Microenvironmental heterogeneity caused by anthropogenic LULC foster lower plant assemblages in the riparian habitats of lentic systems in tropical floodplains

2018 ◽  
Vol 639 ◽  
pp. 1254-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poppy Rajbongshi ◽  
Tapati Das ◽  
Dibyendu Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Habitats ◽  
Plant Assemblages ◽  
Lower Plant ◽  
Tropical Floodplains ◽  
Lentic Systems

scholarly journals Terrestrial Morphotypes of Aquatic Plants Display Improved Seed Germination to Deal with Dry or Low-Rainfall Periods

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 741
Author(s):  
Rocío Fernández-Zamudio ◽  
Pablo García-Murillo ◽  
Carmen Díaz-Paniagua
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Population Persistence ◽  
Temporary Ponds ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Plant Assemblages ◽  
Viable Seeds

In temporary ponds, seed germination largely determines how well aquatic plant assemblages recover after dry periods. Some aquatic plants have terrestrial morphotypes that can produce seeds even in dry years. Here, we performed an experiment to compare germination patterns for seeds produced by aquatic and terrestrial morphotypes of Ranunculus peltatus subsp. saniculifolius over the course of five inundation events. During the first inundation event, percent germination was higher for terrestrial morphotype seeds (36.1%) than for aquatic morphotype seeds (6.1%). Seed germination peaked for both groups during the second inundation event (terrestrial morphotype: 47%; aquatic morphotype: 34%). Even after all five events, some viable seeds had not yet germinated (terrestrial morphotype: 0.6%; aquatic morphotype: 5%). We also compared germination patterns for the two morphotypes in Callitriche brutia: the percent germination was higher for terrestrial morphotype seeds (79.5%) than for aquatic morphotype seeds (41.9%). Both aquatic plant species use two complementary strategies to ensure population persistence despite the unpredictable conditions of temporary ponds. First, plants can produce seeds with different dormancy periods that germinate during different inundation periods. Second, plants can produce terrestrial morphotypes, which generate more seeds during dry periods, allowing for re-establishment when conditions are once again favorable.

scholarly journals Post-Dropping Behavior of Potato Aphids (Macrosiphum euphorbiae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-239
Author(s):  
Rosalind K. Humphreys ◽  
Graeme D. Ruxton ◽  
Alison J. Karley
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Tactile Stimulus ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Tonic Immobility ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Chrysoperla Carnea ◽  
Antipredator Defense ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Potato Aphids ◽  
Lower Plant

AbstractDropping behavior is an effective antipredator defense utilized by many insects including aphids, which drop from plants to lower plant parts or underlying substrates to avoid attack from predatory invertebrates. While research commonly focusses on triggers of dropping, less attention is given to what happens to prey individuals following escape drops. In this study, the duration of tonic immobility, recovery rates, and cases of “instant recovery” (re-clinging to lower plant parts) exhibited by potato aphids (Macrosiphum euphorbiae) that dropped from potted seedlings in response to introduced ladybird (Adalia bipunctata) adults, lacewing (Chrysoperla carnea) larvae, and a standardized tactile stimulus were investigated in relation to a range of environmental factors. Air temperature had a negative correlation with the duration of post-dropping tonic immobility; as temperature increased, time spent motionless decreased. Aphids also showed a pattern of increased recovery rate at higher temperatures. Aphids may be selected to move off the substrate quicker to avoid risks of overheating/desiccation at higher temperatures; and/or higher body temperature facilitates locomotion. Stimulus type also influenced recovery rate back to the original seedling, with aphids generally recovering after the standardized stimulus quicker than after dropping triggered by a real predator. Considering cases of instant recovery onto lower-reaches of the host seedling, seedling height influenced the likelihood of re-clinging, with aphids that managed to instantly recover dropping from, on average, taller seedlings than aphids that dropped to the substrate. Plant architecture could mitigate the costs of dropping for aphids, but further studies quantifying understory foliage cover are needed.

Urban plant assemblages by land use type in Milan: Floristic, ecological and functional diversities and refugium role of railway areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 127175
Author(s):  
Chiara Toffolo ◽  
Rodolfo Gentili ◽  
Enrico Banfi ◽  
Chiara Montagnani ◽  
Sarah Caronni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Type ◽  
Plant Assemblages

Orchard and riparian habitats enhance ground dwelling beetle diversity in Mediterranean agro-forestry systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Martins da Silva ◽  
Carlos A. S. Aguiar ◽  
Israel de Faria e Silva ◽  
Artur R. M. Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Habitats ◽  
Agro Forestry

Economic optimum plant density of irrigated early-maturity soybean in southern Alberta

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tram T.N. Thai ◽  
Danny G. Le Roy ◽  
Manjula S. Bandara ◽  
James E. Thomas ◽  
Francis J Larney
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Profit Maximization ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Lower Plant

With soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed cost increasing in Alberta, understanding economic optimum plant density (EOPD) could help growers save on input expenses. A study was conducted at two irrigated locations in southern Alberta (Bow Island and Lethbridge), in three growing seasons (2014–16), using two maturity group (MG) 00 soybean genotypes, two row spacings (RS; narrow, 17.5 cm; wide, 35 cm), and three seeding densities (SD; 30, 50 and 80 seeds m-2). Exponential plant density-yield relationships were used to estimate EOPD. The earlier MG 00.4 genotype compensated yield at lower plant density (39 vs. 43 plants m-2) and emergence (74 vs. 80%) than the later MG 00.8 genotype. The EOPD gaps between environments, genotypes, and RS were minimal (from 1–3 plants m-2), resulting in only 1.3–2.0% differences in grain yield (37–56 kg ha-1), and gross revenue at EOPD ($16–24 ha-1). The overall EOPD estimate was 46 plants m-2, regardless of environment, genotype or RS. The study highlighted the difference between agronomic production and profit maximization in choosing an optimum plant density, and the need to establish a seeding density calculator for irrigated soybean in southern Alberta.

The Determinants of Mesocarnivore Activity Patterns in Highveld Grassland and Riparian Habitats

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea B. Webster ◽  
Mariëtte E. Pretorius ◽  
Michael J. Somers
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Riparian Habitats
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document