scholarly journals Polyethylene passive samplers to determine sediment–pore water distribution coefficients of persistent organic pollutants in five heavily contaminated dredged sediments

2014 ◽  
Vol 472 ◽  
pp. 1172-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoit Charrasse ◽  
Céline Tixier ◽  
Pierre Hennebert ◽  
Pierre Doumenq
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Passive Samplers ◽  
Sediment Pore Water ◽  
Dredged Sediments

scholarly journals Sediment pore water distribution coefficients of PCB congeners in enriched black carbon sediment

2013 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 357-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres Martinez ◽  
Colin O'Sullivan ◽  
Danny Reible ◽  
Keri C. Hornbuckle
Keyword(s):  
Black Carbon ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Sediment Pore Water ◽  
Pcb Congeners

scholarly journals Dispersal of persistent organic pollutants from fiber-contaminated sediments: biotic and abiotic pathways

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Karin Dahlberg ◽  
Anna Apler ◽  
Paul Frogner-Kockum ◽  
Gunnel Göransson ◽  
Ian Snowball ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Contaminated Sediments ◽  
The Body ◽  
Passive Samplers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Particle Resuspension

Abstract Purpose Numerous sites contaminated with fiber emissions from pulp and paper industries are found in coastal areas of the Baltic Sea, but there is limited knowledge about the magnitude of dispersal of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from these anthropogenic, organic-rich sediments called fiberbanks. The aim of this study was to quantify and compare different POP dispersal pathways from such fiberbanks. Dispersal mechanisms studied included abiotic and biotic routes (dissolved in water, particle-bound, and bioaccumulation). Materials and methods Contaminated fibrous sediments located in Ångermanälven River estuary in north-eastern Sweden were studied in sediment types representing different fiber content (i.e., fiberbanks, fiber-rich sediments, and less fiber impacted sediments). Sediment-to-water fluxes of dissolved contaminants (polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)) were measured in situ using benthic flux chambers. Particle resuspension was measured by sampling bottom water, before and after disturbing the sediment surface. Benthic biota was collected to determine the body burden of contaminants and to determine biota-pore water accumulation factors (BAFPW) and biota-sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs). In addition, concentrations of dissolved POPs in the water column were measured in field using passive samplers. Instrumental analysis was performed using gas chromatography coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (GC-MS/MS). Results and discussion The flux of dissolved Σ20PCBs was approximately two times higher from one of the investigated fiberbanks (3.4 ng m− 2 day− 1) compared to the other. The average particle burden of PCBs was also higher at this fiberbank after artificial disturbance (15 ng g−1 particle), which indicates that larger amounts of contaminants are likely to disperse via particle resuspension from this site compared to the other fiberbank (4.8 ng g− 1 particle). The difference might be associated with a layer of recently settled minerogenic material that covers one of the fiberbanks, which probably functions as a protective barrier. The lack of benthic biota implies that contaminant release by bioturbation is negligible in the studied fiberbanks. However, benthic biota from fiber-rich sediment showed bioaccumulation and biomagnification of contaminants. Conclusions The importance of diffusive flux from fiberbanks under undisturbed conditions became apparent when the different dispersal pathways were quantified. However, no dispersal pathway could be judged as irrelevant, since even under undisturbed conditions, advective particle transport was significant. Additionally, the uptake by biota and trophic transfer can be considerable. Quantification of dispersal routes and understanding of the relative importance of various pathways is critical for proper risk assessment and management of contaminated sediments.

REY distribution and concentration in bottom seawater and oxic pore water in the CCZ, NE Pacific: pilot study on the application of a DGT passive sampling method in deep sea environments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Schmidt ◽  
Sophie Anna Luise Paul ◽  
Cornelia Kriete
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Passive Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Passive Samplers ◽  
Sediment Pore Water ◽  
Ce Anomaly

