scholarly journals “How the other half live”: Lay perspectives on health inequalities in an age of austerity

2017 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 268-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayleigh Garthwaite ◽  
Clare Bambra
2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 320-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Marmot

SummaryThe evidence, which is summarised in this editorial, shows that the circumstances in which people are born, grow, live, work and age are powerful determinants of health and of the unfair distribution of health – health inequity. Discrimination against people with mental illness shows how the relation can go the other way: for example, when people with mental ill health cannot get back into work.


Author(s):  
Amaya Erro-Garcés ◽  
Maria Elena Aramendia-Muneta ◽  
María Errea ◽  
Juan M. Cabases-Hita

This paper aims to analyse the relationship between perceived health and earnings across Europe. Empirical analysis is based on the last published round from the European Working Conditions Survey (N = 43,850) and offers updated evidence on the effect of earnings on perceived health in 35 countries. The main findings show a positive and significant relationship between earnings and health, which is consistent with the existing literature. Moreover, health seems to be U-shaped relative to earnings. On the other hand, age is negatively related to health, which is consistent with previous research. This paper shows the health differences between countries, where cultural, geographic, and economic differences imply health inequalities across countries. From a practical perspective, understanding the dynamics of perceived health and earnings’ processes can contribute to health policy.


2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Lamnisos ◽  
G Dimou ◽  
K Giannakou

Abstract Background A valid measure of social position is important for investigating health inequalities. The registrar general classification is not theoretically based or validated and it is based only on occupation. On the other hand, the National Statistics Socio-economic Classification (NS-SeC) distinguishes between different social positions in terms of both their typical labour market and work situations. The aim of this study was to validate the NS-SeC in a Greek population. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 in Athens, Greece. Participants were classified in one of the seven social position classes of NS-SeC based on their responses to questions related to their occupation, employment status (employer, self-employed or employee), supervisor or manager and number of employees in the workplace. Participants were also asked to rate their general health over the previous 12 months in one of three categories: “good”, “fairly good”, or “not good”. The multivariable logistic regression model was used to investigate the predictive validity of NS-SeC. Results 73 individuals with a mean age 43.2 (sd = 11.5) participated in the study. The 46.6% of the participants belonged to the class “managerial and professional occupations”, the 20.5% to the class “intermediate occupations”, while the 31.5% belonged to the class “routine and manual occupations”. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for “fairly good” or “not good” general health was five times higher in the “routine and manual occupations” in comparison to the combine group of the other two classes (OR: 5.1; 95% Confidence Interval: 1.4-18.2). Conclusions The Greek version of NS-SeC has an excellent predictive validity and it is considered a valid measure of social position in a Greek population. Therefore, it can be used by public health authorities and public health researchers to investigate health inequalities attributed to socio-economic conditions. Key messages The Greek National Statistics Socio-economic Classification is a valid measure of socio-economic position. The Greek National Statistics Socio-economic Classification could be used by public health authorities and public health researchers to investigate health inequalities.


Author(s):  
Claire Luscombe

This chapter examines the correlation between mental health and multiple exclusions. Health inequalities result from inequalities in the conditions of daily life and because of the fundamental drivers that give rise to them, that is, inequalities in power, money and resources. A key component of this process of exclusion is mental health. Poor mental health is both a contributor to and a consequence of exclusion. On the other hand, good mental health is a crucial aspect of facilitating inclusion. The chapter first defines multiple exclusions before discussing research about people experiencing homelessness, prevalence of mental health disorders within the population, and why understanding multiple exclusions is important. It also analyses the implications of the mental health-multiple exclusions nexus for service delivery.


1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (03) ◽  
pp. 411-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin W. Stearn

Stromatoporoids are the principal framebuilding organisms in the patch reef that is part of the reservoir of the Normandville field. The reef is 10 m thick and 1.5 km2in area and demonstrates that stromatoporoids retained their ability to build reefal edifices into Famennian time despite the biotic crisis at the close of Frasnian time. The fauna is dominated by labechiids but includes three non-labechiid species. The most abundant species isStylostroma sinense(Dong) butLabechia palliseriStearn is also common. Both these species are highly variable and are described in terms of multiple phases that occur in a single skeleton. The other species described areClathrostromacf.C. jukkenseYavorsky,Gerronostromasp. (a columnar species), andStromatoporasp. The fauna belongs in Famennian/Strunian assemblage 2 as defined by Stearn et al. (1988).


1967 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 207-244
Author(s):  
R. P. Kraft

(Ed. note:Encouraged by the success of the more informal approach in Christy's presentation, we tried an even more extreme experiment in this session, I-D. In essence, Kraft held the floor continuously all morning, and for the hour and a half afternoon session, serving as a combined Summary-Introductory speaker and a marathon-moderator of a running discussion on the line spectrum of cepheids. There was almost continuous interruption of his presentation; and most points raised from the floor were followed through in detail, no matter how digressive to the main presentation. This approach turned out to be much too extreme. It is wearing on the speaker, and the other members of the symposium feel more like an audience and less like participants in a dissective discussion. Because Kraft presented a compendious collection of empirical information, and, based on it, an exceedingly novel series of suggestions on the cepheid problem, these defects were probably aggravated by the first and alleviated by the second. I am much indebted to Kraft for working with me on a preliminary editing, to try to delete the side-excursions and to retain coherence about the main points. As usual, however, all responsibility for defects in final editing is wholly my own.)


1967 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 177-206
Author(s):  
J. B. Oke ◽  
C. A. Whitney

Pecker:The topic to be considered today is the continuous spectrum of certain stars, whose variability we attribute to a pulsation of some part of their structure. Obviously, this continuous spectrum provides a test of the pulsation theory to the extent that the continuum is completely and accurately observed and that we can analyse it to infer the structure of the star producing it. The continuum is one of the two possible spectral observations; the other is the line spectrum. It is obvious that from studies of the continuum alone, we obtain no direct information on the velocity fields in the star. We obtain information only on the thermodynamic structure of the photospheric layers of these stars–the photospheric layers being defined as those from which the observed continuum directly arises. So the problems arising in a study of the continuum are of two general kinds: completeness of observation, and adequacy of diagnostic interpretation. I will make a few comments on these, then turn the meeting over to Oke and Whitney.


1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
W. Iwanowska

A new 24-inch/36-inch//3 Schmidt telescope, made by C. Zeiss, Jena, has been installed since 30 August 1962, at the N. Copernicus University Observatory in Toruń. It is equipped with two objective prisms, used separately, one of crown the other of flint glass, each of 5° refracting angle, giving dispersions of 560Å/mm and 250Å/ mm respectively.


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