Phytotoxic activity and identification of chemicals constituents in Lonchocarpus cultratus (Vell.) A.M.G. Azevedo & H.C. Lima aerial parts (Fabaceae)

Cogongrass is a troublesome, invasive weedy species with reported allelopathic properties. The phytotoxicity of different constituents isolated from roots and aerial parts of this species was evaluated on garden lettuce and creeping bentgrass. No significant phytotoxic activity was detected in the methylene chloride, methanol, or water extracts when tested at 1.0 mg ml−1. However, the total essential oil extract of cogongrass aerial parts was active. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of this extract using silica gel column chromatography led to the identification of megastigmatrienone, 4-(2-butenylidene)-3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one (also called tabanone), as a mixture of four stereoisomers responsible for most of the activity. Tabanone inhibited growth of frond area of lesser duckweed, root growth of garden onion, and fresh weight gain of garden lettuce with 50% inhibition values of 0.094, 3.6, and 6.5 mM, respectively. The target site of tabanone is not known, but its mode of action results in rapid loss of membrane integrity and subsequent reduction in the rate of photosynthetic electron flow.

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Volatiles from the Aerial Parts of East Mediterranean Clary Sage: Phytotoxic Activity

Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants ◽

10.1080/0972060x.2015.1119066 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 1192-1198 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Fuat Bozok ◽

Zeynep Ulukanli

Keyword(s):

East Mediterranean ◽

Phytotoxic Activity ◽

Aerial Parts

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Phytotoxic Activity of Flavonoids from Dicranostyles Ampla

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1000500817 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 1934578X1000500

Author(s):

Amaya Castro ◽

Charles L. Cantrell ◽

Amber L. Hale ◽

Stephen O. Duke

Keyword(s):

Lactuca Sativa ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Agrostis Stolonifera ◽

Lemna Paucicostata ◽

Phytotoxic Activity ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Crude Extracts ◽

The Family ◽

Bioassay Guided Fractionation ◽

Ethanol Extracts

Crude extracts from over 16 species of plants from the family Convolvulaceae were evaluated for phytotoxic activity against Agrostis stolonifera (bentgrass) and Lactuca sativa (lettuce) at 1000 (μg/mL. Ethanol extracts of Dicranostyles ampla Ducke were among the most active of those species tested. Systematic bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethanol extract of the aerial parts from this species was performed to identify specifically the phytotoxic compounds. Two phytotoxic flavonoids, dihydromyricetin (1) and myricetin-3- O-α-rhamnoside or myricetrin (2), were found to be responsible for much of the activity of the extract as a whole in the A. stolonifera and L. sativa bioassay. In a Lemna paucicostata bioassay, 1 and 2 had no activity at 100 μM.

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Phytochemical investigation and phytotoxic activity of aerial parts of oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus var. oleifer Stokes)

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology ◽

10.1016/j.bse.2018.03.009 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 78 ◽

pp. 52-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Letycia Lopes Ricardo ◽

Darlon Irineu Bernardi ◽

Gislaine Cristiane Mantovanelli ◽

Beatriz Pereira Moreno ◽

Marcio Shigueaki Mito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Raphanus Sativus ◽

Phytotoxic Activity ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Oilseed Radish ◽

Phytochemical Investigation

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Phytotoxic activity and chemical composition of Cassia absus seeds and aerial parts

Natural Product Research ◽

10.1080/14786419.2017.1300795 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (24) ◽

pp. 2918-2922 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

I. Zribi ◽

H. Sbai ◽

N. Ghezal ◽

G. Richard ◽

D. Trisman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Phytotoxic Activity ◽

Aerial Parts

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Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Essential Oil from Calamintha nepeta Plants from the Wild in Southern Italy

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1300800134 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Emilia Mancini ◽

Laura De Martino ◽

Hanna Malova ◽

Vincenzo De Feo

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Lepidium Sativum ◽

Campania Region ◽

Phytotoxic Activity ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Main Components ◽

Lepidium Sativum L

The chemical composition of the essential oil from aerial parts of Calamintha nepeta (L.) Savi, collected in the Campania Region, was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. In all, 42 compounds were identified. The oil was characterized by a prevalence of the sesquiterpenic fraction (80.8%). The main components were 1,10-di- epi-cubenol (18.5%), allo-aromadendrene epoxide (11.4%) and cadalene (5.7%). The essential oil was evaluated for its in vitro potential phytotoxic activity against germination and initial radical growth of Raphanus sativus L., Lepidium sativum L., Sinapis arvensis L., Triticum durum L. and Phalaris canariensis L. seeds. The essential oil showed no antioxidant activity.

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Phytotoxic activity of aqueous extracts of ruderal plants and its potential application to tomato crop

Botanical Sciences ◽

10.17129/botsci.2727 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mariana Miranda-Arámbula ◽

Ricardo Reyes-Chilpa ◽

Ana L. Anaya L.

Keyword(s):

Animal Health ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Argemone Mexicana ◽

Tomato Crop ◽

Natural Herbicides ◽

Phytotoxic Activity ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Potential Applications

Background: The application of synthetic pesticides to the tomato crop (Solanum lycopersicum -Solanaceae-) increases fruit production, but also carries risks for the environment, human and animal health. Hypothesis: local ruderal plant extracts could be an alternative for weed control, with potential applications in agroecology and organic agriculture. Methods: Organic and aqueous extracts (1 and 10% w/v) were prepared with the fresh (FAE) and dry (DAE) aerial parts of five ruderal species from Tlaxcala, Mexico: Argemone mexicana L. (Papaveraceae), Baccharis salicifolia Pers. (Asteraceae), Lepidium virginicum L. (Brassicaceae), Leucena leucocephala S. Zárate (Fabaceae) and Reseda luteola L. (Resedaceae). Their phytotoxic activity was evaluated in vitro with the seeds of three model plants (amaranth, lettuce, and tomato). Results: DAE of B. salicifolia and L. virginicum (1 % w/v) showed the highest potential as natural herbicides. These inhibited 100 % seed germination and radicle elongation in the three model plants but did not affect the growth of tomato seedlings of 8 and 12 weeks in greenhouse conditions. Both extracts analyzed by HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS showed two major peaks. Bacharis salicifolia with m/z 432.9 and 725.4. Lepidium virginicum with m/z 532.9 and 527.1. Conclusions:DAE of local ruderal plants B. salicifolia and L. virginicum (1 % w/v) are potential natural herbicides, without harmful effects on tomato cultivated seedlings, awaiting the precise identification of their active compounds.

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