Affective bias in internal attention shifting among depressed youth

2011 ◽  
Vol 187 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 125-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Chuen Yee Lo ◽  
Nicholas B. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Attention Shifting ◽  
Affective Bias ◽  
Internal Attention

scholarly journals The mind's eye, looking inward? In search of executive control in internal attention shifting

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 572-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Gehring ◽  
Richard L. Bryck ◽  
John Jonides ◽  
Roger L. Albin ◽  
David Badre
Keyword(s):  
Executive Control ◽  
Attention Shifting ◽  
Mind's Eye ◽  
Internal Attention

The Flip Side of the Auditory Spatial Selection Benefit

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iring Koch ◽  
Vera Lawo
Keyword(s):  
Task Switching ◽  
Auditory Task ◽  
Numerical Magnitude ◽  
Attention Shifting ◽  
Gender Selection ◽  
Spatial Selection ◽  
Number Words ◽  
Switch Costs ◽  
Mixing Costs ◽  
Experimental Group

In cued auditory task switching, one of two dichotically presented number words, spoken by a female and a male, had to be judged according to its numerical magnitude. One experimental group selected targets by speaker gender and another group by ear of presentation. In mixed-task blocks, the target-defining feature (male/female vs. left/right) was cued prior to each trial, but in pure blocks it remained constant. Compared to selection by gender, selection by ear led to better performance in pure blocks than in mixed blocks, resulting in larger “global” mixing costs for ear-based selection. Selection by ear also led to larger “local” switch costs in mixed blocks, but this finding was partially mediated by differential cue-repetition benefits. Together, the data suggest that requirements of attention shifting diminish the auditory spatial selection benefit.

Dissociating Attention Shifting and Expectation Through Electroencephalographic Dynamics

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Cosmelli ◽  
Vladimir Lopez ◽  
Javier Lopez-Calderon ◽  
Bernard Renault ◽  
Jacques Martinerie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Shifting

Auditory Attention Shifting

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertram Scharf ◽  
Adam Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Attention ◽  
Attention Shifting

scholarly journals Individual differences in working memory capacity are unrelated to the magnitudes of retrocue benefits

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoxiong Ye ◽  
Qianru Xu ◽  
Xinyang Liu ◽  
Piia Astikainen ◽  
Yongjie Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Capacity Measurement ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Feature Dimension ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Internal Attention

AbstractPrevious studies have associated visual working memory (VWM) capacity with the use of internal attention. Retrocues, which direct internal attention to a particular object or feature dimension, can improve VWM performance (i.e., retrocue benefit, RCB). However, so far, no study has investigated the relationship between VWM capacity and the magnitudes of RCBs obtained from object-based and dimension-based retrocues. The present study explored individual differences in the magnitudes of object- and dimension-based RCBs and their relationships with VWM capacity. Participants completed a VWM capacity measurement, an object-based cue task, and a dimension-based cue task. We confirmed that both object- and dimension-based retrocues could improve VWM performance. We also found a significant positive correlation between the magnitudes of object- and dimension-based RCB indexes, suggesting a partly overlapping mechanism between the use of object- and dimension-based retrocues. However, our results provided no evidence for a correlation between VWM capacity and the magnitudes of the object- or dimension-based RCBs. Although inadequate attention control is usually assumed to be associated with VWM capacity, the results suggest that the internal attention mechanism for using retrocues in VWM retention is independent of VWM capacity.

scholarly journals Faith and Rhetoric in Giles of Rome

Vivarium ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Nicolas Faucher
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Psychological Process ◽  
Natural Control ◽  
Philip The Chancellor ◽  
The Will ◽  
Affective Bias ◽  
The One ◽  
Rhetorical Discourse ◽  
D 23

AbstractGiles of Rome’s view of faith in the reportatio of his questions on book III of the Sentences (q. 38, d. 23) is founded on a likening of faith to rhetoric. The firm intellectual assent that characterizes them both is caused by the will, motivated by emotion, or affective bias. This paper argues that this is made possible by Giles’ move away from Aquinas’ position on the assent produced by rhetorical discourse, which Aquinas thought to be of little certainty, while Giles affirms that, based on the will’s natural control over the intellect, it can be as certain as faithful assent, and that the psychological process that produces it can serve as a model for that which produces faithful assent. The new function Giles gives to rhetoric underlines the evolution of thirteenth-century views on faith, as shown through a comparison of Giles’ view with two other doctrines of faith that use examples similar to the one Giles employs: those of Philip the Chancellor and Peter John Olivi. For the former, faith founded on affective bias is a typical example of non-virtuous faith, while for the latter, just as for Giles, it is the very model of virtuous faith.

scholarly journals Cognitive Predictors of Spoken Word Recognition in Children With and Without Developmental Language Disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1409-1425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia L. Evans ◽  
Ronald B. Gillam ◽  
James W. Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Target Word ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Receptive Vocabulary ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Word Knowledge ◽  
Attention Shifting

Purpose This study examined the influence of cognitive factors on spoken word recognition in children with developmental language disorder (DLD) and typically developing (TD) children. Method Participants included 234 children (aged 7;0–11;11 years;months), 117 with DLD and 117 TD children, propensity matched for age, gender, socioeconomic status, and maternal education. Children completed a series of standardized assessment measures, a forward gating task, a rapid automatic naming task, and a series of tasks designed to examine cognitive factors hypothesized to influence spoken word recognition including phonological working memory, updating, attention shifting, and interference inhibition. Results Spoken word recognition for both initial and final accept gate points did not differ for children with DLD and TD controls after controlling target word knowledge in both groups. The 2 groups also did not differ on measures of updating, attention switching, and interference inhibition. Despite the lack of difference on these measures, for children with DLD, attention shifting and interference inhibition were significant predictors of spoken word recognition, whereas updating and receptive vocabulary were significant predictors of speed of spoken word recognition for the children in the TD group. Conclusion Contrary to expectations, after controlling for target word knowledge, spoken word recognition did not differ for children with DLD and TD controls; however, the cognitive processing factors that influenced children's ability to recognize the target word in a stream of speech differed qualitatively for children with and without DLDs.

scholarly journals The mental wormhole: Internal attention shifts without regard for distance

2012 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1199-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan T. Tanoue ◽  
Marian E. Berryhill
Keyword(s):  
Internal Attention ◽  
Attention Shifts
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