Characterization of published randomized controlled trials assessing clinical pharmacy services around the world

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inajara Rotta ◽  
Thais Teles Souza ◽  
Teresa M. Salgado ◽  
Cassyano J. Correr ◽  
Fernando Fernandez-Llimos
2014 ◽  
Vol 262 (6) ◽  
pp. 1401-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Giovannelli ◽  
Gaetano Zaccara ◽  
Massimo Cincotta ◽  
Giulia Loiacono ◽  
Alberto Verrotti

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-11
Author(s):  
Ubong U. Ekpene ◽  
Mawuli Ametefe ◽  
Patrick Bankah ◽  
George Wepeba ◽  
Harry Akoto ◽  
...  

Objectives: This study assesses the knowledge, attitude, practice and perceived barriers to subject recruitment into randomized controlled trials, and determine strategies to maximize subject recruitment and retention. Methods: A cross sectional, quantitative survey of 73 physicians working in Ghana was conducted assessing their knowledge and attitude towards randomized controlled trials, subject recruitment practices, self-reported barriers to subject recruitment and strategies to enhance subject recruitment. Results: Responses from 73 Ghanaian physicians were analyzed. 23 (31.5%) respondents knew of ongoing clinical trials in their specialty in Ghana while 32 (43.8%) physicians knew about trials in their specialties in various places in the world. 23 (31.5%) physicians responded that they had referred patients for recruitment into clinical trials before. 49 (67.1%) respondents had never referred any patient for recruitment into clinical trials. Conclusion: Most Ghanaian doctors are unaware of ongoing trials in their specialty and thus do not refer patients for recruitment.


2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (15) ◽  
pp. 1250-1256
Author(s):  
Sara Kjerengtroen ◽  
Samuel M Wilde ◽  
Gabriel V Fontaine ◽  
Kevin M Forbush ◽  
Charles M Van Gorder ◽  
...  

Abstract Purpose The rapid spread of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has strained the resources of healthcare systems around the world. In accordance with recommendations from the World Health Organization, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and US Department of Defense, Intermountain Medical Center (IMED) in Murray, UT, has developed a plan to provide remote clinical pharmacy services to protect the health of pharmacy caregivers while maintaining appropriate clinical pharmacy coverage to optimally care for patients. Summary The utilization of telemedicine technology permits clinical pharmacists to readily communicate with nurses, physicians, other caregivers, and patients. We have identified strategies to allow clinical pharmacists to continue to participate in daily rounds, provide consultations under collaborative practice agreements, verify medication orders, collect medication histories, provide antimicrobial stewardship, and deliver medication education to patients from off-site locations. The pharmacy department at IMED proactively tested telemedicine technologies, defined the roles of clinical pharmacists, and identified communication strategies prior to a rapid rise in COVID-19 cases in the state of Utah. Conclusion The proactive measures described can help ensure that pharmacy caregivers have appropriate remote access and are capable of confidently using the resources. These steps allow for optimal care of hospitalized patients and promote social distancing, which may have the added benefit of decreasing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 among patients and caregivers.


2020 ◽  
pp. 187-207
Author(s):  
William Davies

Competitions have a “liberal” quality, where the traits they measure or reward have some connection to broader moral virtues, beyond the frame of a contest, and where they have transparency surrounding their norms and metrics of evaluation. This allows competitions to serve as consensus-forming procedures, which establish differentials of value in a publicly agreeable fashion. However, competitions can also be organized for the benefit of the organizer, in order to acquire information about participants and accrue competitive advantage in some larger competition. In the age of the digital platform, competitive performance is constantly monitored, but in ways that don’t produce public results or consensus. As in randomized controlled trials, the “world” as encountered by the participant looks very different from the one seen by the observer. This produces a format of “post-liberal competition,” in which (in Goffman’s terms) the “front stage” and “back stage” are radically split from each other.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 455-461
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Morris ◽  
Leslie A. Briars ◽  
Donna M. Kraus

Methodology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-60
Author(s):  
Shahab Jolani ◽  
Maryam Safarkhani

Abstract. In randomized controlled trials (RCTs), a common strategy to increase power to detect a treatment effect is adjustment for baseline covariates. However, adjustment with partly missing covariates, where complete cases are only used, is inefficient. We consider different alternatives in trials with discrete-time survival data, where subjects are measured in discrete-time intervals while they may experience an event at any point in time. The results of a Monte Carlo simulation study, as well as a case study of randomized trials in smokers with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), indicated that single and multiple imputation methods outperform the other methods and increase precision in estimating the treatment effect. Missing indicator method, which uses a dummy variable in the statistical model to indicate whether the value for that variable is missing and sets the same value to all missing values, is comparable to imputation methods. Nevertheless, the power level to detect the treatment effect based on missing indicator method is marginally lower than the imputation methods, particularly when the missingness depends on the outcome. In conclusion, it appears that imputation of partly missing (baseline) covariates should be preferred in the analysis of discrete-time survival data.


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