scholarly journals Handmade paper from waste banana fibre

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
KMY Arafat ◽  
J Nayeem ◽  
AH Quadery ◽  
MA Quaiyyum ◽  
M Sarwar Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
Banana Fiber ◽  
Handmade Paper ◽  
Banana Fibre

Banana fibre is a natural fibre with high strength, which can be blended easily with cotton fibre or synthetic fibre to produce composite material. In the fiber extraction process, a substantial amount of lignocellulosic wastes are generated, disposal of which creates problem in the adjacent area. In this paper, extracted banana fiber (EBF) and waste banana fiber (WBF) were characterized in terms of chemical and morphological properties to produce handmade paper. WBF was characterized with lower α–cellulose, lignin content and longer fiber length. Pulping of EBF and WBF was carried out with varying active alkali and cooking time at boiling temperature. Pulp yield of WBF was 35.9% after 120 min of cooking with 8% alkali charge. In the unbeaten state the degrees of drainage resistance i.e. SR values were 65 and 71 for EBF and WBF, respectively. The tensile, burst and tear indices of WBF were 23.7 N.m/g, 2.2 kPa.m2/g and 5.0 mN.m2/g, respectively; these were much lower as compared to EBF. These values however, meet the requirement for handmade paper.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.53(2), 83-88, 2018

Low-consistency refining of CTMP targeting high strength and bulk: effect of filling pattern and trial scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Erik Berg ◽  
Börje Hellstadius ◽  
Mikael Lundfors ◽  
Per Engstrand
Keyword(s):  
High Strength ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Tensile Index ◽  
Filling Pattern ◽  
Basic Objective ◽  
High Bulk ◽  
Fibre Morphology ◽  
Bulk Effect

AbstractChemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) is often used in central layers of multiply paperboards due to its high bulk and strength. Such a CTMP should consist of well-separated undamaged fibres with sufficient bonding capacity. The basic objective of this work is to optimize process conditions in low-consistency (LC) refining, i. e. to select or ultimately develop new optimal LC refiner filling patterns, in order to produce fibrillar fines and improve the separation of fibres from each other while preserving the natural fibre morphology as much as possible. Furthermore, the aim is to evaluate if this type of work can be done at laboratory-scale or if it is necessary to run trials in pilot- or mill-scale in order to get relevant answers. First stage CTMP made from Norway spruce (Picea abies) was LC refined in mill-, pilot- and laboratory-scale trials and with different filling patterns. The results show that an LR1 laboratory refiner can favourably be used instead of larger refiners in order to characterize CTMP with regard to tensile index and z-strength versus bulk. A fine filling pattern resulted in CTMP with higher tensile index, z-strength and energy efficiency at maintained bulk compared to a standard filling pattern.

scholarly journals Chemical characteristics and Kraft pulping of tension wood from Eucalyptus globulus labill

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1163-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Graciela Aguayo ◽  
Regis Teixeira Mendonça ◽  
Paulina Martínez ◽  
Jaime Rodríguez ◽  
Miguel Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Kraft Pulping ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Kraft Pulps ◽  
Opposite Wood ◽  
Alkali Consumption ◽  
Pulp Strength

Tension (TW) and opposite wood (OW) of Eucalyptus globulus trees were analyzed for its chemical characteristics and Kraft pulp production. Lignin content was 16% lower and contained 32% more syringyl units in TW than in OW. The increase in syringyl units favoured the formation of β-O-4 bonds that was also higher in TW than in OW (84% vs. 64%, respectively). The effect of these wood features was evaluated in the production of Kraft pulps from both types of wood. At kappa number 16, Kraft pulps obtained from TW demanded less active alkali in delignification and presented slightly higher or similar pulp yield than pulps made with OW. Fiber length, coarseness and intrinsic viscosity were also higher in tension than in opposite pulps. When pulps where refined to 30°SR, TW pulps needed 18% more revolutions in the PFI mill to achieve the same beating degree than OW pulps. Strength properties (tensile, tear and burst indexes) were slightly higher or similar in tension as compared with opposite wood pulps. After an OD0(EO)D1 bleaching sequence, both pulps achieved up to 89% ISO brightness. Bleached pulps from TW presented higher viscosity and low amount of hexenuronic acids than pulps from OW. Results showed that TW presented high xylans and low lignin content that caused a decrease in alkali consumption, increase pulp strength properties and similar bleaching performance as compared with pulps from OW.

