Effects of grassland afforestation on structure and function of soil bacterial and fungal communities

ABSTRACTForest fires are a common natural disturbance in forested ecosystems and have a large impact on the microbial communities in forest soils. The response of soil fungal communities to forest fire is poorly documented. Here, we investigated fungal community structure and function across a 152-year boreal forest fire chronosequence using high-throughput sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region and a functional gene array (GeoChip). Our results demonstrate that the boreal forest soil fungal community was most diverse soon after a fire disturbance and declined over time. The differences in the fungal communities were explained by changes in the abundance of basidiomycetes and ascomycetes. Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi contributed to the increase in basidiomycete abundance over time, with the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) representing the generaCortinariusandPilodermadominating in abundance. Hierarchical cluster analysis by using gene signal intensity revealed that the sites with different fire histories formed separate clusters, suggesting differences in the potential to maintain essential biogeochemical soil processes. The site with the greatest biological diversity had also the most diverse genes. The genes involved in organic matter degradation in the mature forest, in which ECM fungi were the most abundant, were as common in the youngest site, in which saprotrophic fungi had a relatively higher abundance. This study provides insight into the impact of fire disturbance on soil fungal community dynamics.

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How Do Composition, Structure, and Function of Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities Respond to Nitrogen Deposition and Ozone Exposure?

Mycology - The Fungal Community ◽

10.1201/9781420027891.ch39 ◽

2005 ◽

pp. 769-801 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Erik Lilleskov

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Deposition ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Fungal Communities ◽

Ozone Exposure ◽

Composition Structure ◽

And Function

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How do visible and UV light affect the structure and function of leaf-associated aquatic fungal communities polluted by TiO2 nanoparticles?

Environmental Science Nano ◽

10.1039/d1en00275a ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Jingjing Du ◽

Wenrui Qv ◽

Gaozhong Pu ◽

Mingxiang Qv ◽

Jin Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽

Decomposition Rate ◽

Fungal Diversity ◽

Uv Light ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Fungal Communities ◽

Fungal Structure ◽

Natural Photoperiod ◽

And Function

We assessed the phototoxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles on fungal structure and function. The fungal diversity was reduced by long-term exposure. However, the leaf decomposition rate was not inhibited rather than promoted under natural photoperiod.

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Temporal and Spatial Impact of Human Cadaver Decomposition on Soil Bacterial and Arthropod Community Structure and Function

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2017.02616 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Baneshwar Singh ◽

Kevan J. Minick ◽

Michael S. Strickland ◽

Kyle G. Wickings ◽

Tawni L. Crippen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Arthropod Community ◽

Human Cadaver ◽

Temporal And Spatial ◽

Soil Bacterial ◽

And Function

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Structure and function of neural networks in the retina

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100102213 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 26-27

Author(s):

Peter Sterling

Keyword(s):

Ganglion Cells ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Synaptic Connections ◽

Visual Axis ◽

One Dimensional ◽

Cat Retina ◽

Ultrathin Sections ◽

And Function ◽

Insight Into

The synaptic connections in cat retina that link photoreceptors to ganglion cells have been analyzed quantitatively. Our approach has been to prepare serial, ultrathin sections and photograph en montage at low magnification (˜2000X) in the electron microscope. Six series, 100-300 sections long, have been prepared over the last decade. They derive from different cats but always from the same region of retina, about one degree from the center of the visual axis. The material has been analyzed by reconstructing adjacent neurons in each array and then identifying systematically the synaptic connections between arrays. Most reconstructions were done manually by tracing the outlines of processes in successive sections onto acetate sheets aligned on a cartoonist's jig. The tracings were then digitized, stacked by computer, and printed with the hidden lines removed. The results have provided rather than the usual one-dimensional account of pathways, a three-dimensional account of circuits. From this has emerged insight into the functional architecture.

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