Sex Differences in Cognitive Reserve among First Episode of Psychosis Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Magdaleno Herrero ◽  
Victor Ortiz-García de la Foz ◽  
Nancy Murillo-García ◽  
Javier Vázquez-Bourgon ◽  
Esther Setién-Suero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
First Episode

No sex differences in neuropsychological performance in first episode psychosis patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Ayesa-Arriola ◽  
Jose Manuel Rodriguez-Sanchez ◽  
Elsa Gomez-Ruiz ◽  
Roberto Roiz-Santiáñez ◽  
Lauren L. Reeves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Neuropsychological Performance ◽  
Episode Psychosis

P.0148 Sex differences in first episode of psychosis with or without substance use history

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. S106-S107
Author(s):  
M. Garriga ◽  
S. Amoretti ◽  
G. Safont ◽  
N. Verdolini ◽  
G. Mezquida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
First Episode

P.0149 Cognitive reserve and cannabis use in first-episode psychoses

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. S107-S108
Author(s):  
S. Amoretti ◽  
N. Verdolini ◽  
G. Mezquida ◽  
M.J. Cuesta ◽  
M. Parellada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
First Episode

scholarly journals M176. INTESTINAL PERMEABILITY AND LOW-GRADE CHRONIC INFLAMMATION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA: DO THEY INFLUENCE COGNITION AND COGNITIVE RESERVE?

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S203-S204
Author(s):  
Gerard Anmella ◽  
Silvia Amoretti ◽  
Miqueu Alfonso ◽  
Oriol Cuñat ◽  
Gemma Safont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Higher intestinal-permeability is known to cause low-grade chronic inflammation, which seems to participate in the development and worsening of psychotic disorders both in first-episode psychosis (FEP) and schizophrenia (SCZ) patients. Moreover, in psychotic disorders, inflammation has been linked to cognition and cognitive reserve (CR). The aim of this study is to assess the relation between intestinal-permeability, low-grade chronic inflammation, cognition and cognitive reserve in psychotic disorders. Methods Observational, cross-sectional and multisite study including four centers in Spain (Grant from Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, PI17/00246). A total of 500 adult patients with DSM-5 SCZ-spectrum disorder at any stage of the disease were recruited. Psychotic symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Disease severity was assessed using the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale and functioning was assessed using the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale. The intestinal-permeability was estimated with the “Permeable-Intestine-syndrome questionnaire”. The diet was assessed with the “Mediterranean-diet-adherence questionnaire”. Exercise was measured with the “International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)”. Cognition was measured with the SCIP-S scale. CR was assessed with the Cognitive Reserve Assessment Scale in Health (CRASH), which is a scale developed to measure CR specifically for patients with severe mental illness. Correlations between CRASH scores and the remainder variables were performed. Results For the present study we included only the subjects who had CRASH score, a total of 112 patients, 42.7% female, aged 40.61±12.4 (mean±SD). Substance use was present in 44.3%. The CRASH score was 33.30±15.72 (mean±SD) and was associated with negative (but not positive) psychotic symptoms assessed by PANSS (PANSS negative; rp=-3.98; p=0.001, PANSS general; rp=-2.13; p=0.038, GAF; rp=0.410; p<0.0001, CGI; rp=-0.30; p=0.002, IPAQ; rs=0.224; p=0.025 and the permeability-scale; rs=-0.266; p=0.008. All cognitive domains (assessed by SCIP-S) were associated to CRASH: verbal learning immediate (rp=0.584; p<0.0001) and differed (rp=0.515; p<0.0001), working memory (rp=0.539; p<0.0001), verbal fluency (rs=0.485; p<0.0001) and processing speed (rp=0.584; p<0.0001). No significant associations were found with Mediterranean-diet scale (rs=0.195; p=0.056), IMC (rs=-0.192; p=0.063), C-reactive protein (rs=-0.104; p=0.278) and the IPAQ-resting scale and permeability-scale (rs=0.119; p=0.244). Discussion

scholarly journals S47. A MULTICENTER STUDY OF COGNITIVE RESERVE IN FIRST-EPISODE PYCHOSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S50-S50
Author(s):  
Silvia Amoretti ◽  
Gerard Anmella ◽  
Ana Meseguer ◽  
Cristina Saiz ◽  
Sonia Canals ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Neurocognitive Performance ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Trail Making

