Formal waste treatment facilities as a source of halogenated flame retardants and organophosphate esters to the environment: A critical review with particular focus on outdoor air and soil

2021 ◽  
pp. 150747
Author(s):  
Yulong Ma ◽  
William A. Stubbings ◽  
Mohamed Abou-Elwafa Abdallah ◽  
Reginald Cline-Cole ◽  
Stuart Harrad
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Organophosphate Esters ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Halogenated Flame Retardants

Measuring exposure of e-waste dismantlers in Dhaka Bangladesh to organophosphate esters and halogenated flame retardants using silicone wristbands and T-shirts

2020 ◽  
Vol 720 ◽  
pp. 137480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Andrea Peris ◽  
Mohammad Rashidujjaman Rifat ◽  
Syed Ishtiaque Ahmed ◽  
Nirupam Aich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Organophosphate Esters ◽  
Halogenated Flame Retardants

Assessment of bio-medical waste before and during the emergency of novel Coronavirus disease pandemic in India: A gap analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110214
Author(s):  
Rahul Rajak ◽  
Ravi Kumar Mahto ◽  
Jitender Prasad ◽  
Aparajita Chattopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Central Pollution Control Board ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
The Government ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Considering the widespread transmission of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) globally, India is also facing the same crisis. As India already has inadequate waste treatment facilities, and the sudden outbreak of the COVID-19 virus has led to significant growth of Bio-medical waste (BMW), consequently safe disposal of a large quantity of waste has become a more serious concern. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of BMW of India before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, this article highlights the gaps in the implementation of BMW rules in India. This study uses various government and non-government organizations, reports and data specifically from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). The finding of the study demonstrated that most of the States/Union Territories (UTs) of India are lacking in terms of COVID-19 waste management. India has generated over 32,996 mt of COVID-19 waste between June and December 2020. During this period, Maharashtra (789.99 mt/month) is highest average generator of COVID-19 waste, followed by Kerala (459.86 mt/month), Gujarat (434.87 mt/month), Tamil Nadu (427.23 mt/month), Uttar Pradesh (371.39 mt/month), Delhi (358.83 mt/month) and West Bengal (303.15 mt/month), and others respectively. We draw attention to the fact that many gaps were identified with compliance of BMW management rules. For example, out of all 35 States/UTs, health care facilitates (HCFs), only eight states received authorization as per BMW management rules. Moreover, the government strictly restricted the practice of deep burials; however, 23 States/UTs are still using the deep burial methods for BMW disposal. The present research suggests that those States/UTs generated on an average of 100 mt/month COVID-19 waste in the last 7 months (June–December 2020) should be considered as a high priority state. These states need special attention to implement BMW rules and should upgrade their BMW treatment capacity.

Long-term trends of airborne halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) by means of tree leaf and shoot analyses

2021 ◽  
pp. 117342
Author(s):  
Annekatrin Dreyer ◽  
Frank Neugebauer ◽  
Nina Lohmann ◽  
Heinz Rüdel ◽  
Kathrin Tarricone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Tree Leaf ◽  
Halogenated Flame Retardants
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