration and invasion in JAR and JEG-3 cells. Meanwhile, CCR7 functioned as a positive upstream factor of the AKT pathway contributing to the expression of GATA2, promoting trophoblast migration, and invasion via MMP2. Notably, a decreased abundance of CCR7 was positively correlated with the phosphorylation of AKT and with an abundance of GATA2 and MMP2 in human villous specimens of RSA compared with the control group. CCL19, a ligand of CCR7, could promote trophoblast migration and invasion by activating the deregulation of the CCR7-mediated pathway in RSA. We are convinced that CCR7 and its downstream factors may be possible mechanisms for the pathogenesis of RSA.

scholarly journals Roles of Rho Guanosine 5′-Triphosphatase A, Rho Kinases, and Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinase (1/2) in Prostaglandin E2-Mediated Migration of First-Trimester Human Extravillous Trophoblast

Endocrinology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 149 (3) ◽  
pp. 1243-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalin Nicola ◽  
Andrei Chirpac ◽  
Peeyush K. Lala ◽  
Chandan Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Villus ◽  
Rho Kinase ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
The Other ◽  
Extravillous Trophoblast ◽  
Small Interfering Rnas ◽  
Rock Inhibitor ◽  
Trophoblast Migration ◽  
Stimulation Of

Prostaglandin (PG) E2 may regulate invasiveness of human placenta because we previously reported stimulation of migration of placental trophoblasts by PGE2 acting through PGE receptor (EP)-1 and activating calpain. RhoA GTPase and its important effector Rho kinase (ROCK) have also been previously shown to regulate trophoblast migration. Using immortalized HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells and first-trimester human chorionic villus explant cultures on matrigel, we further examined the role of RhoA/ROCK and MAPK (ERK1/2) pathways on PGE2-mediated stimulation of trophoblast migration. Migration of cytotrophoblasts was shown to be inhibited by treatment of the trophoblast cell line and chorionic villus explants with either cell-permeable C3 transferase or selective RhoA small interfering RNA. These inhibitions were significantly mitigated by the addition of PGE2, an EP1/EP3 agonist or an EP3/EP4 agonist, suggesting that RhoA plays an important role in trophoblast migration but may not be obligatory for PGE2 action. Treatment of HTR-8/SVneo cells with nonselective ROCK inhibitor Y27632 or ROCK small interfering RNAs inhibited migration of these cells, which could not be rescued with PGE2 or the other two EP agonists, suggesting the obligatory role of ROCK in PGE2-induced migratory response. Furthermore, U0126, an inhibitor of MAPK kinases MEK1 and MEK2, abrogated PGE2-induced migration of trophoblasts, and PGE2 or the other two EP agonists stimulated ERK1/2 activation in trophoblasts, which was not abrogated by pretreatment with C3 transferase, indicating that ERK signaling pathway is an efficient alternate pathway for RhoA in PGE2-mediated migration of trophoblasts. These results suggest that ROCK and ERK1/2 play more important roles than RhoA in PGE2-mediated migration stimulation of first-trimester trophoblasts.

scholarly journals Overexpression of miR-210-3p Impairs Extravillous Trophoblast Functions Associated with Uterine Spiral Artery Remodeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 3961
Author(s):  
Heyam Hayder ◽  
Guodong Fu ◽  
Lubna Nadeem ◽  
Jacob A. O’Brien ◽  
Stephen J. Lye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Trimester ◽  
Extravillous Trophoblast ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Spiral Artery ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Homeobox Transcription Factor ◽  
Endovascular Trophoblast ◽  
Artery Remodeling ◽  
Trophoblast Migration

Hsa-miR-210-3p has been reported to be upregulated in preeclampsia (PE); however, the functions of miR-210-3p in placental development are not fully understood, and, consequently, miR-210-3p’s role in the pathogenesis of PE is still under investigation. In this study, we found that overexpression of miR-210-3p reduced trophoblast migration and invasion, extravillous trophoblast (EVT) outgrowth in first trimester explants, expression of endovascular trophoblast (enEVT) markers and the ability of trophoblast to form endothelial-like networks. In addition, miR-210-3p overexpression significantly downregulated the mRNA levels of interleukin-1B and -8, as well as CXC motif ligand 1. These cytokines have been suggested to play a role in EVT invasion and the recruitment of immune cells to the spiral artery remodeling sites. We also showed that caudal-related homeobox transcription factor 2 (CDX2) is targeted by miR-210-3p and that CDX2 downregulation mimicked the observed effects of miR-210-3p upregulation in trophoblasts. These findings suggest that miR-210-3p may play a role in regulating events associated with enEVT functions and its overexpression could impair spiral artery remodeling, thereby contributing to PE.

Role of Serum β-HCG doubling in Diagnosis of Early Pregnancy and its Management Strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Mirji ◽  
Shubha Rao ◽  
Akhila Vasudeva ◽  
Roopa P.S
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Expectant Management ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Intrauterine Pregnancy ◽  
Β Hcg ◽  
Pregnancy Of Unknown Location

Background: Pregnancy of unknown location (PUL) is defined as the absence of intrauterine or extrauterine sac and Beta Human Chorionic Gonadotropin levels (β-HCG) above the discriminatory zone of 1500 mIU/ml. It should be noted that PUL is not always an ectopic; however, by measuring the trends of serum β-HCG, we can determine the outcome of a PUL. Objective: This study aims to identify the various trends β-HCG levels in early pregnancy and evaluate the role of β-HCG in the management strategy. Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study of pregnant women suspected with early pregnancy. Cases were classified as having a pregnancy of unknown location (PUL) by transvaginal ultrasound and ß-HCG greater than 1000 mIU/ml. Expectant management was done until there was a definite outcome. All the collected data were analyzed by employing the chi-square test using SPSS version 20. Results: Among 1200 women who had early first trimester scans, 70 women who fulfilled our criteria of PUL and ß-HCG > 1000 mIU/ml were recruited in this study. In our study, the mean age of the participants was 30±5.6yrs, and the overall mean serum ß-HCG was 3030±522 mIU/ml. The most common outcome observed was an ectopic pregnancy, 47% in our study. We also found the rate of failing pregnancy was 27%, and that of intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) was 25%. Overall, in PUL patients diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy, 9% behaved like IUP, and 4% had an atypical trend in their ß-HCG. Those who had an IUP, 11% had a suboptimal increase in ß-HCG. Conclusion: PUL rate in our unit was 6%. Majority of the outcome of PUL was ectopic in our study. Every case of PUL should be managed based on the initial ß-HCG values, clinical assessments and upon the consent of the patient.

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