Biopriming with rhizosphere Trichoderma harzianum elicit protection against grapevine downy mildew disease by triggering histopathological and biochemical defense responses

Rhizosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 100398
Author(s):  
Milan V. Kamble ◽  
Shreya M. Joshi ◽  
Shiva Hadminai ◽  
Sudisha Jogaiah
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Grapevine Downy Mildew ◽  
Downy Mildew Disease

scholarly journals Isolation of Plasmopara viticola from Grapevine Leaves

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Camelia Ungureanu ◽  
Liliana Cristina Soare ◽  
Diana Vizitiu ◽  
Mirela Calinescu ◽  
Irina Fierascu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Grapevine Downy Mildew ◽  
Grapevine Leaves ◽  
Downy Mildew Disease

In order to test some biofungicides, the isolation of Plasmopara viticola was carried out.Plasmopara viticola is a fungus that causes the grapevine downy mildew disease [...]

scholarly journals Nonhost Versus Host Resistance to the Grapevine Downy Mildew, Plasmopara viticola, Studied at the Tissue Level

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 776-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Díez-Navajas ◽  
S. Wiedemann-Merdinoglu ◽  
C. Greif ◽  
D. Merdinoglu
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Vitis Riparia ◽  
Grapevine Downy Mildew ◽  
Resistance Factors ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Muscadinia Rotundifolia

Following inoculation of host and nonhost plants with Plasmopara viticola, the grapevine downy mildew, a histological survey was undertaken to identify the stage where its development is contained in nonhosts and in resistant host plants. Three herbaceous nonhost species, Beta vulgaris, Lactuca sativa, and Capsicum annuum, and three grapevine species displaying different level of resistance (Vitis vinifera [susceptible], Vitis riparia [partially resistant] and Muscadinia rotundifolia [totally resistant]) where inoculated by P. viticola using a controlled leaf disk inoculation bioassay. During the early steps of infection, defined as encystment of zoospores on stomata, penetration of the germ tube, and production of the vesicle with the primary hypha, there was no evidence of a clear-cut preference to grapevine tissues that could attest to host specificity. The main difference between host grapevine species and nonhosts was observed during the haustorium formation stage. In nonhost tissues, the infection was stopped by cell wall-associated defense responses before any mature haustorium could appear. Defense responses in resistant grapevines were triggered when haustoria were fully visible and corresponded to hypersensitive responses. These observations illustrate that, for P. viticola, haustorium formation is not only a key stage for the establishment of biotrophy but also for the host specificity and the recognition by grapevine resistance factors.

scholarly journals Kaolin Particle Film Protects Grapevine cv. Cabernet Sauvignon Against Downy Mildew by Forming Particle Film at the Leaf Surface, Directly Acting on Sporangia and Inducing the Defense of the Plant

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Xiao Cao ◽  
Yulei Han ◽  
Xing Han ◽  
Zhilei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Grapevine Downy Mildew ◽  
Protected Plants ◽  
Grapevine Leaves

Downy mildew is a major threat to viticulture, leading to severe yield loss. The use of traditional copper-based fungicides is effective, but has adverse effects on the environment and human health, making it urgent to develop an environmentally friendly disease management program. Multi-functional kaolin particle film (KPF) is promising as an effective and safer treatment strategy, since this material lacks chemically active ingredients. In this study, ability of Kaolin particle film (KPF) pretreatment to protect grapevine leaves from Plasmopara viticola was tested and the mode of action of KPF was analyzed. KPF application reduced the disease severity and the development of intercellular hyphae. Additionally, there was reduced accumulation of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) with pretreatment. The observation of ultrastructure on the leaf surface showed KPF deposition and stomatal obstruction, indicating that KPF protected plants against disease by preventing the adhesion of pathogens to the leaf surface and blocking invasion through the stomata. KPF pretreatment also activated host defense responses, as evidenced by increased activities of anti-oxidative enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT)] and defense-related enzymes [phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chitinases, and β-1,3-glucanases], increased phytohormone signals [abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA)] and the up-regulation of defense genes related to plant defense. Overall, these results demonstrate that KPF treatment counters grapevine downy mildew by protecting leaves and enhancing plant defense responses.

scholarly journals Transcriptional profiling reveals multiple defense responses in downy mildew-resistant transgenic grapevine expressing a TIR-NBS-LRR gene located at the MrRUN1/MrRPV1 locus

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junjie Qu ◽  
Ian Dry ◽  
Lulu Liu ◽  
Zexi Guo ◽  
Ling Yin
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Transcriptional Profiling ◽  
Transcriptional Response ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Stilbene Synthase ◽  
Disease Resistance Gene ◽  
Grapevine Downy Mildew ◽  
Transgenic Grapevine

