Social fabric and fear of crime: Considering spatial location and time of day

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Benjamin J. Roberts ◽

Steven L. Gordon

Keyword(s):

Law Enforcement ◽

Social Cohesion ◽

Fear Of Crime ◽

Social Trust ◽

Strong Support ◽

Theoretical Models ◽

Social Fabric ◽

Perceptions Of Safety ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Adverse Influence

Fear of crime, like crime itself, is thought to be a factor that constrains efforts by government and non-state actors at promoting socially cohesive communities and a caring society. As concern over South Africa's social fabric have mounted, increasing policy attention has been directed at perceptions of safety and nation-building. In this study, we use nationally representative survey data to examine recent theoretical models on the link between fear of crime and social cohesion within communities. The results do not offer strong support for the hypothesis that higher fear of crime is associated with lower levels of social trust, neighbouthood ties and civic cohesion, although fear does have a moderate, adverse influence on attitudes towards law enforcement.

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Sicurezza, sviluppo e diritti nella cittŕ multiculturale: quali politiche?

TERRITORIO ◽

10.3280/tr2009-049019 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 128-133

Author(s):

Massimiliano Bagaglini

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Broad Spectrum ◽

Fear Of Crime ◽

Public Policies ◽

Physical Space ◽

Social Fabric ◽

Social Mix ◽

The Social ◽

Social Polarisation

- The fear of crime reflects a broad spectrum of insecurities connected with the new ‘map of risks' in post modern societies. The obsession with security has contributed to the remodelling of physical space and the social fabric of large urban centres, triggering phenomena of social polarisation which have made labour segmentation even more rigid. The questions posed therefore concern the type of policies that can be adopted to ensure a good ‘social mix' and how security can be reconciled with rights. It is a question of critically rethinking the concept of citizenship as it has developed over the last two centuries, recovering its political and participatory dimension. Public policies must support inclusion processes encouraging growth in individual capabilities and social capital.

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Dynamic Visual Noise Affects Visual Short-Term Memory for Surface Color, but not Spatial Location

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1027/1618-3169/a000003 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 17-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Kevin Dent

Keyword(s):

Short Term Memory ◽

Spatial Location ◽

Visual Noise ◽

Dynamic Visual Noise ◽

Short Term ◽

Surface Color ◽

Term Memory ◽

Visual Short Term Memory ◽

Experimental Tool ◽

Spatial Locations

In two experiments participants retained a single color or a set of four spatial locations in memory. During a 5 s retention interval participants viewed either flickering dynamic visual noise or a static matrix pattern. In Experiment 1 memory was assessed using a recognition procedure, in which participants indicated if a particular test stimulus matched the memorized stimulus or not. In Experiment 2 participants attempted to either reproduce the locations or they picked the color from a whole range of possibilities. Both experiments revealed effects of dynamic visual noise (DVN) on memory for colors but not for locations. The implications of the results for theories of working memory and the methodological prospects for DVN as an experimental tool are discussed.

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Multiple-Object Tracking

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1027/1618-3169/a000085 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 196-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

K. Botterill ◽

R. Allen ◽

P. McGeorge

Keyword(s):

Object Tracking ◽

Cognitive Processes ◽

Spatial Location ◽

Multiple Object Tracking ◽

Tracking Performance ◽

Multiple Object

The Multiple-Object Tracking paradigm has most commonly been utilized to investigate how subsets of targets can be tracked from among a set of identical objects. Recently, this research has been extended to examine the function of featural information when tracking is of objects that can be individuated. We report on a study whose findings suggest that, while participants can only hold featural information for roughly two targets this task does not affect tracking performance detrimentally and points to a discontinuity between the cognitive processes that subserve spatial location and featural information.

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