Abstract Background The cognitive reserve (CR) refers to the brain’s capacity to cope with pathology in order to minimize the symptoms. In the field of first episode psychosis (FEP), the CR was able to predict functional and neurocognitive performance. Nevertheless, CR has been estimated using heterogeneous methods, which, in term, difficult to compare studies. Therefore, there is a need to create a specific scale for the assessment of this relevant construct. The Cognitive Reserve Assessment Scale in Health (CRASH) is the first measure developed specifically for patients with severe mental illness with optimal psychometric properties, facilitating reliable and valid measurement of CR. The study of the internal structure of the CRASH determined a four-factor structure (Education, Occupation, Leisure activities and Sociability) that can be analyzed separately to know what kind of relationship they might have with other variables. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of CR measured with CRASH scale on functioning and neurocognitive performance and to explore the relationship of each factor with the outcome in an adult sample of subjects with FEP. Methods The sample of this study came from a multicentre, naturalistic and longitudinal research project financed by a catalan grant (“Pla Estratègic de Recerca i Innovació en Salut” - PERIS 2016–2018). Expedient Nº: SLT006/17/00345; entitled “Identificación y caracterización del valor predictivo de la reserva cognitiva en el curso evolutivo y respuesta en terapéutica en personas con un primer episodio psicótico”. 23 FEP patients and 72 healthy control (HC) were enrolled. The premorbid IQ was estimated with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV) vocabulary subtest. To assess processing speed, Trail Making Test-part A was used. Sustained attention was tested with the Continuous Performance Test–II. The working memory was assessed with the Letters and Numbers Subtest of the WAIS-IV. Finally, the executive functions tested set shifting, planning and cognitive flexibility using the Tower of London task and the Trail Making Test (TMT) part B. Results Significant differences between the total CRASH score of patients and HC groups have been found. The patient group obtained lower scores compared to the HC group (36.66±16.01 vs 49.83±11.08, p<0.001). After performing a logistic regression to assess the predictive power of CRASH for each group, the model correctly classified 83.2% of the cases (B=0.091; p<0.001; Exp(B)=1.095). In FEP patients, the CRASH score was associated with premorbid IQ (p<0.001), processing speed (p=0.005), executive function (TMT-B, p=0.005; London Tower task, p=0.039) and attention (CPT Hit SE ISI change, p=0.004). Specifically, the Education factor was associated with premorbid IQ, processing speed, working memory and executive function. The Occupation was only associated with executive function. Leisure activities factor was correlated with premorbid IQ and functioning. Finally, Sociability was correlated with psychosocial functioning and duration of untreated psychosis. In HC, CRASH was associated with premorbid IQ (p<0.001) and attention (p=0.015). Education and Occupation factors were associated with premorbid IQ and attention; Leisure activities with processing speed; and sociability with attention. Discussion FEP patients were shown to have lower CR than HC, and CRASH correctly classified 83.2% of the sample. Each CRASH factor was associated with different outcome, which is why it can be interesting to analyze the total CRASH score and each factor separately. Patients with higher CR showed a better cognitive performance. Therefore, enhancing each factor involved in cognitive reserve may improve outcomes in FEP.

Prolactin levels in drug-naïve first episode nonaffective psychosis patients compared with healthy controls. Sex differences

2019 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 218-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Del Cacho ◽  
A. Butjosa ◽  
R. Vila-Badia ◽  
D. Cuadras ◽  
M. Kaplan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Drug Naïve

scholarly journals The Effect of Cannabis Use and Cognitive Reserve on Age at Onset and Psychosis Outcomes in First-Episode Schizophrenia

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 873-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. C. Leeson ◽  
I. Harrison ◽  
M. A. Ron ◽  
T. R. E. Barnes ◽  
E. M. Joyce
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
First Episode ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Cognitive Functioning in At-Risk Mental State for Psychosis, First Episode Psychosis and Healthy Control Subjects

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ittig ◽  
E. Studerus ◽  
M. Papmeyer ◽  
M. Uttinger ◽  
S. Koranyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
At Risk Mental State

AbstractBackground:Several sex differences in schizophrenia have been reported including differences in cognitive functioning. Studies with schizophrenia patients and healthy controls (HC) indicate that the sex advantage for women in verbal domains is also present in schizophrenia patients. However, findings have been inconsistent. No study focused on sex-related cognitive performance differences in at-risk mental state for psychosis (ARMS) individuals yet. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate sex differences in cognitive functioning in ARMS, first episode psychosis (FEP) and HC subjects. We expected a better verbal learning and memory performance of women in all groups.Methods:The neuropsychological data analysed in this study were collected within the prospective Früherkennung von Psychosen (FePsy) study. In total, 118 ARMS, 88 FEP individuals and 86 HC completed a cognitive test battery covering the domains of executive functions, attention, working memory, verbal learning and memory, IQ and speed of processing.Results:Women performed better in verbal learning and memory regardless of diagnostic group. By contrast, men as compared to women showed a shorter reaction time during the working memory task across all groups.Conclusion:The results provide evidence that women generally perform better in verbal learning and memory, independent of diagnostic group (ARMS, FEP, HC). The finding of a shorter reaction time for men in the working memory task could indicate that men have a superior working memory performance since they responded faster during the target trials, while maintaining a comparable overall working memory performance level.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document