Deterioration of Kaihua handmade paper: evolution of molecular, supermolecular and macroscopic structures

Banana fibre is a natural fibre with high strength, which can be blended easily with cotton fibre or synthetic fibre to produce composite material. In the fiber extraction process, a substantial amount of lignocellulosic wastes are generated, disposal of which creates problem in the adjacent area. In this paper, extracted banana fiber (EBF) and waste banana fiber (WBF) were characterized in terms of chemical and morphological properties to produce handmade paper. WBF was characterized with lower α–cellulose, lignin content and longer fiber length. Pulping of EBF and WBF was carried out with varying active alkali and cooking time at boiling temperature. Pulp yield of WBF was 35.9% after 120 min of cooking with 8% alkali charge. In the unbeaten state the degrees of drainage resistance i.e. SR values were 65 and 71 for EBF and WBF, respectively. The tensile, burst and tear indices of WBF were 23.7 N.m/g, 2.2 kPa.m2/g and 5.0 mN.m2/g, respectively; these were much lower as compared to EBF. These values however, meet the requirement for handmade paper.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.53(2), 83-88, 2018

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Reuse of Barley Straw for Handmade Paper Production

10.20944/preprints202103.0307.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alma Delia Delia Román Gutiérrez ◽

Juan Hernandez Avila ◽

Antonia Karina Vargas M. ◽

Eduardo Cerecedo Saenz ◽

Eleazar Salinas-Rodríguez

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Environmental Impact ◽

Environmental Impacts ◽

Waste Treatment ◽

Raw Material ◽

Barley Straw ◽

Handmade Paper ◽

Organic Solid Waste ◽

Organic Solid ◽

Spent Grain

Usually in the manufacture of beer by fermentation of barley, in both industrialized and developing countries significant amounts of organic solid waste are produced from barley straw. These possibly have an impact on the carbon footprint with an effect on global warming. According to this, it is important to reduce environmental impact of these solid residues, and an adequate way is the recycling using them as raw material for the elaboration of handmade paper. Therefore, it is required to manage this type of waste by analyzing the environmental impact, and thus be able to identify sustainable practices for the treatment of this food waste, evaluating its life cycle, which is a useful methodology to estimate said environmental impacts. It is because of this work shows the main results obtained using the life cycle analysis (LCA) methodology, to evaluate the possible environmental impacts during the waste treatment of a brewery located in the state of Hidalgo, Mexico. The residues evaluated were barley straw, malt residues and spent grain, and at the end, barley straw was selected to determine in detail its environmental impact and its reuse, the sheets analyzed presented a grammage that varies from 66 g/m2 and 143 g/m2, resistance to burst was 117 to 145 kpa, with a crystallinity of 34.4% to 37.1%.

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EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING: AN ANALYSIS OF IMPACT ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AMONG STUDENTS OF GRADE 12

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH ◽

10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i9.2020.1337 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 188-199 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Prashant Thote ◽

Gowri S

Keyword(s):

Academic Achievement ◽

Solid State ◽

Solid State Chemistry ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Crystal Lattices ◽

Solid States ◽

Handmade Paper ◽

Paper Model ◽

Class Room

The molecular model as a learning tool in class-room instructions is significant due to its positive effect on the learning and teaching process. Many students struggle to learn Chemistry and do not succeed. Chemistry is the central part of all Science subjects. To make Chemistry learning easy and joyful appropriate method of class-room instructions are important. The Chemistry of solid states and composite materials is the part of the curriculum at All India Senior Secondary School Curriculum. Students face problems in solid state Chemistry due to its abstract concepts. To address the issue, handmade models and paper-based models are made as evidence-based learning. In this present paper attempt is made to investigate the impact of handmade paper model of unit cell and crystal lattices of solid-state Chemistry on academic achievement. The study is delimited to the students of only one school in rural area. Totally 50 students participate in the study. Sample is distributed into two groups: study group and the control group, by connecting them on the basis of the previous knowledge which is determined through pre-test. The students of the study group are taught solid states Chemistry through handmade paper models of unit cells and crystal lattices and the students of the control group are taught by using traditional chalk and board method. Data is collected by using Test (Pre and Post). Mean standard deviation and mean differences are used as a statistical tool to analyze the data. Substantial difference between the study group and the control group of mean score on test (pre and post and retention) are tested at 0.05 level. The handmade paper model of unit cell and crystal lattices of solid states Chemistry has significant positive impact on the academic achievement in solid state Chemistry. Based on the findings of the present study, some recommendations are made for using paper model as teaching aid for evidence-based learning in Chemistry and other core subjects to move up the students’ academic performance level.

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