scholarly journals Processing and Mechanical Behavior of Banana Fibre Reinforced Epoxy based Composite with Alumina and silicon Carbide

2021 ◽  
pp. 434-441
Author(s):  
Kaushal Arrawatia ◽  
Kedar Narayan Bairwa ◽  
Raj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Fibre Reinforcement ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Banana Fibre ◽  
Percentage Weight ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer

Polymer composites have outstanding qualities such as high strength, flexibility, stiffness, and lightweight. Currently, research is being performed to develop innovative polymer composites that may be used in many operational situations and contain a variety of fibre and filler combinations. Banana fibre has low density compared to glass fibre and it is a lingo-cellulosic fibre having relatively good mechanical properties compared to glass fibre. Because of their outstanding qualities, banana fibre reinforced polymer composites are now widely used in various industries. The primary goal of this study is to determine the effect of the wt.% of banana fibre, the wt.% of SiC, and the wt.% of Al2O3 in banana fibre reinforcement composites on the mechanical and physical properties of banana fibre reinforcement composites. Tensile strength and flexural strength of unfilled banana fibre epoxy composite increased with the increase in wt. of banana fibre from 0 wt.% to 12 wt.%. Further, an increase in wt.% banana fibre drop in mechanical property was observed. It has been concluded from the study that the variation in percentage weight of filler material with fixed amount (12 wt.%) of banana fibre affects the mechanical properties of filled banana reinforcement composites. Optimum mechanical properties were obtained for BHEC5 (72 wt.% Epoxy + Hardener, 12 wt.% banana fibre and 16 wt.% Al2O3).

scholarly journals Examination on Lightweight Banana Fibre (bunch) and Polyestercomposite for Industrial Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S2) ◽  
pp. 45-48 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Banana Fiber ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Banana Fibre ◽  
Polymer Compound ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Disposal Problem

The durability of non-natural-reusable polymers is less identified, and it is challenging to dispose. To increase the durability and solve the disposal problem, polymers are reinforced with fibers. In this study, the banana fiber is used to prepare a lightweight composite mixed with a polymer compound. The fiber is extracted from the bunch of banana by retting process. The fabrication was done by adding fiber and the polyester resin in the mould by varying the composition, and the length of the fiber was fixed as 40 mm. As per standard of ASTM, The impact, tensile and flexural strength tests were conducted for the fabricated composite. The result was compared with coconut fiber and polyester resin composite. The study shows that the fiber prepared with the banana bunch shows a remarkable increase in mechanical properties proves to be a light weight material because of its less dense of fiber as 581 kg/m3. Hence, for industrial applications, the composite made of banana fiber and polyester can be used.

scholarly journals The Physical and Morphological Properties of Kenaf/ Epoxy Fibres in Coating Treatment Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mustakim Mohd Ghaztar ◽  
Nik Noor Idayu Nik Ibrahim ◽  
Sarani Zakaria ◽  
Ahmad Zafir Romli
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Fibre Coating ◽  
Acceptable Method ◽  
Section Analysis ◽  
Kenaf Fibres

Natural fibre is an economical material that often used in various applications due to its low in density, non-abrasiveness in processing and biodegradable. But, its usage in various applications is still limited due to the low in overall properties. The acceptable method to improve the properties of the fibres is by chemical treatment method that is costly, meticulous process and high energy demand. Thus, a new, simple and cost-effective fibre coating treatment method was developed which was able to improve the physical and morphological properties that open a new path for natural based materials to be used in a more robust application. In this study, the physical and morphological properties of various coated Kenaf fibres were analysed to comprehend the cutting behaviour of coated fibres after subjected to the pulverisation process. The Kenaf fibres were individually immersed in 1:4, 1:5 and 1:6 epoxy to acetone coating solutions prior cured, and pulverised consecutively using 5 mm, 1 mm, 0.5 mm and 0.25 mm mesh sizes aperture. The morphological characteristic was analysed using polarised optical and scanning electron microscope. The result showed that 1:6 coating ratio solution able to effectively coat the fibres’ aspect ratio that forming individual coated fibre which in long length pulverised fibres. Moreover, the low viscous 1:6 solution able to penetrate inside fibre structure that supported by density and fibre cross-section analysis compare to the other solutions. In future, this analysis is crucial to give insight on the coated fibres behaviour after subjected to the mechanical means of cutting process that later relates to the reinforcing mechanism in the composite samples.

