scholarly journals Detection of Xylella fastidiosa in almond orchards by synergic use of an epidemic spread model and remotely sensed plant traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 260 ◽  
pp. 112420
Author(s):  
C. Camino ◽  
R. Calderón ◽  
S. Parnell ◽  
H. Dierkes ◽  
Y. Chemin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Traits ◽  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Epidemic Spread ◽  
Spread Model ◽  
Almond Orchards

scholarly journals Modeling quarantine during epidemics and mass-testing using drones

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Sedov ◽  
Alexander Krasnochub ◽  
Valentin Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Epidemic Spread ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Peak Number ◽  
Infected Population ◽  
Sir Epidemic ◽  
Spread Model ◽  
Over Time

We extend the classical SIR epidemic spread model by introducing the “quarantined” compartment. We solve (numerically) the differential equations that govern the extended model and quantify how quarantining “flattens the curve” for the proportion of infected population over time. Furthermore, we explore the potential of using drones to deliver tests, enabling mass-testing for the infection; we give a method to estimate the drone fleet needed to deliver the tests in a metropolitan area. Application of our models to COVID-19 spread in Sweden shows how the proposed methods could substantially decrease the peak number of infected people, almost without increasing the duration of the epidemic.

Seasonal Abundance of Draeculacephala minerva and Other Xylella fastidiosa Vectors in California Almond Orchards and Vineyards

2011 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent M. Daane ◽  
Christina M. Wistrom ◽  
Elaine B. Shapland ◽  
Mark S. Sisterson
Keyword(s):  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Almond Orchards

scholarly journals Remote and Proximal Assessment of Plant Traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1893
Author(s):  
Ittai Herrmann ◽  
Katja Berger
Keyword(s):  
Plant Traits ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Efficient Information

The inference of functional vegetation traits from remotely sensed signals is key to providing efficient information for multiple plant-based applications and to solve related problems [...]

scholarly journals COVID-19 Outbreak in Oman: Model-Driven Impact Analysis and Challenges

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashif Zia ◽  
Umar Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Epidemic Spread ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Mobility Data ◽  
Testing Strategies ◽  
Spread Model ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Simulation Results

AbstractMotivated by the rapid spread of COVID-19 all across the globe, we have performed simulations of a system dynamic epidemic spread model in different possible situations. The simulation, not only captures the model dynamic of the spread of the virus, but also, takes care of population and mobility data. The model is calibrated based on epidemic data and events specifically of Sultanate of Oman, which can easily be generalized. The simulation results are quite disturbing, indicating that, during a process of stringent social distancing and testing strategies, a small perturbation can lead to quite undesirable outcomes. The simulation results, although consistent in expected outcomes across changing parameters’ values, also indicate a substantial mismatch with real numbers. An analysis of what can be the reason of this mismatch is also performed. Within these contradictions, for Oman, regarding the eradication of epidemic, the future is not extremely alarming.

Epidemics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Charbonneau
Keyword(s):  
Scale Invariance ◽  
Small World ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Small World Network ◽  
Epidemic Spread ◽  
Fire Model ◽  
Random Walkers ◽  
Contagious Diseases ◽  
Spread Model ◽  
Forest Fire Model

This chapter examines the complex nature of the epidemic spread of contagious diseases. It first describes the model of epidemic spread constructed by adding random walks on a lattice to the forest-fire model before discussing the implementation of the epidemic “algorithm” using a minimal Python code. It then considers a representative simulation showing a time series of the number of infected and healthy random walkers, along with the behavior of the epidemic spread model and the dynamic self-organization of epidemic surges around a marginal infection rate of exactly unity. It also explores the scale invariance of a small-world network connecting twelve nodes. The chapter includes exercises and further computational explorations, along with a suggested list of materials for further reading.

Remotely sensed plant traits can provide insights into ecosystem impacts of plant invasions: a case study covering two functionally different invaders

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 3533-3550
Author(s):  
Elisa Van Cleemput ◽  
Koenraad Van Meerbeek ◽  
Kenny Helsen ◽  
Olivier Honnay ◽  
Ben Somers
Keyword(s):  
Plant Traits ◽  
Plant Invasions ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Ecosystem Impacts

scholarly journals Voting Rule Based Cellular Automata Epidemic Spread Model for Leptospirosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Senthil Athithan ◽  
Vidya Prasad Shukla ◽  
Sangappa Ramachandra Biradar
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Epidemic Spread ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Voting Rule ◽  
Spread Model

scholarly journals Ground Vegetation Survey for Xylella fastidiosa in California Almond Orchards

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (7) ◽  
pp. 905-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine B. Shapland ◽  
Kent M. Daane ◽  
Glenn Y. Yokota ◽  
Christina Wistrom ◽  
Joseph H. Connell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Restriction Enzyme Digestion ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Almond Orchards

Xylella fastidiosa is a xylem-limited bacterium that causes almond leaf scorch (ALS), Pierce's disease of grapevines, and other plant diseases. We surveyed ground vegetation in ALS-infected almond orchards in California's Central Valley for the presence of this bacterium. Plant tissue samples were collected throughout a 2-year period and processed for the presence of X. fastidiosa using restriction enzyme digestion of RST31 and RST33 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products and bacterial culture on selective media. Overall disease incidence was low in the ground vegetation species; only 63 of 1,369 samples tested positive. Of the 38 species of common ground vegetation tested, 11 tested positive for X. fastidiosa, including such common species as shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris), filaree (Erodium spp.), cheeseweed (Malva parvifolia), burclover (Medicago polymorpha), annual bluegrass (Poa annua) London rocket (Sisymbrium irio), and chickweed (Stellaria media). There was a seasonal component to bacterial presence, with positive samples found only between November and March. Both ground vegetation and almond trees were most commonly infected with the almond strain of X. fastidiosa (six of seven surveyed sites). ALS-infected almond samples had an X. fastidiosa concentration within previously reported ranges (1.84 × 106 to 2.15 × 107 CFU/g); however, we were unable to accurately measure X. fastidiosa titer in sampled ground vegetation for comparison. These results are discussed with respect to ground vegetation management for ALS control.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Outbreak: Model-Driven Impact Analysis Comparing Oman and Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-54
Author(s):  
Kashif Zia ◽  
Umar Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Shafi
Keyword(s):  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Epidemic Spread ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Mobility Data ◽  
Testing Strategies ◽  
Spread Model ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Expected Outcomes

Motivated by the rapid spread of COVID-19 all across the globe, we haveperformed simulations of a system dynamic epidemic spread model in differentpossible situations. The simulation, not only captures the model dynamic of thespread of the virus, but also, takes care of population and mobility data. Themodel is calibrated based on epidemic data and events as they happened. Thesimulation results are quite disturbing, indicating that, during a process of stringent social distancing and testing strategies, a small perturbation can lead toquite undesirable outcomes. The simulation results, although consistent in expected outcomes across changing parameters’ values, also indicate a substantialmismatch with real numbers. An analysis of what can be the reason of this mismatch is also performed. Within these contradictions, a comparative analysisof COVID-19 outbreak between two geographically close but demographicallyvery different countries – that is Oman and Pakistan – is performed.

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