Experimental study of the fiber laser output intensity behavior and its application to a water flow sensor

2007 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 816-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Durán-Sánchez ◽  
G. Beltrán-Pérez ◽  
J. Castillo-Mixcóatl ◽  
S. Muñoz-Aguirre ◽  
M. Méndez-Otero
2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guansheng Chen ◽  
Nanshuo Li ◽  
Huanhuan Xiang ◽  
Fan Li

It is well known that attaching fins on the tubes surfaces can enhance the heat transfer into and out from the phase change materials (PCMs). This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the thermal characteristics of finned coil latent heat storage unit (LHSU) using paraffin as the phase change material (PCM). The paraffin LHSU is a rectangular cube consists of continuous horizontal multibended tubes attached vertical fins at the pitches of 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mm that creates the heat transfer surface. The shell side along with the space around the tubes and fins is filled with the material RT54 allocated to store energy of water, which flows inside the tubes as heat transfer fluid (HTF). The measurement is carried out under four different water flow rates: 1.01, 1.30, 1.50, and 1.70 L/min in the charging and discharging process, respectively. The temperature of paraffin and water, charging and discharging wattage, and heat transfer coefficient are plotted in relation to the working time and water flow rate.


Laser Physics ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 105108 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Agrež ◽  
R Petkovšek ◽  
D Sangla ◽  
J Saby ◽  
R B Picard ◽  
...  

This study developed an automated machine that automatically controls the feeding routine of fish by checking four parameters that will serve as a prerequisite before dispensing the required amount of commercial feeds. The parameters to be checked are time, precipitation, the water temperature of the pond, and behavior of the fishes. The machine is also capable of notifying the owner or caretaker via text message if fishes have been fed successfully or not and if the level of the feeds is low. The machine utilizes sensors, namely a raindrop sensor, temperature sensor, and water flow sensor in which data are gathered through the aid of a microcontroller. After undergoing several trials, it was revealed that the fish feeding machine was able to implement the capabilities of the manual process of feeding done by a fish farmer. It also dispensed the required weight of feeds on time after satisfying the parameters. The machine was also reliable in terms of sending notifications to the owner through text message since results convey that they were received within 10 seconds if the signal is fine.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2111 (1) ◽  
pp. 012024
Author(s):  
Efrizon ◽  
M. Irmansyah ◽  
Era Madona ◽  
N Anggara ◽  
Yultrisna

Abstract The purpose of this study is to create a prepaid PDAM clean water distribution system using a microcontroller based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The hardware used to realize the system consists of ultrasonic sensors, water flow sensors, relays, LCD buzzers and Arduino. ESP 8266 01 for delivery to the Thingspeak app. From the test results obtained HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor reading error occurs when the water level is low and too high, the maximum measurable water level is 95%. When calculating the comparison between the water discharge that is read by the sensor and that measured by the measuring cup, the results are always not the same. The error when testing the water flow sensor at the water level is less than 49% this is influenced by the speed of the water fired by the pump, where the pump will be under low pressure when the water level is below that value. The system can monitor data readings from the water flow sensor using the ESP8266 monitored on the thinkspeak web server using a smartphone. Overall the tool can function well.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Dana Bakošová ◽  
Alžbeta Bakošová

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