<p>Sampling and analysis of trace elements in open seawater and in sediment pore water in the deep sea is challenging due to small sample volumes and matrix effects. Here we evaluate an alternative method using the technique of diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT passive samplers), focussing on rare earth elements and yttrium (REY). DGT measures the labile fraction of metals in situ by fixing them on a Chelex resin after diffusion through a gel layer, providing a diffusive flux and averaged in situ concentrations of elements during the time of deployment. As the accumulated element concentrations increase with exposure time to solution, long-term deployment times overcome low trace metal concentrations in seawater and pore water. So far, no deep-sea applications of passive samplers are yet reported.</p><p>Sampling was performed in bottom seawater and surface sediments in the German licence area for manganese nodule exploration in the Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ, research cruise SO268 in April/May 2019), deployment times ranged from 12 hours in sediments to 4 weeks in open seawater.</p><p>Seawater DGT’s were deployed 0.5 m to 8 m above the seafloor. PAAS-normalized REY show the typical seawater pattern, with increase from LREE to HREE, a strong negative Ce anomaly, a kink from Gd to Tb, and a pronounced positive Y/Ho anomaly. The pattern and calculated concentrations agree very well with reported dissolved REY (<0.2 µm) for Pacific deep water (Alibo and Nozaki, 1999). Sediment DGT sticks were deployed in cores taken with a multicorer and cover the first 15 cm of the sediment. They provide in situ high-resolution profiles of trace metal fluxes and were analysed in 0.5 cm to 2 cm segments. We observe smooth PAAS-normalized patterns with negative Ce anomaly, an increase from LREE to MREE, and a slight decrease from Tb to Lu, sometimes accompanied by a small positive Y/Ho anomaly. The calculated concentrations generally increase with depth. Paul et al (2019) previously described very similar distribution patterns for CCZ sediment pore water and suggested Mn and Fe phases as the REY source. The pore water REY patterns clearly differ from bottom seawater already in the first centimetres of surface sediment– this sharp shift demonstrates that the dissolved pore water REY pool in the sediment surface is controlled by fluid-mineral equilibria.</p><p>The DGT passive sampling method may provide an additional tool to investigate biogeochemical processes at the deep-sea sediment-water interface and in the open ocean, and to monitor effects of anthropogenic disturbances at the seafloor on benthic trace element fluxes. We will discuss uncertainties of concentration calculation resulting from diffusion coefficients and from non-steady state conditions in pore water, and the comparability of DGT-derived distribution pattern and concentrations with results from physically filtered water. The DGT labile fraction is thought to represent the bioavailable fraction of trace elements and may also include colloids and nanoparticles (NPCs).</p><p> </p><p>Alibo and Nozaki, 1999: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 63, pp. 363-372.</p><p>Paul et al, 2019: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 251, pp. 56-72.</p>

Evaluating Risk After a Hazardous Waste Treatment Plant Released Persistent Organic Pollutants: Part 3, Aboriginal Health Risk and Impact

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tee L. Guidotti
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Aboriginal Health ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Hazardous Waste Treatment ◽  
Waste Treatment Plant ◽  
Health Canada

On 16 October 1996, a malfunction at the Swan Hills Special Waste Treatment Center (SHSWTC) in Alberta, Canada, released an undetermined quantity of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) into the atmosphere, including polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, and furans. The circumstances of exposure are detailed in Part 1, Background and Policy Issues. An ecologically based, staged health risk assessment was conducted in two parts with two levels of government as sponsors. The first, called the Swan Hills Study, is described in Part 2. A subsequent evaluation, described here in Part 3, was undertaken by Health Canada and focused exclusively on Aboriginal residents in three communities living near the lake, downwind, and downstream of the SHSWTC of the area. It was designed to isolate effects on members living a more traditional Aboriginal lifestyle. Aboriginal communities place great cultural emphasis on access to traditional lands and derive both cultural and health benefits from “country foods” such as venison (deer meat) and local fish. The suspicion of contamination of traditional lands and the food supply made risk management exceptionally difficult in this situation. The conclusion of both the Swan Hills and Lesser Slave Lake studies was that although POPs had entered the ecosystem, no effect could be demonstrated on human exposure or health outcome attributable to the incident. However, the value of this case study is in the detail of the process, not the ultimate dimensions of risk. The findings of the Lesser Slave Lake Study have not been published previously and are incomplete.

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