Nitric Acid-Potassium Hydroxide Fractionation of Rice Straw: an Integrated Biorefinery Initiative

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Mostafizur Rahman ◽  
Nur-Al-Sarah Rafsan ◽  
Jannatun Nayeem ◽  
Mohammad Moniruzzaman ◽  
M. Sarwar Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Agricultural Residue ◽  
Low Potassium ◽  
Spent Liquor ◽  
Final Effluent

Abstract Rice straw was fractionated with nitric acid in order to avoid the cooking liquor recovery in pulp production from agricultural residue (rice straw). The rice straw treated with 11.03% nitric acid at 90 ℃ for 3hr yields 53.09% pulp. The nitric acid treated rice straw pulp had high amount of lignin and minerals. However, further treatment of nitric acid pulp with low potassium hydroxide reduced the lignin and ash sufficiently as well as the pulp yield. Pulp yield reduced from 53.09 to 34.27%. The papermaking properties of the nitric acid followed by KOH treated pulp showed better quality than the nitric acid pulp. Nitric acid liquor was used several times. Pulp yield decreased in every step of reusing of the nitric acid spent liquor although residual lignin content increased. The final effluent liquor was rich with potassium, nitrogen and biomass that can be used as soil nutrient for cultivation.

Banana Fiber Reinforcement and Application in Composites

2016 ◽  
pp. 201-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhinav Shandilya ◽  
Ayush Gupta ◽  
Deepak Verma
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Focus Attention ◽  
Banana Fiber ◽  
Composites Materials ◽  
Fibre Composites

The growing awareness about sustainable development, environmental ecology and new legislations has led researchers to focus attention on bio fibres reinforced composites. In this field research has been done on many fibres but fibres such as banana, coir, bagasse, jute have gained importance in the recent decades. The main advantage of the natural fibre based composites materials being their low cost, easy availability, low density, acceptable specific properties, ease of separation, enhanced energy recovery, C02 neutrality, biodegradability and recyclability in nature. The attention is being given to the development of natural fibre composites is to explore value-added application avenues for their use and also for a sustainable and economical use of easily available natural material in hand. Agricultural waste is a very good example of such naturally available material and it can also be used to prepare composite materials for commercial use this has a very significant advantage over other natural fibres as its abundance and because of almost no cost.

scholarly journals Production of Greener High-Strength Concrete Using Russian Quartz Sandstone Mine Waste Aggregates

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 5575
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Tolstoy ◽  
Valery Lesovik ◽  
Roman Fediuk ◽  
Mugahed Amran ◽  
Murali Gunasekaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Strength Concrete ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mine Waste ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Natural Activity ◽  
Strength Concrete ◽  
The Cost

Quartz sandstone (QS) is a mine waste; therefore, its use in construction allows for both reducing the cost of the concrete and contributing to the utilization of waste. The scientific originality of this study is the identification of models of the effect of QS aggregate on the physicomechanical, durability characteristics, and eco-safety of greener high-strength concrete. The study used an energy-efficient method of non-thermal effects of electromagnetic pulses on the destruction mechanisms of quartz-containing raw materials. The characteristics of quartzite sandstone aggregates, including the natural activity of radionuclides, were comprehensively studied. The features of concrete hardening, including the formation of an interfacial transition zone between the aggregate and the cement matrix, were studied, taking into account the chemical and morphological features of quartzite sandstone. In addition, the microstructural and morphological properties of concrete were determined after a 28 day curing. In this study, the behaviors of the concrete with QS aggregate were investigated, bearing in mind the provisions of geomimetics science on the affinity of structures. The results obtained showed that the QS aggregate had the activity of natural radionuclides 3–4 times lower compared to traditional aggregates. Efficient greener concrete with a 46.3 MPa compressive strength, water permeability grade W14, and freeze–thaw resistance of 300 cycles were also obtained, demonstrating that the performance of this greener concrete was comparable to that of traditional concrete with more expensive granite or gabbro diabase aggregates.

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