scholarly journals Association of low-level inorganic arsenic exposure from rice with age-standardized mortality risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in England and Wales

2020 ◽  
Vol 743 ◽  
pp. 140534
Author(s):  
Lingqian Xu ◽  
David A. Polya ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
Debapriya Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Low Level

scholarly journals Arsenic Concentrations in Tissues and Body Fluids of Dogs on Chronic Low-Level Dietary Sodium Arsenite

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regg D. Neiger ◽  
Gary D. Osweiler
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sodium Arsenite ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Low Dosage

Twenty-four female Beagle dogs, 7–8 months old, were assigned to 4 groups. Control, low-dosage, medium-dosage, and high-dosage groups were offered 0, 1, 2, and 4 mg of sodium arsenite per kilogram of body weight per day (mg/kg/day), respectively, in their feed (equivalent to 0.0, 33.4, 66.7, and 133.4 μg/g in feed). On day 59, the dosage was doubled for the rest of the experiment, which ended on day 183. In general, arsenic concentrations in tissues and body fluids reflected arsenic levels in feed. Arsenic caused a dose-related decrease in food intake. Statistically significant differences in blood, liver, and kidney arsenic were detected, in most cases, between the 2 higher dosage groups and controls. The greatest differences in arsenic concentrations between groups were present in urine and hair. Results indicate that urine and hair would be the most useful specimens for chemical analysis when attempting to confirm low-level dietary inorganic arsenic exposure or poisoning.

scholarly journals Association of low-level arsenic exposure in drinking water with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and risk assessment

Toxicology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 323 ◽  
pp. 78-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce S. Tsuji ◽  
Vanessa Perez ◽  
Michael R. Garry ◽  
Dominik D. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Low Level

Effects of low-level arsenic exposure on urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase activity

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1885-1891 ◽  
Author(s):  
S-Y Eom ◽  
Y-C Lee ◽  
D-H Yim ◽  
C-H Lee ◽  
Y-D Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Tubular Damage ◽  
Seafood Consumption ◽  
Arsenic Level ◽  
Urine Sampling ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Urinary Arsenic ◽  
Renal Tubular

This study was aimed to evaluate whether renal tubular function is impaired by exposure to relatively low concentrations of arsenic. Mean urinary arsenic concentrations and N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) activities were compared among 365 and 502 Korean men and women, respectively, in relation to gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, and recent seafood consumption. The study subjects were divided into 4 groups according to urinary NAG activity and seafood consumption prior to urine sampling, and the correlation between arsenic concentration and urinary NAG activity was tested for each group. The mean urinary arsenic level was higher in women, non-smokers, and non-drinkers in comparison to men, smokers, and drinkers, respectively. Individuals who consumed seafood within 3 days prior to urine sampling showed a higher mean urinary arsenic level than those who did not. The correlation between urinary arsenic concentration and NAG activity in urine was significant only in subjects who did not consume seafood within 3 days prior to urine sampling and whose urinary NAG activity was 7.44 U/g creatinine (75th percentile) or higher. The urinary arsenic concentration was a significant determinant of urinary NAG activity in subjects with NAG activity higher than 7.44 U/g creatinine and especially in those who had not consumed seafood recently. These facts suggest that a relatively low-level exposure to inorganic arsenic produces renal tubular damage in humans.

scholarly journals Low-level inorganic arsenic exposure and neuropsychological functioning in American Indian elders

2017 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 74-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clint R. Carroll ◽  
Carolyn Noonan ◽  
Eva M. Garroutte ◽  
Ana Navas-Acien ◽  
Steven P. Verney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
American Indian ◽  
Neuropsychological Functioning ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Low Level

Paraoxonase 1 activity in subchronic low-level inorganic arsenic exposure through drinking water

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olusegun K. Afolabi ◽  
Adedoja D. Wusu ◽  
Olufunmilayo O. Ogunrinola ◽  
Esther O. Abam ◽  
David O. Babayemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Low Level

scholarly journals Low-level inorganic arsenic exposure and its association with salivary cortisol in 2 year-old children from Arica, Chile

