EXTRACTION, ISOLATION, CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION AND IN VITRO UROLITHIATIC ACTIVITY OF PIPERINE FROM PIPER NIGRUM

Piper nigrum is belongs to the family Piperaceae. The aim of the present study was to extract, isolate and investigate in vitro urolithiatic activity of alkaloid (piperine) from black pepper and identification by chemical reagents. In vitro urolithiatic evaluation of piperine was performed by percentage dissolution and turbidity methods. Calcium oxalate crystals were synthetically prepared and packed in a semipermeable membrane in both methods. Results were compared statistically and it showed significant P​

The choice of excipients in the development of a soft dosage form of phleboprotective action containing a micronized flavonoid fraction

Varicose veins are called one of the diseases of the 21st century, caused by a sedentary lifestyle and genetics. The purpose of this study was the development of ointment compositions containing the micronized flavonoid fraction and the study of the degree of release of the micronized fraction by the flavonoid from the ointment compositions with penetrating components. With the obtained ointment compositions, a complex of biopharmaceutical studies in vitro was carried out: release from ointment compositions by diffusion into a gelatin gel and dialysis through a semipermeable membrane, while the quality indicators of the ointment compositions were established. The conducted in vitro biopharmaceutical studies helped to determine the final composition of the ointment in relation to the auxiliary composition: active ingredient — 2%, PEG 1500:PEG 400 (7:3), propylene glycol — 1%.

THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF MEMBRANE AIR DEHUMIDIFICATION IN AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS

The paper presents a simulation of the process of removing moisture from the air in air conditioning systems using construction vapor-permeable membranes. The existing classical physical and mathematical models are considered and analyzed. Based on the analysis of classical models, a schematic and corresponding theoretical mathematical model of air dehumidification with a semipermeable building membrane with certain characteristics for possibilities of use in air conditioning systems is developed and presented. The data of calculations of moisture release from air for the developed model are given. As a result of analytical researches the correct data for possible use in air conditioning systems are received. Key words: air conditioning systems, air dehumidification, semipermeable membrane, permeability, membrane air dehumidification, convective flow, diffusion flow, moisture permeability.

EVALUATION OF IN-VITRO ACTIVITY OF AERIAL PART OF BARANJASIF (Achillea millefolium Linn.) EXTRACTS

Hasah al-Kulya (renal calculi) is one of the leading problems affecting kidney. Recurrence of kidney stone formation is approximately 50%, after 2-3 years of recovery. This makes the prevention of its recurrence an essential problem to address. Despite substantial progress in medical therapy, there is no drug with satisfactory effect. Furthermore, the drugs those are being used for its treatment have many side effects. Baranjasif (Achillea millefolium Linn.) is one of the drugs used in Unani Medicine that has been extensively used for the management of urolithiasis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the lithotriptic action of Baranjasif in-vitro. In this study, calcium oxalate stones were prepared experimentally followed by the preparation of semipermeable membrane by dissolving the outer shell of egg in 2M HCl overnight. Calcium oxalate stones weighing 10mg were then allowed to react with 7 extracts of A. millefolium L. viz, Pet-ether, Chloroform, Ethyl Acetate, Methanol, Acetone, Hydro-alcohol and Aqueous by packing them together in semipermeable membrane. The reaction was performed on three different concentrations of each extract i.e., 50 mg, 100 mg and 150 mg. In addition to 7 groups, two more groups were taken, i) a negative group containing only the stone of weight 10 mg and ii) standard group consisting of stone weighing 10 mg and cystone (in concentrations of 50 mg, 100 mg and 150 mg). Statistical methods like mean standard deviation, percentage dissolution, percentage inhibition, IC and Pearson's correlation were applied to understand the extent of dissolution of stones 50 in each group. The study advocates that Baranjasif reveals lithotriptic activity comparable to standard drug. The efficacy of the drug is directly proportional to its concentration. Ethyl acetate extract of the plant showed the most promising results.

Enzymatic Potential of Bacteria and Fungi Isolates from the Sewage Sludge Composting Process

The aim of this study was the isolation and characterisation of the fungi and bacteria during the composting process of sewage sludge under a semipermeable membrane system at full scale, in order to find isolates with enzymatic activities of biotechnological interest. A total of 40 fungi were isolated and enzymatically analysed. Fungal culture showed a predominance of members of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota division and some representatives of Mucoromycotina subdivision. Some noticeable fungi isolated during the mesophilic and thermophilic phase were Aspergillus, Circinella, and Talaromyces. During the maturation phase, some lignin modifying enzyme producers, like Purpureocillium, Thielavia, Bjerkandera, or Dichotomyces, were found. Within this group, Thielavia and Bjerkandera showed high activity with production of laccases and peroxidases. In the bacterial culturome, a total of 128 strains were selected and enzymatically analysed. Bacillales, Actinomycetales, Pseudomonadales, and Lactobacillales were the orders most represented in culture-bacteria. Bacillus pumilus, B. stratosphericus, B. safensis, and Pseudomonas formosensis were the species most efficient in enzyme production, particularly peroxidases, polyphenol oxidases ammonifying activity, and amylases. These results showed that sewage sludge composting piles could represent a source of microorganisms which have adapted to adverse conditions.