AbstractGrapevine downy mildew (DM) is a destructive oomycete disease of viticulture worldwide. MrRPV1 is a typical TIR-NBS-LRR type DM disease resistance gene cloned from the wild North American grapevine species Muscadinia rotundifolia. However, the molecular basis of resistance mediated by MrRPV1 remains poorly understood. Downy mildew-susceptible Vitis vinifera cv. Shiraz was transformed with a genomic fragment containing MrRPV1 to produce DM-resistant transgenic Shiraz lines. Comparative transcriptome analysis was used to compare the transcriptome profiles of the resistant and susceptible genotypes after DM infection. Transcriptome modulation during the response to P. viticola infection was more rapid, and more genes were induced in MrRPV1-transgenic Shiraz than in wild-type plants. In DM-infected MrRPV1-transgenic plants, activation of genes associated with Ca2+ release and ROS production was the earliest transcriptional response. Functional analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed that key genes related to multiple phytohormone signaling pathways and secondary metabolism were highly induced during infection. Coexpression network and motif enrichment analysis showed that WRKY and MYB transcription factors strongly coexpress with stilbene synthase (VvSTS) genes during defense against P. viticola in MrRPV1-transgenic plants. Taken together, these findings indicate that multiple pathways play important roles in MrRPV1-mediated resistance to downy mildew.

scholarly journals Investigation of long non-coding RNAs as regulatory players of grapevine response to powdery and downy mildew infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Garima Bhatia ◽  
Santosh K. Upadhyay ◽  
Anuradha Upadhyay ◽  
Kashmir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Transcriptional Reprogramming ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Fungal Phytopathogens

Abstract Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are regulatory transcripts of length > 200 nt. Owing to the rapidly progressing RNA-sequencing technologies, lncRNAs are emerging as considerable nodes in the plant antifungal defense networks. Therefore, we investigated their role in Vitis vinifera (grapevine) in response to obligate biotrophic fungal phytopathogens, Erysiphe necator (powdery mildew, PM) and Plasmopara viticola (downy mildew, DM), which impose huge agro-economic burden on grape-growers worldwide. Results Using computational approach based on RNA-seq data, 71 PM- and 83 DM-responsive V. vinifera lncRNAs were identified and comprehensively examined for their putative functional roles in plant defense response. V. vinifera protein coding sequences (CDS) were also profiled based on expression levels, and 1037 PM-responsive and 670 DM-responsive CDS were identified. Next, co-expression analysis-based functional annotation revealed their association with gene ontology (GO) terms for ‘response to stress’, ‘response to biotic stimulus’, ‘immune system process’, etc. Further investigation based on analysis of domains, enzyme classification, pathways enrichment, transcription factors (TFs), interactions with microRNAs (miRNAs), and real-time quantitative PCR of lncRNAs and co-expressing CDS pairs suggested their involvement in modulation of basal and specific defense responses such as: Ca2+-dependent signaling, cell wall reinforcement, reactive oxygen species metabolism, pathogenesis related proteins accumulation, phytohormonal signal transduction, and secondary metabolism. Conclusions Overall, the identified lncRNAs provide insights into the underlying intricacy of grapevine transcriptional reprogramming/post-transcriptional regulation to delay or seize the living cell-dependent pathogen growth. Therefore, in addition to defense-responsive genes such as TFs, the identified lncRNAs can be further examined and leveraged to candidates for biotechnological improvement/breeding to enhance fungal stress resistance in this susceptible fruit crop of economic and nutritional importance.

scholarly journals A High-Quality Grapevine Downy Mildew Genome Assembly Reveals Rapidly Evolving and Lineage-Specific Putative Host Adaptation Genes

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 954-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yann Dussert ◽  
Isabelle D Mazet ◽  
Carole Couture ◽  
Jérôme Gouzy ◽  
Marie-Christine Piron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Genome Assembly ◽  
Population Genomics ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Host Specialization ◽  
Grapevine Downy Mildew ◽  
Downy Mildews ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
High Level

Abstract Downy mildews are obligate biotrophic oomycete pathogens that cause devastating plant diseases on economically important crops. Plasmopara viticola is the causal agent of grapevine downy mildew, a major disease in vineyards worldwide. We sequenced the genome of Pl. viticola with PacBio long reads and obtained a new 92.94 Mb assembly with high contiguity (359 scaffolds for a N50 of 706.5 kb) due to a better resolution of repeat regions. This assembly presented a high level of gene completeness, recovering 1,592 genes encoding secreted proteins involved in plant–pathogen interactions. Plasmopara viticola had a two-speed genome architecture, with secreted protein-encoding genes preferentially located in gene-sparse, repeat-rich regions and evolving rapidly, as indicated by pairwise dN/dS values. We also used short reads to assemble the genome of Plasmopara muralis, a closely related species infecting grape ivy (Parthenocissus tricuspidata). The lineage-specific proteins identified by comparative genomics analysis included a large proportion of RxLR cytoplasmic effectors and, more generally, genes with high dN/dS values. We identified 270 candidate genes under positive selection, including several genes encoding transporters and components of the RNA machinery potentially involved in host specialization. Finally, the Pl. viticola genome assembly generated here will allow the development of robust population genomics approaches for investigating the mechanisms involved in adaptation to biotic and abiotic selective pressures in this species.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document