Effect of training impulse control on increase attention of children with attention – deficit/ hyperactivity disorder

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, characterized by poor sustained attention, diminished impulse control and excessive physical activity, is found in most cultures and most countries. However, diagnostic terminology and management vary from centre to centre. Pharmacotherapy in conjunction with individual and family therapy is generally accepted as the most effective treatment, while psychostimulants are the drug of choice. The results of clinical studies with indications, contraindications and side-effects are reviewed. The use of alternative pharmacotherapy for those who do not respond to treatment and long term therapy is discussed. The need for careful diagnosis and patient management is emphasized.

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A SHORT REVIEW ON UNNMAD W.S.R. TO ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD)

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH ◽

10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i1.2019.1029 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 25-33

Author(s):

Ganesh S Chavan ◽

Renu B Rathi

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Impulse Control ◽

Short Review ◽

Modern Medicine ◽

School Age Children ◽

Psychosomatic Disorder ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Motor Restlessness ◽

Modern Era

Unnmad is one type of mansik-vyadhi which is most common form of mental disorder. Unnmad can be co –related with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Today’s modern era day to day psychosomatic disorder affected children are increased in pediatric clinics, out of that Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) one of them. Due to increased distractibility and difficulty sustaining attention; poor impulse control and decreased self-inhibitory capacity; and motor over activity and motor restlessness. etc leads to this disease. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) neurobehavioral disorder of childhood and one of among the most prevalent chronic health conditions affecting school-age children. In modern medicine except presynaptic dopaminergic agonists, there is no other treatment for this disease While traditional life science Ayurveda has most effective solution over this. The present article is an attempt to highlighting on details of unnmada with co-relating with ADHD.

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Mental Retardation and ADHD!

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.89.2.351 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 89 (2) ◽

pp. 351-351

Author(s):

ROBERT G. VOIGT ◽

GRAEME H. JOHNSON ◽

FRANK R. BROWN

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Mental Retardation ◽

General Practitioner ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Motor Activity ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Impulse Control ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Effective Medication

To the Editor.— This letter cautions the general practitioner about prescribing methylphenidate to children with mental retardation, despite the reported utility in nine patients.1 Methylphenidate is understood to be an effective medication for treatment of children who have attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), characterized by a developmentally inappropriate attention span, level of impulsiveness, and motor activity. For the general practitioner, ADHD typically is identified in children with normal neurodevelopment. Because children with mental retardation may have attention spans, impulse control, and activity levels inappropriate for their chronologic age, albeit appropriate for their underlying level of cognitive function, we are concerned about the general practitioner's ability to identify ADHD in children with mental retardation.

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Cognitive control and emotional response in attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder comorbidity with disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-021-03221-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yuncheng Zhu ◽

Li Liu ◽

Daoliang Yang ◽

Haifeng Ji ◽

Tianming Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Cognitive Control ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Impulse Control ◽

Emotional Response ◽

Emotional Functioning ◽

Conduct Disorders ◽

Adhd Group ◽

Emotional Stroop ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder

Abstract Background This study investigated cognitive and emotional functioning in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders (DICCD). Methods Thirty patients with ADHD, 26 with DICCD, 22 with ADHD+DICCD were recruited from the outpatient department of Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, plus 20 healthy controls (HC). Differences between the groups in cognitive and emotional functioning were examined using Golden’s Stroop and Emotional Stroop tests. For Emotional Stroop Mean reaction time (RT) of positive word (POS) and negative word (NEG) with color congruence (C) or incongruence (I) were recorded as POS-C, POS-I, NEG-C and NEG-I, respectively. Results For Golden’s interference scores (IGs), both errors and RTs in the ADHD group were higher than in the other groups. Longer mean RTs of POS-C, POS-I, NEG-C and neural word (NEU) of the ADHD group, and NEG-I of ADHD+DICCD and DICCD groups were observed compared to HC. After 12 weeks of methylphenidate treatment, differences between ADHD subgroups and HC on Golden’s Stroop RT disappeared, but differences in Golden’s Stroop errors and Emotional Stroop mean RTs remained. The ADHD+DICCD group showed longer mean RTs in NEG-C, NEG-I and NEU of the Emotional Stroop test than the ADHD group. Conclusions Our study shows that regardless of emotional responding, deficit in cognitive control is the core symptom of ADHD. However, emotionally biased stimuli may cause response inhibitory dysfunction among DICCD with callous-unemotional traits, and the comorbidity of ADHD and DICCD tends to account for the negative emotional response characteristic of DICCD. These deficits may be eliminated by medication treatment in ADHD, but not the ADHD with comorbid DICCD. Our results support the notion that ADHD with comorbid DICCD is more closely related to DICCD than to ADHD.

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