Goblet cell depletion in small intestinal villous and crypt epithelium of conventional nursing and weaned pigs infected with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus

2017 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 12-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwonil Jung ◽  
Linda J. Saif
Keyword(s):  
Goblet Cell ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Cell Depletion ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Crypt Epithelium ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea ◽  
Small Intestinal

scholarly journals Dietary 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Supplementation Alleviates Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection by Improving Intestinal Structure and Immune Response in Weaned Pigs

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiwen Yang ◽  
Gang Tian ◽  
Daiwen Chen ◽  
Ping Zheng ◽  
Jie Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Intestinal Damage ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Villous Height ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea

We conducted this experiment to determine if feeding 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) to weaned pigs would alleviate porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection and immune response. Forty-two weaned pigs were allotted to 1 of 6 dietary 25(OH)D3 treatments (5.5, 5.5, 43.0, 80.5, 118.0, 155.5 μg 25(OH)D3/kg diet) for 26 days. On day 22 of the trial, all the treatments were orally administrated with PEDV except for one of the 5.5 μg 25(OH)D3/kg treatments, which was challenged with the same volume of sterile saline and served as control. Another 5.5 μg 25(OH)D3/kg group for PEDV challenge was named CON-PEDV. Average daily gain (p < 0.05) was reduced by PEDV infection. PEDV administration also induced severe diarrhea (p < 0.05), reduction of villous height and the ratio of villous height to crypt depth, and increase of crypt depth and serum diamine oxidase activity (p < 0.05). Serum IgM and complement component 4 levels were increased by PEDV challenge. However, 155.5 μg 25(OH)D3/kg supplementation alleviated intestinal damage (p < 0.05) compared with CON-PEDV. Furthermore, 155.5 μg 25(OH)D3/kg supplementation downregulated the mRNA abundance of inflammatory cytokines and interferon signal pathway-related genes (p < 0.05) compared with CON-PEDV. These results suggested that dietary supplementation of 155.5 μg 25(OH)D3/kg could alleviate intestinal damage and protect against PEDV-induced inflammatory status.

Pathogenesis of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus isolate (US/Iowa/18984/2013) in 3-week-old weaned pigs

2014 ◽  
Vol 174 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 60-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Madson ◽  
D.R. Magstadt ◽  
P.H.E. Arruda ◽  
H. Hoang ◽  
D. Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Virus Isolate ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea

scholarly journals Coinfection of porcine deltacoronavirus and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus increases disease severity, cell trophism and earlier upregulation of IFN-α and IL12

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kepalee Saeng-chuto ◽  
Adthakorn Madapong ◽  
Kampon Kaeoket ◽  
Pablo Enrique Piñeyro ◽  
Angkana Tantituvanont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Fecal Score

AbstractPorcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) cause an enteric disease characterized by diarrhea clinically indistinguishable. Both viruses are simultaneously detected in clinical cases, but a study involving the co-infection has not been reported. The study was therefore conducted to investigate the disease severity following a co-infection with PEDV and PDCoV. In the study, 4-day-old pigs were orally inoculated with PEDV and PDCoV, either alone or in combination. Following challenge, fecal score was monitored on a daily basis. Fecal swabs were collected and assayed for the presence of viruses. Three pigs per group were necropsied at 3 and 5 days post inoculation (dpi). Microscopic lesions and villous height to crypt depth (VH:CD) ratio, together with the presence of PEDV and PDCoV antigens, were evaluated in small intestinal tissues. Expressions of interferon alpha (IFN-α) and interleukin 12 (IL12) were investigated in small intestinal mucosa. The findings indicated that coinoculation increased the disease severity, demonstrated by significantly prolonged fecal score and virus shedding and decreasing VH:CD ratio in the jejunum compared with pigs inoculated with either PEDV or PDCoV alone. Notably, in single-inoculated groups, PEDV and PDCoV antigens were detected only in villous enterocytes wile in the coinoculated group, PDCoV antigen was detected in both villous enterocytes and crypts. IFN-α and IL12 were significantly up-regulated in coinoculated groups in comparison with single-inoculated groups. In conclusion, co-infection with PEDV and PDCoV exacerbate clinical signs and have a synergetic on the regulatory effect inflammatory cytokines compared to a single infection with either virus.

scholarly journals Effect of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infectious Doses on Infection Outcomes in Naïve Conventional Neonatal and Weaned Pigs

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e0139266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph T. Thomas ◽  
Qi Chen ◽  
Phillip C. Gauger ◽  
Luis G. Giménez-Lirola ◽  
Avanti Sinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea

scholarly journals Pathogenicity and immunogenicity of attenuated porcine epidemic diarrhea virus PC22A strain in conventional weaned pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Ming Lin ◽  
Shristi Ghimire ◽  
Yixuan Hou ◽  
Patricia Boley ◽  
Stephanie N. Langel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea

scholarly journals Alterations in Intestinal Innate Mucosal Immunity of Weaned Pigs During Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 642-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Mei Chen ◽  
Emma T. Helm ◽  
Nicholas Gabler ◽  
Jesse M. Hostetter ◽  
Eric R. Burrough
Keyword(s):  
Mucosal Immunity ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Paneth Cells ◽  
M Cells ◽  
Peyer’S Patch ◽  
Peyer's Patch ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea

In the small intestine, localized innate mucosal immunity is critical for intestinal homeostasis. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection induces villus injury and impairs digestive function. Moreover, the infection might comprise localized innate mucosal immunity. This study investigated specific enterocyte subtypes and innate immune components of weaned pigs during PEDV infection. Four-week-old pigs were orally inoculated with PEDV IN19338 strain (n = 40) or sham-inoculated (n = 24). At day post inoculation (DPI) 2, 4, and 6, lysozyme expression in Paneth cells, cellular density of villous and Peyer’s patch microfold (M) cells, and the expression of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) were assessed in the jejunum and ileum by immunohistochemistry, and interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured in the jejunum by ELISA. PEDV infection led to a decrease in the ratios of villus height to crypt depth (VH–CD) in jejunum at DPI 2, 4, and 6 and in ileum at DPI 4. The number of villous M cells was reduced in jejunum at DPI 4 and 6 and in ileum at DPI 6, while the number of Peyer’s patch M cells in ileum increased at DPI 2 and then decreased at DPI 6. PEDV-infected pigs also had reduced lysozyme expression in ileal Paneth cells at DPI 2 and increased ileal pIgR expression at DPI 4. There were no significant changes in IL-1β and TNF-α expression in PEDV-infected pigs compared to controls. In conclusion, PEDV infection affected innate mucosal immunity of weaned pigs through alterations in Paneth cells, villous and Peyer’s patch M cells, and pIgR expression.

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