Medwave ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (Suppl6) ◽  
pp. 6732-6732
Author(s):  
Macarena Alejandra Valdés Salgado ◽  
Verónica Paz Iglesias Álamos
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Low Level

scholarly journals Essential concepts for interpreting the dose-response of low-level arsenic exposure in epidemiological studies

Toxicology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 457 ◽  
pp. 152801
Author(s):  
Joyce S. Tsuji ◽  
Kristin P. Lennox ◽  
Heather N. Watson ◽  
Ellen T. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Low Level

scholarly journals 306 - Loneliness and mortality in older adults and the role of depression

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
pp. 64-64
Author(s):  
T.J. Holwerda ◽  
D. Rhebergen ◽  
H.C. Comijs ◽  
J.J.M. Dekker ◽  
M.L. Stek
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Perspective ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Dexamethasone Suppression

Background:The prevalence of loneliness increases with age. The presence of loneliness in older adults has been found to be associated with health problems such as depression, decreased cognitive functioning, increases in systolic blood pressure and increased mortality. The underlying mechanisms of the higher mortality risk are largely unknown.Methods:Meta-analysis to investigate the present evidence for the associations between loneliness and mortality. Cross-sectional studies investigating the associations between loneliness and cardiovascular disease and between loneliness and cortisol in 378 depressed and 132 non-depressed older adults.Results:Loneliness appears to be associated with increased mortality, although when only studies are included that consider depression as a covariate, the association is not significant. Therefore it seems likely that depression plays a mediating role in the higher mortality risk.We did not find a significant association between loneliness and cardiovascular disease. In contrast, loneliness was significantly associated with lower cortisol output and decreased dexamethasone suppression.Discussion:The results and their implications for prevention and treatment will be discussed from a clinical perspective as well as a general health perspective. Is loneliness as potentially dangerous as depression?

scholarly journals COVID-19 associated mortality and cardiovascular disease outcomes among US women veterans

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirling Tsai ◽  
Hang Nguyen ◽  
Ramin Ebrahimi ◽  
Monica R. Barbosa ◽  
Bala Ramanan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Women Veterans ◽  
Minority Women ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Race Difference ◽  
Woman Veteran ◽  
Disease Outcomes

AbstractThe burden of COVID-19 has been noted to be disproportionately greater in minority women, a population that is nevertheless still understudied in COVID-19 research. We conducted an observational study to examine COVID-19-associated mortality and cardiovascular disease outcomes after testing (henceforth index) among a racially diverse adult women veteran population. We assembled a retrospective cohort from a Veterans Affairs (VA) national COVID-19 shared data repository, collected between February and August 2020. A case was defined as a woman veteran who tested positive for SARS-COV-2, and a control as a woman veteran who tested negative. We used Kaplan–Meier curves and the Cox proportional hazards model to examine the distribution of time to death and the effects of baseline predictors on mortality risk. We used generalized linear models to examine 60-day cardiovascular disease outcomes. Covariates studied included age, body mass index (BMI), and active smoking status at index, and pre-existing conditions of diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and a history of treatment with antiplatelet or anti-thrombotic drug at any time in the 2 years prior to the index date. Women veterans who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 had 4 times higher mortality risk than women veterans who tested negative (Hazard Ratio 3.8, 95% Confidence Interval CI 2.92 to 4.89) but had lower risk of cardiovascular events (Odds Ratio OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.92) and developing new heart disease conditions within 60 days (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.77). Older age, obesity (BMI > 30), and prior CVD and COPD conditions were positively associated with increased mortality in 60 days. Despite a higher infection rate among minority women veterans, there was no significant race difference in mortality, cardiovascular events, or onset of heart disease. SARS-CoV-2 infection increased short-term mortality risk among women veterans similarly across race groups. However, there was no evidence of increased cardiovascular disease incidence in 60 days. A longer follow-up of women veterans who tested positive is warranted.

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